¿QUE TIPO DE PROYECTO EDUCATIVO ES LA UNIVERSIDAD ARGENTINA?

La siguiente ponencia se propone replantear a la Universidad en el marco de un proyecto Educativo. Suena casi retórico decir que no existen proyectos sin sujetos. Pero no es una tautología ni mucho menos. En el caso universitario resulta ser casi una necesidad. La universidad en una unidad social que produce y reproduce prácticas en varios sentidos. El primero de ellos es que remite a la reproductividad de prácticas sociales con reconocimiento público. Acciones que se legitiman más fuertemente por su reconocimiento social que por su inserción en el mercado laboral. Estamos hablando principalmente de las prácticas profesionales y en segundo lugar, al lugar de la prácticas innovadoras o prácticas de transformación (básicamente la inserción en el sistema científico y productivo). De tal modo que prácticas profesionales y las prácticas de transformación resultan de algún modo la actividad central del objeto organizacional-institucional, llamado universidad. Este trabajo sostiene el alegato de que la crisis es de misión más que de objetivos. Como institución multidimensional y multipropósito la universidad necesita una metodología de replanteo de sus misiones de manera más sistemática. Esto no quiere que las prácticas sociales que engendra (nuevos dominios del saber) no sólo hace que aparezcan nuevos objetos, conceptos y técnicas, sino que hace nacer nuevas formas de sujetos de conocimiento. ¿ O no es consciente de esta función adjudicada por la sociedad a la Universidad Argentina? Trabaja, los puntos nodales de la concepción de Proyecto, como una oportunidad o una excusa para que los miembros de la Universidad reflexionen sobre su vida cotidiana y tomen decisiones respecto a cómo desean orientarla Cierto es que no hay proyectos sin sujetos. Y que el proyecto es un imaginario que se construye colectivamente. Claro está que para pensar un proyecto se requieren algunas identificaciones, que podríamos rápidamente citar del siguiente modo: a. diseñar un proyecto supone comprender la realidad que se analiza b. diseñar un proyecto supone pensar una construcción colectiva ( no puede ser pensada desde visiones unipersonales ni de grupos de referencia) c. para la concreción de un proyecto es necesario ofrecer un escenario de discusión d. consensuar no debería confundirse con imponer ideas e. no hay un modo de hacer proyectos f. el proyecto debe producir una mirada técnico-normativa-consensual acerca de la reducción de una serie de variables g. la construcción de un proyecto universitario institucional (PUI) es una práctica política. h. el proyecto universitario es fruto de una negociación de significados Finalmente, el trabajo discurre sobre el ánalisis entre una teoría del poder en la Universidad y los puntos clave en los que debería pensarse o repensarse el funcionamiento del Sistema Universitario

Messinian erosional and salinity crises: View from the Provence Basin (Gulf of Lions, Western Mediterranean)

International audienceThough the late Miocene “Messinian Salinity Crisis” has been intensely researched along the circum-Mediterranean basins, few studies have focused on the central part of the Mediterranean Basin and, especially, the pre-salt deposits. To improve our knowledge of the Messinian events, it is imperative to better understand this domain. In this study, we provide a more complete understanding of this central domain in the Provence Basin. We were able to recognize: a) thick marine detrital series (up to 1000 m) derived from the Messinian subaerial erosion which is partly prolongated in the distal part by b) a thick unit of deep marine deposits (up to 800 m) prior to the evaporites; c) a thick presumed alternation of detritals and evaporites (1500 m) below the mobile halite; and d) a two-step transgression at the end of the Messinian. Spatially, we document the eroded shelf to the deep basin (and from the western to the eastern parts of the Gulf of Lions), and temporally, we extend the interpretations from the early deposition of detritic sediments to the final sea-level rise. The results provide a new basis for discussion not only for the development of the Messinian Salinity Crisis but also for the reconstruction of the subsidence history of the Provence Basin

Integrating terminological resources in dictionary portals : the case of the Diccionarios Valladolid-UVa

