Las ceremonias reales en el virreinato de la Nueva Granada

Actas de la XII Reunión Científica de la Fundación Española de Historia Moderna, celebrada en la Universidad de León en 19-21 de junio de 2012. Verónica Salazar Baena, Doctoranda Universidad de Barcelona ([email protected])Las Ceremonias Reales, tenían el propósito fundamental de expresar gráficamente el valor social del poder del Rey y el prestigio de sus autoridades. Estas celebraciones que hacían parte de la ritualidad propia de las cortes monárquicas, debieron modificarse para posibilitar su celebración en los territorios americanos. Como muchos de los artefactos culturales ideados por la monarquía hispánica para legitimar su autoridad, el canon era dictado desde la metrópoli pero la interpretación y la adaptación la hacían en el Nuevo Mundo, Cabildos y autoridades locales.Independientemente de que la celebración se haya llevado o no a cabo, los textos ceremoniales del Virreinato de la Nueva Granada, demuestran las dos caras de una misma historia. Por un lado, las transferencias culturales, visibles en las pautas de celebración; y por otro lado el intenso proceso de resignificación y apropiación que de estas hicieron las elites coloniales, para darle voz a sus demandas, en los confines del Imperio.Peer reviewe

Simplified Metrics Calculation for Soft Bit Detection in DVB-T2

The constellation rotation and cyclic quadrature component delay (RQD) technique has been adopted in the second generation terrestrial digital video broadcasting (DVB-T2) standard. It improves the system performance under severe propagation conditions, but introduces serious complexity problems in the hardware implementation of the detection process. In this paper, we present a simplified scheme that greatly reduces the complexity of the demapper by simplifying the soft bit metrics computation having a negligible overall system performance loss

A long short-term memory network for vessel reconstruction based on laser doppler flowmetry via a steerable needle

Hemorrhage is one risk of percutaneous intervention in the brain that can be life-threatening. Steerable needles can avoid blood vessels thanks to their ability to follow curvilinear paths, although knowledge of vessel pose is required. To achieve this, we present the deployment of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) sensors as an in-situ vessel detection method for steerable needles. Since the perfusion value from an LDF system does not provide positional information directly, we propose the use of a machine learning technique based on a Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) network to perform vessel reconstruction online. Firstly, the LSTM is used to predict the diameter and position of an approaching vessel based on successive measurements of a single LDF probe. Secondly, a "no-go" area is predicted based on the measurement from four LDF probes embedded within a steerable needle, which accounts for the full vessel pose. The network was trained using simulation data and tested on experimental data, with 75 % diameter prediction accuracy and 0.27 mm positional Root Mean Square (RMS) Error for the single probe network, and 77 % vessel volume overlap for the 4-probe setup

Towards a systematic design of isotropic bulk magnetic metamaterials using the cubic point groups of symmetry

In this paper a systematic approach to the design of bulk isotropic magnetic metamaterials is presented. The role of the symmetries of both the constitutive element and the lattice are analyzed. For this purpose it is assumed that the metamaterial is composed by cubic SRR resonators, arranged in a cubic lattice. The minimum symmetries needed to ensure an isotropic behavior are analyzed, and some particular configurations are proposed. Besides, an equivalent circuit model is proposed for the considered cubic SRR resonators. Experiments are carried out in order to validate the proposed theory. We hope that this analysis will pave the way to the design of bulk metamaterials with strong isotropic magnetic response, including negative permeability and left-handed metamaterials.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review B, 23 page

Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Objectives. To measure the prevalence of and identify the clinical characteristics associated with olfactory decline in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Methods and Materials. There is analytical, prospective, and observational study in adult patients with a diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis. The olfactory test used was the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC). Results. They are 33 patients total. Within the group of patients aged 18 to 39, 9% had normosmia, 73% hyposmia, and 18% anosmia (P<0.001). Between 40 and 64 years old, there was no patient with normosmia, 63% hyposmia, and 37% anosmia (P<0.001). Of patients older than 65 years old, 33% showed mild hyposmia, 34% severe hyposmia, and 33% anosmia (P<0.001). 52% were females, and 48% were males. Conclusion. Nasal polyposis, asthma, septal deviation, turbinate hypertrophy, tobacco, and allergic rhinitis are predicting factors of olfactory dysfunction. Antecedents of previous endoscopic surgeries, age, and gender would not be associated with olfactory loss

Camel genetic resources conservation through tourism: A key sociocultural approach of camelback leisure riding

