Alessandra Avanzini éd., Khor Rori Report 1.

Le site de Khor Rori se trouve sur la côte omanaise, à une cinquantaine de kilomètres à l’est du port de Salalah, au débouché du wadi Darbat. C’est un port, probablement fondé vers la fin du ier siècle av. J.-C., dont l’origine est liée au royaume du Hadhramawt, et la fortune au développement du commerce maritime jusqu’au début du iiie siècle. Communément dénommé « Sumhuram », alors que ce terme désigne un roi probablement de la fin du ier s. av. J.-C., il pourrait être identifié au Moscha Li..

Synthesis of Functionalized Few-Layer Graphene Through Fast Electrochemical Expansion of Graphite

International audienc

8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine as a biomarker of oxidative damage in oesophageal cancer patients: lack of association with antioxidant vitamins and polymorphism of hOGG1 and GST

International audienceThe present report was designed to investigate the origins of elevated oxidative stress measured in cancer patients in our previous work related to a case-control study (17 cases, 43 controls) on oesophageal cancers. The aim was to characterize the relationship between the levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), antioxidant vitamins and genetic susceptibility

G1 phase arrest by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY 294002 is correlated to up-regulation of p27Kip1 and inhibition of G1 CDKs in choroidal melanoma cells

AbstractWe have investigated the effect of the flavonoid derivative LY 294002, a potent and selective phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, on cell cycle progression in human choroidal melanoma cells. We demonstrate that LY 294002 induces a specific G1 block in asynchronously growing cells leading to an almost complete inhibition of cell proliferation after three days of treatment. When melanoma cells are released from a nocodazole-induced G2/M block, LY 294002 is shown to delay and greatly restrain the G1/S transition. The inhibitor is able to exert its action as long as it is added during the G1 progression and before the cells enter in S phase. We report that the LY 294002-induced G1 arrest is closely correlated to inhibition of CDK4 and CDK2 activities leading to the impairment of pRb phosphorylation which normally occurs during G1 progression. While the inhibition of CDK4 may be attributed at least in part to the decline in CDK4 protein level, CDK2 activity reduction is rather due to the up-regulation of the CDK inhibitor p27Kip1 and to its increased association to CDK2

Scaling migrations to communities: An empirical case of migration network in the Arctic

Seasonal migrants transport energy, nutrients, contaminants, parasites and diseases, while also connecting distant food webs between communities and ecosystems, which contributes to structuring meta-communities and meta-ecosystems. However, we currently lack a framework to characterize the structure of the spatial connections maintained by all migratory species reproducing or wintering in a given community. Here, we use a network approach to represent and characterize migratory pathways at the community level and provide an empirical description of this pattern from a High-Arctic terrestrial community. We define community migration networks as multipartite networks representing different biogeographic regions connected with a focal community through the seasonal movements of its migratory species. We focus on the Bylot Island High-Arctic terrestrial community, a summer breeding ground for several migratory species. We define the non-breeding range of each species using tracking devices, or range maps refined by flyways and habitat types. We show that the migratory species breeding on Bylot Island are found across hundreds of ecoregions on several continents during the non-breeding period and present a low spatial overlap. The migratory species are divided into groups associated with different sets of ecoregions. The non-random structure observed in our empirical community migration network suggests evolutionary and geographic constraints as well as ecological factors act to shape migrations at the community level. Overall, our study provides a simple and generalizable framework as a starting point to better integrate migrations at the community level. Our framework is a far-reaching tool that could be adapted to address the seasonal transport of energy, contaminants, parasites and diseases in ecosystems, as well as trophic interactions in communities with migratory species

New Advanced Technologies to Provide Decentralised and Secure Access to Medical Records: Case Studies in Oncology

The main problem for health professionals and patients in accessing information is that this information is very often distributed over many medical records and locations. This problem is particularly acute in cancerology because patients may be treated for many years and undergo a variety of examinations. Recent advances in technology make it feasible to gain access to medical records anywhere and anytime, allowing the physician or the patient to gather information from an “ephemeral electronic patient record”. However, this easy access to data is accompanied by the requirement for improved security (confidentiality, traceability, integrity, ...) and this issue needs to be addressed. In this paper we propose and discuss a decentralised approach based on recent advances in information sharing and protection: Grid technologies and watermarking methodologies. The potential impact of these technologies for oncology is illustrated by the examples of two experimental cases: a cancer surveillance network and a radiotherapy treatment plan. It is expected that the proposed approach will constitute the basis of a future secure “google-like” access to medical records

A mesofluidic multiplex immunosensor for detection of circulating cytokeratin-positive cells in the blood of breast cancer patients

We have recently reported the analytical performance of an immunosensor comprising one mm-scale parallel plate laminar flow chamber and applied to capture MCF7 breast cancer cells (Ehrhart et al., Biosens. Bioelectr. 24, 467, 2008). Herein we present a new multiplex immunosensor embodying four parallel plate laminar flow chambers that fit onto a standard, functionalized, microscopy glass slide. The four surfaces are coated with long alkyl chain spacers of 21-aminohenicosyl trichlorosilane (AHTS) and then grafted with a monoclonal anti-human epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) antibody specific of target cells to immobilize. We first demonstrate a significantly (P < 0.01) improved capacity of each of the four flow chambers of the multiplex immunosensor to capture MCF7 cells compared to the previous single chamber device. Second, in addition to an increase of cell immobilization, the multiplex device offers a versatile tool easily grafted with various purified antibodies onto the four surfaces. Third, we obtained high cell capture rate and efficiency of various numbers of MCF7 cells spiked in buffer containing an equal number of background leukocytes. And fourth, we demonstrate isolation efficiency of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from peripheral blood drawn from a small cohort of patients with localized or metastatic breast cancer. This new multiplex immunosensor could be tested for its potential to capture different subpopulations of CTCs

Les signes en société

Stéphane Breton, maître de conférences Anthropologie du regard : le cinéma documentaire et l’expérience ethnographique (2) Le propre de la prise de vues, qu’elle soit photographique ou cinématographique – ce qui revient au même du point de vue technique –, est qu’elle enregistre l’instant exact de son opération. À cet égard, parmi tous les arts, elle est unique. Son image ne relève pas du registre de la représentation, ni même seulement de la reproduction, mais de l’enregistrement, dans leque..