A 10 años de su visita. Cousteau y la Calypso en Cuba.

Artículo realizado para recordar la visita hace 10 años a Cuba de Jacques Ives Cousteau. Se identifican los resultados más relevantes a la luz del tiempo transcurrido y su significación

Further genetic evidence for a panic disorder syndrome mapping to chromosome 13q

Substantial evidence supports that there is a genetic component to panic disorder (PD). Until recently, attempts at localizing genes for PD by using standard phenotypic data have not proven successful. Previous work suggests that a potential subtype of PD called the panic syndrome exists, and it is characterized by a number of medical conditions, most notably bladder/renal disorders. In the current study, a genome scan with 384 microsatellite markers was performed on 587 individuals in 60 multiplex pedigrees segregating PD and bladder/kidney conditions. Using both single-locus and multipoint analytic methods, we found significant linkage on chromosome 22 (maximum heterogeneity logarithm of odds score = 4.11 at D22S445) and on chromosome 13q (heterogeneity logarithm of odds score = 3.57 at D13S793) under a dominant-genetic model and a broad phenotypic definition. Multipoint analyses did not support the observation on chromosome 22. The chromosome 13 findings were corroborated by multipoint findings, and extend our previous findings from 19 of the 60 families. Several other regions showed elevated scores by using when one analytic method was used, but not the other. These results suggest that there are genes on chromosome 13q, and possibly on chromosome 22 as well, that influence the susceptibility toward a pleiotropic syndrome that includes PD, bladder problems, severe headaches, mitral valve prolapse, and thyroid conditions

Simulated mark-recovery for spatial assessment of a spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) fishery

•We simulate scenarios representing spiny lobster distribution at Glover's Reef Marine Reserve, Belize.•We examine how no-take reserves bias stock assessments that rely solely on fishery-dependent data.•We evaluate whether a mark-recovery design can be robust to uncertainty about transfer rates between fished and non-fished areas.•Fishing mortality can usually be accurately estimated by mark-recovery without prior knowledge of fish transfer rates.Marine reserves are becoming widely implemented along with conventional fisheries controls as integrated approaches to fisheries management. The restricted spatial distribution of fishing effort, relative to the spatial distribution of fish stocks that may be partially protected by marine reserves, often necessitates spatial considerations in the design of monitoring and stock assessment. Simulation modeling was used to evaluate whether a mark-recovery design could be used to accurately estimate fishing mortality rates without information about movement rates being available to the assessment procedure. A spatially-explicit individual-based simulation was developed with environmental characteristics of Glover's Reef Marine Reserve, Belize and with biological characteristics of a fished population of Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus). Accuracy of fishing mortality estimates depended on whether these estimates were calculated for the fished area only or for the entire stock. Stock-wide fishing mortality estimates could usually be obtained that were robust to uncertainty about dispersive movement. We discuss results in the context of managing fisheries based on the status of fished areas alone or on the entire stock and discuss the necessity for information about fish movement for accurate assessment of stocks managed using marine reserves