Camels are exotic elements, which can be comprised within adventure travel companies promoting ecotourism activities. Such recreations contribute to sustainable livelihoods for local communities and educational empowerment towards nature and its conservation. At present, some local camel breeds’ survival reduces to this animal-based leisure industry and its reliability to perform and promote customized services accurately. By conducting an on-site questionnaire to customers participating in camelback riding tours, we assessed the motivational factors affecting participation, satisfaction, and loyalty in this tourism segment that may have made it socially differentiated. The sixfold combination of staff performance, culture geography, diverse and humane close interaction, camel behavior and performance, sociotemporal context, and positive previous experience involves the elemental dimensions that explain customer satisfaction and return intention probability within this entertainment business. Customer knowledge is essential for stakeholders to build personalized riding experiences and align profits with environmental sustainability and biodiversity mainstream concerns into their everyday operations. In turn, domestic camel tourist rides could be managed as a viable path to nature conservation by helping endangered local breeds to avoid their functional devaluation and potential extinction

Una concepción diferente de la psicología de la ducación, abierta a contenidos del ámbito social y moral de la educación

En el presente artículo se pretende desarrollar una concepción de la Psicología de la Educación que intenta superar posiciones clásicas, que entendían la disciplina como orientada principalmente a explicar y proporcionar recursos para el logro de los aprendizajes académicos. Se pretende argumentar a favor de una concepción abierta a nuevos contenidos, al servicio de ayudar al ser humano a ser persona y a desarrollar su mundo social, emocional y moral. Se estudian los fundamentos de esta nueva defi nición dentro del pensamiento de la psicología, asumiendo su cambio al mismo tiempo que cambia la concepción y la práctica de la educación escolar. Se propone que esta disciplina esté preferentemente al servicio de los grupos especialmente problematizados, para conseguir mediante la educación su desarrollo potencial. Y también al servicio de las necesidades de la sociedad y el mundo educativo, para prevenir problemas como violencia, falta de valores democráticos, insolidaridad, y otros que aquejan a nuestras sociedades y pueden ser evitados por medio de una educación de “calidad.”In the present work we attempt to develop a conception of Educational Psychology that tries to overcome classic positions which consider that this discipline is focused to explain and provide resources for the achievement of academic learning. We argue in favour of an opened conception to new contents, such as the service of helping human being to be a person, and to develop their social, emotional, and moral domains. The foundations of this new defi nition are studied assuming changes at the same time in the conception and in the practice of the school education. We propose that this discipline should be, mainly, to the service of risk groups in order to make possible their potential development. In addition, this discipline should include the demands of society to prevent problems as violence, absence of democratic values, unsolidarity, and others problems of our societies that could be avoided through an education of quality.Facultad de Educación y Humanidades - Campus de Melilla (Universidad de Granada

Endogenous enzymatic activity in dentin treated with a chitosan primer

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of chitosan polymer on dentinal enzymatic activity by means of gelatin and in situ zymography. Human dentin was frozen and ground in a miller. Dentin powder aliquots were demineralized with phosphoric acid and treated with three different concentrations of lyophilized chitosan polymer (1, 0.5 and 0.1 wt%) dissolved in distilled water. Dentin proteins were extracted from each experimental group and electrophoresed under non-reducing conditions in 10% SDS-PAGE containing fluoresceinlabeled gelatin. After 48 h in the incubation buffer at 37 °C, proteolytic activity was registered under long-wave UV light scanner and quantified by using Image J software. Furthermore, additional teeth (n = 4) were prepared for the in situ zymographic analysis in unrestored as well as restored dentin pretreated with the same chitosan primers. The registered enzymatic activity was directly proportional to the chitosan concentration and higher in the restored dentin groups (p &lt; 0.05), except for the 0.1% chitosan primer. Chitosan 0.1% only showed faint expression of enzymatic activity compared to 1% and 0.5% concentrations. Chitosan 0.1% dissolved in water can produce significant reduction in MMPs activity and could possibly contribute to bond strength preservation over time

Glucose uptake in Prochlorococcus: diversity of kinetics and effects on the metabolism

We have previously shown that Prochlorococcus sp. SS120 strain takes up glucose by using a multiphasic transporter encoded by the Pro1404 gene. Here, we studied the glucose uptake kinetics in multiple Prochlorococcus strains from different ecotypes, observing diverse values for the Ks constants (15–126.60 nM) and the uptake rates (0.48–6.36 pmol min-1 mg prot-1). Multiphasic kinetics was observed in all studied strains, except for TAK9803-2. Pro1404 gene expression studies during the 21st Atlantic Meridional Transect cruise showed positive correlation with glucose concentrations in the ocean. This suggests that the Pro1404 transporter has been subjected to diversification along the Prochlorococcus evolution, in a process probably driven by the glucose availabilities at the different niches it inhabits. The glucose uptake mechanism seems to be a primary transporter. Glucose addition induced detectable transcriptomic and proteomic changes in Prochlorococcus SS120, but photosynthetic efficiency was unaffected. Our studies indicate that glucose is actively taken up by Prochlorococcus, but its uptake does not significantly alter the trophic ways of this cyanobacterium, which continues performing photosynthesis. Therefore Prochlorococcus seems to remain acting as a fundamentally phototrophic organism, capable of using glucose as an extra resource of carbon and energy when available in the environment