Electrochemical insertion into anatase-type TiO2: an in situ Raman microscopy investigation

International audienc

One-step precipitation of nanometric LiMO2 powders (M=Co, Fe) in alcoholic media

International audienc

One-step precipitation of nanometric LiMO₂ powders (M = Co, Fe) in alcoholic media

We describe here a new synthesis route for the direct and controlled precipitation of monodispersed nanometric LiMO2 (M = Co, Fe) powders in alcoholic media tackling the difficulty to simultaneously hydrolyze lithium and transition metal ions in aqueous medium. Combining results from XRD, Raman, TEM, TGA analyses, we found that the alcohol nature as well as the absolute and relative Li+ and Mn+ concentrations are important parameters controlling the formation of such materials. These parameters can be reliably tuned and influence the phase purity, crystallite sizes and Li/M stoichiometry for both HT-“LiCoO2” and α-“LiFeO2” type materials. The optimization and rationalization of this synthetic route appear as a very promising tool to prepare well controlled/characterized oxides to further study the interrelationships between structural, chemical and reactivity issues as a function of the crystallite size, as suggested by some of the present results

Chemotherapy Effectiveness After First-Line Gefitinib Treatment for Advanced Lepidic Predominant Adenocarcinoma (Formerly Advanced Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma): Exploratory Analysis of the IFCT-0401 Trial.

International audienceHYPOTHESIS:: This study explored whether chemotherapy after first-line gefitinib was effective in patients with advanced lepidic predominant adenocarcinoma (LPA), formerly advanced bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, who were enrolled in the Intergroupe Francophone de Cancérologie Thoracique (IFCT)-0401 trial. METHODS:: Overall, 88 patients presenting advanced LPA were enrolled in the IFCT-0401 trial, receiving gefitinib as first-line therapy. No predefined second-line treatment was mandatory in the case of progression or limiting toxicity under gefitinib. However, the carboplatin plus paclitaxel regimen was recommended for patients with a performance status (PS) 0 or 1 and gemcitabine monotherapy for those with a PS 2. For these patients, data concerning treatment efficacy was collected from the IFCT-0401 trial database. RESULTS:: In total, 47 patients (53%) received second-line treatment after the failure of gefitinib, with 43 having PS 0 or 1. Regarding treatment, 43 were treated with chemotherapy, with 38 receiving a platinum-doublet regimen (taxane-based, n = 29; gemcitabine-based, n = 9) and five receiving monotherapy (gemcitabine, n = 3; pemetrexed, n = 2). The overall response rate (ORR) to chemotherapy was 21% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10-36), disease control rate 56% (95% CI: 40-71), and median progression-free survival (PFS) 3.0 months (95% CI: 2.4-4.9). For patients receiving a platinum doublet (n = 38), ORR was 21% (95% CI: 10-37), with disease control rate being 55% (95% CI: 38-71), and median PFS 2.9 months (95% CI: 2.4-4.4). For patients receiving taxane-based regimen (n = 29) and gemcitabine-based regimen (n = 12), ORR was 28% and 0%, respectively, with a median PFS of 3.3 and 2.0 months, respectively, (p = 0.0243). The two patients receiving pemetrexed experienced a prolonged response. Multivariate Cox model analysis revealed that only the use of taxane-based chemotherapy or pemetrexed was related to PFS. CONCLUSION:: Platinum-doublet chemotherapy showed some effectiveness in treating advanced LPA patients after first-line gefitinib. Our findings also suggest that taxane-based chemotherapy and pemetrexed should be investigated further in future clinical trials

Randomized phase II trial of gefitinib or gemcitabine or docetaxel chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and a performance status of 2 or 3 (IFCT-0301 study).

International audienceBACKGROUND: To compare 3 treatment strategies in chemotherapy naive patients with advanced NSCLC and a PS 2-3. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were assigned to gefitinib 250mg daily (n=43) or to gemcitabine (1250mg/m(2) d 1, 8 q 21d) (n=42) or docetaxel (75mg/m(2) d 1 q 21d) (n=42). Treatments were taken until progression or toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival. Secondary end points were response and overall survival. RESULTS: Disease control rates were 20.9%, 33.4% and 38.1%, respectively. Median PFS was 1.9 months in the gefitinib arm, 2.0 months in the gemcitabine arm and 2.0 months in the docetaxel arm (HR gemcitabine versus gefitinib: 0.74, 95%CI: [0.48; 1.16], HR docetaxel versus gefitinib: 0.67, 95%CI: [0.43; 1.05]). Median survival times were 2.2, 2.4 and 3.5 months, respectively (HR gemcitabine versus gefitinib: 0.76, 95%CI: [0.48; 1.20], HR docetaxel versus gefitinib: 0.69, 95%CI: [0.44; 1.09]). There were more grade 3-4 adverse events in the docetaxel arm when compared with either the gefitinib arm or the gemcitabine arm. CONCLUSION: In unselected NSCLC patients with PS 2-3, gefitinib, gemcitabine and docetaxel achieved similar results. Docetaxel was associated with higher rates of adverse events

Carboplatin and weekly paclitaxel doublet chemotherapy compared with monotherapy in elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: IFCT-0501 randomised, phase 3 trial.

International audienceBACKGROUND: Platinum-based doublet chemotherapy is recommended to treat advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in fit, non-elderly adults, but monotherapy is recommended for patients older than 70 years. We compared a carboplatin and paclitaxel doublet chemotherapy regimen with monotherapy in elderly patients with advanced NSCLC. METHODS: In this multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised trial we recruited patients aged 70-89 years with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC and WHO performance status scores of 0-2. Patients received either four cycles (3 weeks on treatment, 1 week off treatment) of carboplatin (on day 1) plus paclitaxel (on days 1, 8, and 15) or five cycles (2 weeks on treatment, 1 week off treatment) of vinorelbine or gemcitabine monotherapy. Randomisation was done centrally with the minimisation method. The primary endpoint was overall survival, and analysis was done by intention to treat. This trial is registered, number NCT00298415. FINDINGS: 451 patients were enrolled. 226 were randomly assigned monotherapy and 225 doublet chemotherapy. Median age was 77 years and median follow-up was 30.3 months (range 8.6-45.2). Median overall survival was 10.3 months for doublet chemotherapy and 6.2 months for monotherapy (hazard ratio 0.64, 95% CI 0.52-0.78; p<0.0001); 1-year survival was 44.5% (95% CI 37.9-50.9) and 25.4% (19.9-31.3), respectively. Toxic effects were more frequent in the doublet chemotherapy group than in the monotherapy group (most frequent, decreased neutrophil count (108 [48.4%] vs 28 [12.4%]; asthenia 23 [10.3%] vs 13 [5.8%]). INTERPRETATION: Despite increased toxic effects, platinum-based doublet chemotherapy was associated with survival benefits compared with vinorelbine or gemcitabine monotherapy in elderly patients with NSCLC. We feel that the current treatment paradigm for these patients should be reconsidered. FUNDING: Intergroupe Francophone de Cancérologie Thoracique, Institut National du Cancer