PENGARUH TINGKAT PENAMBAHAN Aspergillus Niger PADA HAYLASE COMPLETE FEED BERBASIS BAGAS TEBU DAN KOTORAN AYAM KERING TERHADAP KANDUNGAN Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) DAN SELULOSA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji Pengaruh Tingkat Penambahan Aspergillus niger Pada Haylase Complete Feed Berbasis Bagas Tebu dan Kotoran Ayam Kering terhadap Kandungan NDF dan Selulosa. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagas tebu dan kotoran ayam kering dan Aspergillus niger. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode percobaan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakukan dan masing-masing diulang 3 kali dengan fermentasi P1= 6 ml, P2= 8 ml dan P3= 10 ml dalam 1 kg bahan. Data hasil pengujian dianalisis ragam (anova) jika ada pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa masing-masing perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata(P<0.01) menurunkan kandungan NDF dan Selulosa. Adapun nilai rata-rata kandungan (%) NDF yaitu P0= 64,80%d, P1= 61,84%c, P2= 59,45%b P3= 55,34%a. Sedangkan nilai rata-rata kandungan (%) Selulosa yaitu P0= 27,73%c, P1= 25,34%b, P2= 24,26%a, P3= 24,16%a. Disimpulkan bahwatingkat penambahan kapang Aspergillus niger dalam haylase complete feed berbasis bagas tebu dan kotoran ayam kering dengan lama fermentasi 7 hari dapat menurunkan kandungan (%) NDF dan (%) Selulosa. Tingkat penambahan Aspergillus niger menghasilkan kandungan NDF dan Selulosa terendah pada dosis 10 ml dalam 1 kg bahan, dengan kandungan NDF P3=55,34% danSelulosa P3=24,16%. Untuk mendapatkan hasil complete feed yang lebih baik disarankan menggunakan Aspergillus niger dengan dosis 10ml/ 1 kg bahanKata Kunci : Aspergilus niger, Haylase Complete Feed, NDF, Selul

PENGARUH ALKALINASI LARUTAN KAPUR DAN FERMENTASI JERAMI JAGUNG MENGGUNAKAN Aspergillus niger TERHADAP KANDUNGAN BAHAN EKSTRAK TANPA NITROGEN DAN KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING, BAHAN ORGANIK SECARA IN VITRO

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh alkalinasi larutan kapur dan fermentasi jerami jagung menggunakan Aspergillus niger terhadap kandungan bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN) dan kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), bahan organik (KcBO) secara in vitro. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jerami jagung yang dipanen pada umur 90 hari sebanyak15 kg dalam bentuk asfed. Metode penelitian ini adalah percobaan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola Faktorial ortogonal 3 x 3, masing-masing diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Penambahan kapur Ca(OH)2 (b/b) 4%, 5% dan 6% kemudian masing-masing difermentasi Aspergillus niger 1,02 x 108 dengan dosis 3ml, 4ml dan 5ml ditambah kontrol tanpa alkalinasi dan fermentasi. Data hasil yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam (ANOVA) dua arah dan dilanjutkandengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Dari Hasil analisa ragam menunjukkn pengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap nilai kandungan BETN, KcBK dan KcBO. Nilai rataan BETN, KcBK dan KcBO masing-masing berkisar (46,70%-51,85%), (40,96%-62,16%), (32,88%-48,72%). Nilai rataan kontrol BETN, KcBK dan KcBO (53,41%, 37,88%, 30,66%). Disimpulkan bahwaperlakuan alkalinasi dan fermentasi pada jerami jagung sangat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas pakan jerami jagung.Kata kunci: jerami jagung, alkalinasi, fermentasi, BETN, KcBK dan KcB

PENGARUH FREKUENSI PEMUPUKAN BIO URIN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN ZPT ORGANIK SEBAGAI PUPUK DAUN PADA RUMPUT ODOT (Pennisetum purpureum CV. Mott) TERHADAP KANDUNGAN LEMAK KASAR, SERAT KASAR DAN BAHAN EKSTRAK TANPA NITROGEN

