Dynamics and formation of obscuring tori in AGNs

We considered the evolution of a self-gravitating clumpy torus in the gravitational field of the central mass of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) in the framework of the N-body problem. The initial conditions take into account winds with different opening angles. Results of our N-body simulations show that the clouds moving on orbits with a spread in inclinations and eccentricities form a toroidal region. The velocity of the clouds at the inner boundary of the torus is lower than in a disk model that can explain the observed rotation curves. We discuss the scenario of torus formation related with the beginning of the AGN stage.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, Proceeding of the conference "Quasars at All Cosmic Epochs", held in Padova (Italy), April 2-7, 2017. Published in "Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Science" (available at https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2017.00060

Ukrainian refugees and the European labor market: socio-cultural markers of interaction

The study aims to identify the main aspects of the influence of the socio-demographic and cultural characteristics of migrants from Ukraine on their integration into the labor market in Europe. The methodology of the research is based on the methods of systematic approach and structural-functional analysis with the use of general scientific methods of SWOT-analysis, description, analysis and synthesis, comparison, and generalization. The use of these methods allowed for an analysis of the totality of statistical data and the results of sociological research on migrants, the peculiarities of national culture in Ukraine as a general environment of professional activity of migrants from Ukraine, their system of values in comparison with similar characteristics of Europeans. As a result, the conclusion is that most Ukrainian refugees will face a mismatch with the needs of the European labor market due to the difference in their usual prevailing type of organizational culture and value system, which causes the need for an adaptation policy. It is shown that the risks of mismatch should be identified, controlled, and avoided by means of developed public policies, including special communication campaigns

Collective decision-making under the influence of bribers and temporal constraints

Jo estudio la connexió entre la corrupció i les característiques estructurals dels parlaments: nombre de seients, el nombre de partits representats, i regles de decisió adoptades. Amb l'aplicació d'enfocaments analítics i computacionals, a més de simulacions, mostro que el nombre mitjà de diputats que han de ser subornats disminueix a mesura que el nombre de partits augmenta, de manera que el suborn se sent encoratjat per un nombre cada vegada més gran de parts. També investigo dues formes en que pot afectar el temps a la presa de decisions. En primer lloc, suggereixo un procediment de votació iteratiu en el que el retard en prendre una decisió és costós. Amb dos electors, dues opcions i un ordre de votació fix, demostro que en l’únic equilibri perfecte en subjocs, l’elector que vota primer, obté la seva opció preferida a l'inici del procediment. Si l'ordre s'inverteix en algun moment, identifico la condició sota la qual el votant que vota segon pot obtenir la seva opció preferida al principi. En segon lloc, proposo un altre procediment de votació iterativa, permetent que els votants canvien els seus vots, però ara amb una data límit: una etapa que, si no s'ha pres una decisió, els resultats de la votació són pitjors. Mostro que (i) si hi ha temps suficient perquè tots els votants canviïn el seu vot, es prendrà una decisió, i (ii) si hi ha una alternativa preferida per la majoria dels votants, aquesta alternativa serà finalment triada. Afegeixo un estudi experimental que indica que fins i tot amb menys temps del necessari per a què cada votant pugui canviar el seu vot, els electors estaran d'acord amb una decisió de totes maneres.Estudio la conexión entre la corrupción y las características estructurales de los parlamentos: número de asientos, el número de partidos representados, y reglas de decisión adoptadas. Con la aplicación de enfoques analíticos y computacionales, además de simulaciones, muestro que el número medio de diputados que deben ser sobornados disminuye a medida que el número de partidos aumenta, por lo que el soborno se siente alentado por un número cada vez mayor de partes. También investigo dos formas en que puede afectar el tiempo en la toma de decisiones. En primer lugar, sugiero un procedimiento de votación iterativo en el que el retraso en tomar una decisión es costoso. Con dos electores, dos opciones y un orden de votación fijo, demuestro que en el único equilibrio perfecto en subjuegos, el elector que vota primero obtiene su opción preferida al inicio del procedimiento. Si el orden se invierte en algún momento, identifico la condición bajo la cual el votante que vota segundo puede obtener su opción preferida al principio. En segundo lugar, propongo otro procedimiento de votación iterativa, permitiendo que los votantes cambian sus votos, pero ahora con una fecha límite: una etapa que, si no se ha tomado una decisión, los resultados de la votación son peores. Muestro que (i) si hay tiempo suficiente para que todos los votantes cambien su voto, se tomará una decisión, y (ii) si hay una alternativa preferida por la mayoría de los votantes, esta alternativa será finalmente elegida. Añado un estudio experimental que indica que los electores estarán de acuerdo con una decisión aunque no haya tiempo sufficiente para que cada votante pueda cambiar su voto.I study the connection between corruption and structural characteristics of parliaments: number of seats, the number of parties represented, and decision rules adopted. Applying analytical and computational approaches, and running simulations, I show that the average number of deputies needed to be bribed decreases as the number of parties increases, so bribery is encouraged by a growing number of parties. I also investigate two ways in which time may affect decision-making. First, I suggest an iterative voting procedure in which delay to reach a decision is costly. For two voters and two options, with a fixed voting order, I prove that in the unique subgame perfect equilibrium the voter who votes first obtains his most preferred option at the beginning of the procedure. If the fixed order is reversed once at some stage, I identify the condition under which the voter initially voting the second obtains this most preferred option, also at the beginning. Second, I propose another iterative voting procedure, allowing voters to change their votes, but now with a deadline: a stage such that, if no decision has been taken by then, the worst outcome results. I show that (i) if there is enough time for all the voters to change their vote, a decision will be taken, and (ii) if there is an alternative preferred by a majority of the voters, this alternative will be finally chosen. I add an experimental study indicating that even with less time necessary for every voter to change his vote, the voters will agree with a decision anyway