CITATION: Fuertes-Olivera, P. A. & Esandi-Baztan, M. A. 2020. Integrating terminological resources in dictionary portals : the case of the Diccionarios Valladolid-UVa. Lexikos, 30:90-110, doi:10.5788/30-1-1598.The original publication is available at https://lexikos.journals.ac.zaThis paper advocates the convergence of terminology and lexicography, and illustrates this view by presenting some of the steps taken for incorporating terminological resources and ideas in an online dictionary portal that is being constructed at the University of Valladolid (Spain). This dictionary portal contains several dictionary types, was designed by the same team and is being constructed from the same theoretical perspective, regardless of whether some of the lexical items included are judged "lexicographic", i.e. related to general language expressions, or "terminological", i.e. connected with terms. In addition to dealing with certain basic tenets of dictionary portals, the paper describes an ad-hoc typology of definitions that has been created for two main reasons. Firstly, it makes the process of compilation easier, more uniform, and more readily systematised, thus facilitating the efforts of different people in different places at different times. Secondly, these definitions will feed the Spanish–English Write Assistant, a commercially driven language tool that uses a language module based on statistics and is in the process of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, e.g. machine learning and neural networks, for creating patterns. We have found that precise definitions, similar to terminological (i.e. encyclopaedic) definitions, for most lemmas increase the tool's functions. Such definitions offer a very different picture of current monolingual Spanish and bilingual Spanish–English dictionaries.https://lexikos.journals.ac.za/pub/article/view/1598Publisher's versio

Adaptation to climate change in coastal communities: findings from seven sites on four continents

Climate change is causing wide-ranging effects on ecosystem services critical to coastal communities and livelihoods, creating an urgent need to adapt. Most studies of climate change adaptation consist of narrative descriptions of individual cases or global synthesis, making it difficult to formulate and test locally rooted but generalizable hypotheses about adaptation processes. In contrast, researchers in this study analyzed key points in climate change adaptation derived from coordinated fieldwork in seven coastal communities around the world, including Arctic, temperate, and tropical areas on four continents. Study communities faced multiple challenges from sea level rise and warmer ocean temperatures, including coastal erosion, increasing salinity, and ecological changes. We analyzed how the communities adapted to climate effects and other co-occurring forces for change, focusing on most important changes to local livelihoods and societies, and barriers to and enablers of adaptation. Although many factors contributed to adaptation, communities with strong self-organized local institutions appeared better able to adapt without substantial loss of well-being than communities where these institutions were weak or absent. Key features of these institutions included setting and enforcing rules locally and communication across scales. Self-governing local institutions have been associated with sustainable management of natural resources. In our study communities, analogous institutions played a similar role to moderate adverse effects from climate-driven environmental change. The findings suggest that policies to strengthen, recognize, and accommodate local institutions could improve adaptation outcomes.Ye

Building capacity for health promotion by addressing nurses' role confusion: Study protocol of a pilot clustered randomised controlled trial

Aim To describe the protocol for the pilot phase of a complex intervention, designed to address primary care nurses' role confusion in health promotion. Design A pilot clustered randomized controlled trial, with control and intervention groups. Methods The study will be conducted in a primary care setting. Participants will be nurses from the primary care health service working in a primary care team (PCT, 15 control group; 15 intervention group). Nurses in the experimental group will receive the ROLE-AP programme over a 3-week period. The control group will continue with the normal routine. The pilot will help determine the intervention's feasibility, acceptability, fidelity and quality of the programme components. Data collected preintervention, postintervention and 3 months after intervention will provide estimates of the intervention's preliminary effects on the main variable, nurses' degree of agreement concerning their expected role in health promotion. The study received funding from the local government in December 2019. Discussion Role confusion is promoting primary care nurses' omissions in their health-promoting practice, which is far from the ideal portrayed by the Ottawa Charter. Interventions are needed that reveal the most appropriate mechanisms for addressing role confusion, which requires reaching an intraprofessional agreement about the expectations for role activities. Healthcare organisations could benefit from the incorporation of a programme of these characteristics into standard practice. Impact This study will produce a novel and comprehensive complex intervention that is expected to build nurses' capacity in primary healthcare organizations for health promotion, which is key to increasing the quality, efficiency and sustainability of the National Health System. The programme evaluation and feasibility study will reveal how to better use existing resources in a full-scale clinical trial.This research has received a grant from the Health Department of the Government of Navarr