This research aims to know the values of the coarse fiber (SK), the fat rude (LK) and Extract Without Nitrogen in grass Odot. The material used in this research is the grass odot. The method of this research is to experiment with a random Design complete (RAL) Factorial pattern 3 x 3 orthogonal, each repeated three times as much. factors in use i.e. spraying frequency and dose bio urine. Todose 5% done spraying 1 time, to 10% in dose do spraying twice and for doses 15% done spraying 3 times plus control without spraying frequency and dose bio urine. Data results obtained were analyzed (ANOVA) range two way if any real influence continued with the smallest Real Difference Test (BNT). From the results of the analysis of the influence of the menunjukkn variety is evident (P <0.01) against the value of the fat content of coarse, BETN and influential real (P < 0.05) for Rough fiber. Value rataan LK, SK and BETN each range (2.46%-3.51%), (20,67-27,88%), (46,74-53,85). Value control rataan LK, SK and BETN (2.22, 28.50, 42.35). So in this study it can be concluded that thetreatment of spraying frequency and dose bio urine on grass odot is very influential to the quality content of grass odotKeywords: bio of urine spraying frequency, grass odot, LK, SK, and BET

PEMBINAAN USAHA PETERNAKAN SAPI PERAH ANGGOTA KOPERASI UNIT DESA (DEVELOPMENT OF DAIR COW FARMING BUSINESS IN VILLAGE UNIT COOPERATIVE MEMBERS)

Abstrak: Program IPTEKS bagi masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peternak dalam usaha peternakan sapi perah secara intensif serta penanganan limbah kotoran sapi sebagai bahan pembuatan biogas sebagai energi alternatif murah yang menguntungkan dan bahan pembuatan pupuk kompos. Metode yang digunakan oleh tim pengabdi adalah penyuluhan, merenovasi digester dan instalasi biogas, formulasi pakan TMR sapi perah dan pendampingan manajemen pemeliharaan sapi perah. Hasil kegiatan program pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa semua kegiatan ditanggapi dengan baik oleh peternak sapi perah dan proaktif dalam semua kegiatan baik saat penyuluhan, pembinaan, demo petak formula pakan TMR, renovasi instalasi biogas dan pendampingan usaha dalam 2 minggu akhir. Selanjutnya peternak menerapkan pengetahuan yang diperoleh dengan meningkatkan manajemen intensif produksi sapi perah, pemberian pakan hijauan jagung dan rumput gajah yang dicacah untuk membantu pencernaan dan tidak tercecer, penggunaan pakan TMR meliputi hijauan pakan sebanyak 10% bobot badan ditambah konsentrat setengah tanaman produksi susu (kg/ekor/hari) dapat memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi baik BK, Protein dan energy TDN sehingga dapat meningkatkan produksi susu lebih dari 14 liter/ekor/hari yang berdampak pada pendapatan petani meningkat.Abstract:  Program of science and technology for society is aimed to increase knowledge and skill of breeder in intensive dairy farming business as well as handling of cow faeces waste as material of biogas production of cheap alternative energy that profitable. The method used by the devotees team are counseling, fermentation of feed from local agroindustry waste and concentrate formula, biogas installation, coaching and business assistance. The results show that all activities are well responded by dairy farmers and proactive in all activities both during counseling, fostering, feed fermentation plots demo and business assistance. Furthermore, farmers apply the knowledge obtained by improving intensive management of dairy cattle production, feeding forage of maize and elephant grass that is enumerated to aid digestion and not scattered, forage assessment of 10% body weight plus concentrate of half milk production (kg/head/day) can meet meet the nutritional needs of both BK, protein and TDN energy so that it can increase milk production by more than 14 liters/head/day which impacts the income of farmers increases.

PENGARUH TINGKAT PENGGUNAAN ECENG GONDOK TERFERMENTASI DALAM PAKAN TERHADAP PERFORMAN ITIK PEDAGING JENIS HIBRIDA UMUR 30 – 45 HARI