Особенности формирования профессионального этоса будущих инженеров

Modern engineering professionalism involves not only the development of the scientific foundations of engineering design, but also the awareness of the goals, meanings and objectives of engineering. The article is devoted to the study of issues of professional socialization of technical students (future engineers). The empirical basis of the study was the results of a mass survey of students as a part of the seventh stage of sociological monitoring of Ural students (bachelors in engineering educational programs). The influence of contradictions in the development of modern engineering on the processes of forming a professional ethos for future holders of engineering diplomas is substantiated. It has been established that in the structure about a future profession of students of a technical profile, the significance of factors of free creativity is constantly decreasing. Analysis of changes in students' professional plans revealed an increase in the dominant trend of a decrease in the number of students planning to work in their specialty after graduation.La profesionalidad de la ingeniería moderna implica no solo el desarrollo de los fundamentos científicos de su diseño, sino también el conocimiento de sus metas, significados y objetivos. Este artículo está dedicado al estudio de temas de socialización profesional de estudiantes técnicos (futuros ingenieros). La base empírica del estudio son los resultados de una encuesta realizada a estudiantes como parte de la séptima etapa de monitoreo sociológico de alumnos del Distrito Federal del Ural (licenciados en programas educativos de ingeniería). Los resultados confirman la influencia de las contradicciones en el desarrollo de la ingeniería moderna en los procesos de formación de un espíritu profesional para los futuros titulares de diplomas de ingeniería. Se ha establecido que en la estructura sobre una futura profesión de estudiantes de perfil técnico, la importancia de los factores de la creatividad libre está disminuyendo constantemente. El análisis de los cambios en los planes profesionales de los estudiantes reveló una acentuación en la disminución del número de estudiantes que planean trabajar en su especialidad después de graduarse.Современный инженерный профессионализм предполагает не только освоение научных основ проектирования техники, но и осознание целей, смыслов и задач инженерии. Статья посвящена исследованию вопросов профессиональной социализации студентов технического профиля подготовки, будущих инженеров. Эмпирической основой исследования выступили результаты массового опроса студентов в рамках седьмого этапа социологического мониторинга уральских студентов – бакалавров инженерных образовательных программ. Обосновано влияние противоречий в развитии современной инженерии на процессы формирования профессионального этоса будущих обладателей инженерных дипломов. Установлено, что в структуре представлений студентов технического профиля подготовки о будущей профессии постоянно уменьшается значение факторов свободного творчества. Анализ изменения профессиональных планов студентов выявил нарастание доминирующей тенденции снижения числа студентов, планирующих работу по специальности после окончания обучения