Effects of a nursing care program on functional outcomes in older acute medical in-patients: protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Hospitalization often leads to long periods of bed rest and inactivity which is associated with an increase in length of hospital stay, loss of capacity for basic self-care and discharge into a nursing home. Objective: This trial aims to verify if a nursing care program centered on basic self-care and predefined physical activity, improves functional outcomes in older hospitalized patients. Methods: This is a 2-group randomized controlled trial with repeated measures: 182 older acute medical patients will be blindly randomly allocated to the control group (n = 91) or intervention group (n = 91). The intervention will consist of nursing care intervention centered on basic self-care that includes a twice daily walking training, plus privileging pre-established trips to the toilet by walking and all daytime meals seated, off the bed. The main outcome was changes in the number of independent activities of daily living from 2 weeks before admission (baseline) to discharge. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier NCT03106064). Results: This intervention has the potential to change the outcomes of the older patient in the acute setting. Conclusion: The loss of independence in self-care is determinant in future health care needs. If our hypothesis is correct and demonstrate that this nursing care program centered on basic self-care for older acute medical patients improves functional outcomes, a change in the paradigmatic organization of hospital care may be justifiable.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Health and Social Factors Associated with a Delayed Discharge Amongst Inpatients on Acute Geriatric Wards: A Retrospective Observational Study

Aim:  In the English National Health Service (NHS) there is an increasing interest in understanding the factors associated with delayed discharges in older hospitalised adults. This study sought to analyse whether clinical frailty was a significant and independent risk factor for having a delayed discharge when the data were controlled for potential health and social confounders. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study in an English NHS teaching hospital. We analysed all first hospitalisation episodes to the Department of Medicine for the Elderly between 1st May 2016 and 31st July 2016. A delayed discharge was operationally defined as a patient being discharged more than 24 hours after his/her last recorded clinically fit date.  Results: 924 cases were analysed. The independent risk factors for having a delayed discharge were: needing a new package of care (Odds Ratio [OR]=4.05, 95% CI: 2.68-6.10), new institutionalisation (OR=2.78, 95% CI: 1.67-4.62), living alone (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.40-2.81), delirium (OR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.17-2.74), and frailty (i.e. 5 or more on the Clinical Frailty Scale, OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.15-2.63). Conclusion: Our results are consistent with previous reports that delayed discharges in older hospitalised patients are mainly related to new formal social care requirements in survivors of acute illness. Frailty was an independent risk factor for delay, but its effect may have been confounded by the unmeasured variable of informal care requirements. Our operational definition of delayed discharge does not mirror the legal definition of delayed transfer of care in England and results are not externally valid

Integrated approach to prevent functional decline in hospitalized elderly: the Prevention and Reactivation Care Program (PReCaP)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Hospital related functional decline in older patients is an underestimated problem. Thirty-five procent of 70-year old patients experience functional decline during hospital admission in comparison with pre-illness baseline. This percentage increases considerably with age.</p> <p>Methods/design</p> <p>To address this issue, the Vlietland Ziekenhuis in The Netherlands has implemented an innovative program (PReCaP), aimed at reducing hospital related functional decline among elderly patients by offering interventions that are multidisciplinary, integrated and goal-oriented at the physical, social, and psychological domains of functional decline.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This paper presents a detailed description of the intervention, which incorporates five distinctive elements: (1) Early identification of elderly patients with a high risk of functional decline, and if necessary followed by the start of the reactivation treatment within 48 h after hospital admission; (2) Intensive follow-up treatment for a selected patient group at the Prevention and Reactivation Centre (PRC); (3) Availability of multidisciplinary geriatric expertise; (4) Provision of support and consultation of relevant professionals to informal caregivers; (5) Intensive follow-up throughout the entire chain of care by a casemanager with geriatric expertise. Outcome and process evaluations are ongoing and results will be published in a series of future papers.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>The Netherlands National Trial Register: <a href="http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=2317">NTR2317</a></p