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan eceng gondok terfermentasi dalam pakan terhadap performan itik pedaging jenis hibrida umur 30 – 45 hari.  Penelitian di laksanakan di desa Bangelan Kecamatan wonosari Kabupaten Malang.  Menggunakan metode Percobaan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan.  Perlakuan terdiri atas 5 ransum yang berbeda tingkat penggunaan eceng gondok terfermentasi (EGTF) yaitu 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% dan 20% dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata - rata jumlah konsumsi pakan P0 = 1881,25a g/ekor. ; P1 = 1900,00 ab g/ekor. ; P2 = 1918,75 abc g/ekor. ; P3 = 1937,50bc g/ekor. dan P4 = 1943,75c g/ekor.   pertambahan bobot badan tidak memberikan pengaruh  nyata (P> 0,05).  Nilai rata - rata  P0 = 621,00 g/ekor. ; P1 = 611,25 g/ekor. ; P2 = 595,00 g/ekor. ; P3 = 590,00 g/ekor. ; P4 = 565,00 g/ekor.  Perlakuan pakan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P<0,05).  Terhadap konversi pakan dari hasil diperoleh nilai rata - rata dan uji BNT (5%).  Pada konversi pakan selama penelitian yaitu P0 = 3,03a. ; P1 = 3,12ab. ; P2 = 3,23abc. ; P3 = 3,29bc dan P4 = 3,45c. Dengan Penggunaan Sampai (10%) menunjukkan pengaruh yang sama terhadap  konversi pakan dan pertambahan bobot badan. Kata kunci : Eceng Gondok, Itik Pedaging, Aspergillus niger, Pemberia

PENGARUH FREKUENSI PEMUPUKAN BIO URIN PLUS ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH ORGANIK SEBAGAI PUPUK DAUN PADA RUMPUT ODOT (Pennisetum Purpureum CV. Mott) TERHADAP NILAI KECERNAAN IN VITRO BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai kecernaan in vitro bahan kering, dan bahanorganik dalam rumput odot pengaruh frekuensi pemupukan bio urin plus zat pengatur tumbuhorganik sebagai pupuk daun. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rumput Odotumur 40 hari, bio urin yang mengandung zat pengatur tumbuh. Penelitian menggunakan metodepercobaan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola Faktorial ortogonal 3 x 3, masingmasing diulang sebanyak 3 kali dengan faktor Penyemprotan 1 kali, 2 kali dan 3 kali dan dosissebesar 5%, 10% dan 15% dalam air kontrol. Data hasil yang diperoleh dianalisis ragam(ANOVA) dua arah jika ada pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT).Dari Hasil analisa ragam menunjukkn pengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap nilaikecernaan in vitro bahan kering dan bahan organik. Nilai rata-rata kecernaan in vitro bahankering dan bahan organik masing-masing adalah pada P1B1=52,48a, P3B1=55,85b,P1B2=55,95b, P1B3=56,40b, P2B2=58,14bc, P2B3=58,48bc, P2B1=59,42cd, P3B2=60,32cd ,P3B3=62,18d, dan bahan organik P1B1=38,76a, P3B1=42,19b, P1B2=43,41b, P1B3=43,65b,P2B2=47,82c, P2B3=48,72cd, P2B1=49,37cd, P3B2=49,56cd, P3B3=50,80d. Nilai rata-rataperlakuan kontrol pada kecernaan in vitro bahan kering dan organik masing-masing yaitu51,53% dan 38,53%. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa frekuensi pemupukan bio urinplus zat pengatur tumbuh dan dosis bio urin dapat meningkatkan kecernaan in vitro bahankering dan kecernaan in vitro bahan organik yaitu 57,69% dan 46,03%.Kata kunci :biourin, ZPT, kecernaan in vitro bahan kering dan bahan organik

A new physiological model for studying the effect of chest compression and ventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: The Thiel cadaver

BACKGROUND: Studying ventilation and intrathoracic pressure (ITP) induced by chest compressions (CC) during Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation is challenging and important aspects such as airway closure have been mostly ignored. We hypothesized that Thiel Embalmed Cadavers could constitute an appropriate model. METHODS: We assessed respiratory mechanics and ITP during CC in 11 cadavers, and we compared it to measurements obtained in 9 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients and to predicted values from a bench model. An oesophageal catheter was inserted to assess chest wall compliance, and ITP variation (ΔITP). Airway pressure variation (ΔPaw) at airway opening and ΔITP generated by CC were measured at decremental positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) to test its impact on flow and ΔPaw. The patient\u27s data were derived from flow and airway pressure captured via the ventilator during resuscitation. RESULTS: Resistance and Compliance of the respiratory system were comparable to those of the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients (C 42 ± 12 vs C 37.3 ± 10.9 mL/cmHO and Res 17.5 ± 7.5 vs Res 20.2 ± 5.3 cmHO/L/sec), and remained stable over time. During CC, ΔITP varied from 32 ± 12 cmHO to 69 ± 14 cmHO with manual and automatic CC respectively. Transmission of ΔITP at the airway opening was significantly affected by PEEP, suggesting dynamic small airway closure at low lung volumes. This phenomenon was similarly observed in patients. CONCLUSION: Respiratory mechanics and dynamic pressures during CC of cadavers behave as predicted by a theoretical model and similarly to patients. The Thiel model is a suitable to assess ITP variations induced by ventilation during CC