Problems of Strategic Management Formation in Russian Agrarian Sector

The rapid changes in Russian agriculture during the last fifteen years require development of particular strategies for efficient farm management. The West-European approaches of strategic management and planning decisions are not directly applicable in the Russian agricultural economy; Russian large and medium-sized agricultural enterprises act on different organisational principles, due to the specific peculiarities of their business mentality. The objective of the research is to adopt modern strategic management concepts to the peculiarities of Russian agriculture and to work out proposals on formation of strategic planning system in agricultural production. To this end it is necessary to define the strategic planning features which take into account the nature of modern stage of the development of Russian economy and the specific character of agricultural production; to indicate the preconditions which promote the wide implementation of strategic planning into economic practice; to establish the features of the concept of strategic planning for agricultural enterprises and to elaborate a methodical set of instructions providing formalized character to strategic planning. Applying the methodologies of monographic research and expert interviews, we conducted the analysis of peculiarities and problems of Russian agricultural production, revealed and systematized the features of development of strategy for agricultural enterprises. Based on the results of our investigation we developed strategic development models for the agricultural enterprises of Stavropol region applying the approach of Strength /Neutral / Weakness (SNW) analysis of the methodology of comparative advantage. The usefulness and empirical value of the developed models have been approved on the example of “LUCH” agricultural enterprise, which is the first in the region according to effectiveness indicators and the fourth according to its relative size.Farm Management,

Are parliaments with more parties cheaper to bribe?

We collect data about 172 countries: their parliaments, level of corruption, perceptions of corruption of parliament and political parties. We find weak empirical evidence supporting the conclusion that corruption increases as the number of parties increases. To provide a theoretical explanation of this finding we present a simple theoretical model of parliaments formed by parties, which must decide whether to accept or reject a proposal in the presence of a briber, who is interested in having the bill passed. We compute the number of deputies the briber needs to persuade on average in parliaments with different structures described by the number of parties, the voting quota, and the allocation of seats among parties. We find that the average number of seats needed to be bribed decreases as the number of parties increases. Restricting the minimal number of seats a party may have, we show that the average number of seats to be bribed is smaller in parliaments without small parties. Restricting the maximum number of seats a party may have, we find that under simple majority the average number of seats needed to be bribed is smaller for parliaments in which one party has majority, but under qualified majority it hardly changes

Special Aspects of Human Resources Management in a Multinational Environment of International Companies

В статье определяется сущность управления человеческими ресурсами, анализируются концепции управления человеческими ресурсами, в рамках которых осуществляется процесс управления персоналом в современных организациях. Выявлены составляющие управления человеческими ресурсами. Систематизированы особенности деятельности международной компании в современных условиях, отражающиеся на процессе управления персоналом. Определены основные организационные модели международных компаний: децентрализованная федерация, скоординированная федерация, централизованный узел, транснациональная модель. Обозначены четыре основные типа персонала в исследуемых компаниях: группа базовой культуры, группа гостевой культуры, группа аналоговой культуры, группа адаптированной культуры. Проанализированы факторы, влияющие на управление человеческими ресурсами международной компании. The article defines the fundamental nature of human resources management and analyzes the human resources management concepts which set the framework for the human resources management process in the modern organizations. Components of human resource management are identified. Special aspects of international companies' activity in modern conditions which affect the human resources management process are systematized. Four organizational models of international companies are identified: decentralized federation; coordinated federation; central hub; transnational model. Four main types of personnel in the companies under study are outlined: core culture group, guest culture group, analog culture group, adapted culture group. Factors having an effect on the human resources management of an international company are analyzed. Among them there are: environmental factors; cultural and economic factors; management style and practices; various labor markets and labor costs; problems of labor movement; relationships within the organization; national orientation and nature of control in the company

Assessment of the readiness of graduates to self-educational activity

The article substantiates the relevance of the problem of development of readiness of undergraduates for self-educational activities. The components of readiness of students to self-educational activity, taking into account the theory of transprofessional. The article substantiates the relevance of the problem of development of readiness of undergraduates for self-educational activities. The components of readiness of students to self-educational activity, taking into account the theory of transprofessionalВ статье обосновывается актуальность проблемы развития готовности магистрантов к самообразовательной деятельности. Представлены компоненты готовности магистрантов к самообразовательной деятельности, с учетом теории транспрофессионализм

Process approach in self-education

This article discusses the use of process approach in the management of self-educational activity of students of higher educational institutions. Special attention is paid to the implementation of the process approach and the benefits it gives to educational organizationsВ данной статье рассматриваются особенности применения процессного подхода при управлении самообразовательной деятельностью обучающихся высших учебных заведений. Особое внимание уделяется проблемам внедрения процессного подхода, а также преимуществам, которые он дает образовательным организация