A remarkable case of HbH disease illustrates the relative contributions of the alpha-globin enhancers to gene expression

Genetics of disease, diagnosis and treatmen

Ibrutinib for Relapsed / Refractory CLL: A UK and Ireland Analysis of Outcomes in 315 patients

In 2014, ibrutinib was made available for relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) patients. The UK CLL Forum collected data from UK/Ireland patients with a minimum of 1 year follow-up with pre-planned primary endpoints; the number of patients still on therapy at 1 year (Discontinuation Free Survival; DFS) and 1 year overall survival (OS). With a median 16 months follow-up, data on 315 patients demonstrated 1 year DFS of 73.7% and 1 year OS of 83.8%. Patients with better pre-treatment performance status (PS 0/1 vs 2+) had superior DFS (77.5% vs 61.3%;p14 days and had OS of 89.7%, while 26% of patients had dose reductions and 13% had temporary treatment breaks >14 days. We could not demonstrate a detrimental effect of dose reductions alone (1 year OS: 91.7%), but patients who had first year treatment breaks > 14 days, particularly permanent cessation of ibrutinib had both reduced 1 year OS (68.5%) and also a statistically significant excess mortality rate beyond one year. Although outcomes appear inferior to the RESONATE trial (1 year OS;90%: PFS;84%), this may partly reflect the inclusion of PS 2+ patients and that 17.5% of patients permanently discontinued ibrutinib due to an event other than disease progression

An international collaborative evaluation of central serous chorioretinopathy: different therapeutic approaches and review of literature. The European Vitreoretinal Society central serous chorioretinopathy study

Purpose: To study and compare the efficacy of different therapeutic options for the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR). Methods: This is a nonrandomized, international multicentre study on 1719 patients (1861 eyes) diagnosed with CSCR, from 63 centres (24 countries). Reported data included different methods of treatment and both results of diagnostic examinations [fluorescein angiography and/or optical coherent tomography (OCT)] and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before and after therapy. The duration of observation had a mean of 11&nbsp;months but was extended in a minority of cases up to 7&nbsp;years. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the different therapeutic options of CSCR in terms of both visual (BCVA) and anatomic (OCT) improvement. Results: One thousand seven hundred nineteen patients (1861 eyes) diagnosed with CSCR were included. Treatments performed were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops, laser photocoagulation, micropulse diode laser photocoagulation, photodynamic therapy (PDT; Standard PDT, Reduced-dose PDT, Reduced-fluence PDT), intravitreal (IVT) antivascular endothelial growth factor injection (VEGF), observation and other treatments. The list of the OTHERS included both combinations of the main proposed treatments or a variety of other treatments such as eplerenone, spironolactone, acetazolamide, beta-blockers, anti-anxiety drugs, aspirin, folic acid, methotrexate, statins, vitis vinifera extract medication and pars plana vitrectomy. The majority of the patients were men with a prevalence of 77%. The odds ratio (OR) showed a partial or complete resolution of fluid on OCT with any treatment as compared with observation. In univariate analysis, the anatomical result (improvement in subretinal fluid using OCT at 1&nbsp;month) was favoured by age &lt;60&nbsp;years (p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.005), no previous observation (p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.0002), duration less than 3&nbsp;months (p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.0001), absence of CSCR in the fellow eye (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.04), leakage outside of the arcade (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.05) and fluid height &gt;500&nbsp;\u3bcm (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.03). The OR for obtaining partial or complete resolution showed that anti-VEGF and eyedrops were not statistically significant; whereas PDT (8.5), thermal laser (11.3) and micropulse laser (8.9) lead to better anatomical results with less variability. In univariate analysis, the functional result at 1&nbsp;month was favoured by first episode (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.04), height of subretinal fluid &gt;500&nbsp;\u3bcm (p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.0001) and short duration of observation (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.02). Finally, there was no statistically significant difference among the treatments at 12&nbsp;months. Conclusion: Spontaneous resolution has been described in a high percentage of patients. Laser (micropulse and thermal) and PDT seem to lead to significant early anatomical improvement; however, there is little change beyond the first month of treatment. The real visual benefit needs further clarification