A economia de imagens – Arte sacra católica depois do Vaticano II

The urge to debug the sacred space of all excessive ornament and meaningless elements, as well as the radicalization of modern ideals connected to essentialism, sincerity and functionalism lead us to a question: Could the 1960s be seen as a time of a withering sacred art, with the exception of architecture? The paper deals with the source for those conceptions and the role played by the Vatican II (1962-1965) in the process.A ânsia de depurar o espaço sagrado de toda ornamentação excessiva e sem significado, assim como a radicalização das exigências modernas quanto ao essencialismo, sinceridade e funcionalismo, nos leva a uma indagação: a década de 1960 poderia ser vista como marco de fenecimento da arte sacra nos templos católicos, com exceção da arquitetura? O artigo tenta refletir sobre a origem destes ideais, já presentes no período anterior, e o papel desempenhado pelo Concílio Vaticano II (1962-1965) nesse processo

The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment: Exploring Fundamental Symmetries of the Universe

The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay --- these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, its current state and its eventual fate. The Long-Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) represents an extensively developed plan for a world-class experiment dedicated to addressing these questions. LBNE is conceived around three central components: (1) a new, high-intensity neutrino source generated from a megawatt-class proton accelerator at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, (2) a near neutrino detector just downstream of the source, and (3) a massive liquid argon time-projection chamber deployed as a far detector deep underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility. This facility, located at the site of the former Homestake Mine in Lead, South Dakota, is approximately 1,300 km from the neutrino source at Fermilab -- a distance (baseline) that delivers optimal sensitivity to neutrino charge-parity symmetry violation and mass ordering effects. This ambitious yet cost-effective design incorporates scalability and flexibility and can accommodate a variety of upgrades and contributions. With its exceptional combination of experimental configuration, technical capabilities, and potential for transformative discoveries, LBNE promises to be a vital facility for the field of particle physics worldwide, providing physicists from around the globe with opportunities to collaborate in a twenty to thirty year program of exciting science. In this document we provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess.Comment: Major update of previous version. This is the reference document for LBNE science program and current status. Chapters 1, 3, and 9 provide a comprehensive overview of LBNE's scientific objectives, its place in the landscape of neutrino physics worldwide, the technologies it will incorporate and the capabilities it will possess. 288 pages, 116 figure

Common, low-frequency, rare, and ultra-rare coding variants contribute to COVID-19 severity

The combined impact of common and rare exonic variants in COVID-19 host genetics is currently insufficiently understood. Here, common and rare variants from whole-exome sequencing data of about 4000 SARS-CoV-2-positive individuals were used to define an interpretable machine-learning model for predicting COVID-19 severity. First, variants were converted into separate sets of Boolean features, depending on the absence or the presence of variants in each gene. An ensemble of LASSO logistic regression models was used to identify the most informative Boolean features with respect to the genetic bases of severity. The Boolean features selected by these logistic models were combined into an Integrated PolyGenic Score that offers a synthetic and interpretable index for describing the contribution of host genetics in COVID-19 severity, as demonstrated through testing in several independent cohorts. Selected features belong to ultra-rare, rare, low-frequency, and common variants, including those in linkage disequilibrium with known GWAS loci. Noteworthily, around one quarter of the selected genes are sex-specific. Pathway analysis of the selected genes associated with COVID-19 severity reflected the multi-organ nature of the disease. The proposed model might provide useful information for developing diagnostics and therapeutics, while also being able to guide bedside disease management. © 2021, The Author(s)

Genetic mechanisms of critical illness in COVID-19.

Host-mediated lung inflammation is present1, and drives mortality2, in the critical illness caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Host genetic variants associated with critical illness may identify mechanistic targets for therapeutic development3. Here we report the results of the GenOMICC (Genetics Of Mortality In Critical Care) genome-wide association study in 2,244 critically ill patients with COVID-19 from 208 UK intensive care units. We have identified and replicated the following new genome-wide significant associations: on chromosome 12q24.13 (rs10735079, P = 1.65 × 10-8) in a gene cluster that encodes antiviral restriction enzyme activators (OAS1, OAS2 and OAS3); on chromosome 19p13.2 (rs74956615, P = 2.3 × 10-8) near the gene that encodes tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2); on chromosome 19p13.3 (rs2109069, P = 3.98 ×  10-12) within the gene that encodes dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9); and on chromosome 21q22.1 (rs2236757, P = 4.99 × 10-8) in the interferon receptor gene IFNAR2. We identified potential targets for repurposing of licensed medications: using Mendelian randomization, we found evidence that low expression of IFNAR2, or high expression of TYK2, are associated with life-threatening disease; and transcriptome-wide association in lung tissue revealed that high expression of the monocyte-macrophage chemotactic receptor CCR2 is associated with severe COVID-19. Our results identify robust genetic signals relating to key host antiviral defence mechanisms and mediators of inflammatory organ damage in COVID-19. Both mechanisms may be amenable to targeted treatment with existing drugs. However, large-scale randomized clinical trials will be essential before any change to clinical practice

Riociguat treatment in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: Final safety data from the EXPERT registry

Objective: The soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator riociguat is approved for the treatment of adult patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and inoperable or persistent/recurrent chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) following Phase

Modernismo e Tradição na Arte Religiosa - a querela da Pampulha

The outburst of criticism received in the 1940s and 1950s by the Church of St Francis of Pampulha, built by Oscar Niemeyer and its mural paintings by Cândido Portinari, can be interpreted as a paradigm of the tensions caused by the clash between two apparently incompatible items: the traditional values of sacred art and the modern form.The outburst of criticism received in the 1940s and 1950s by the Church of St Francis of Pampulha, built by Oscar Niemeyer and its mural paintings by Cândido Portinari, can be interpreted as a paradigm of the tensions caused by the clash between two apparently incompatible items: the traditional values of sacred art and the modern form.A querela gerada pela reação de setores do clero, intelectualidade e população contra a Igreja de São Francisco de Assis da Pampulha, de Oscar Niemeyer e seus murais, de Cândido Portinari, nas décadas de 1940-50 é entendida aqui como paradgmática das tensões reveladas pelo encontro de dois vetores aparentemente incompatíveis: os valores tradicionais da arte sacra e as formas modernas. &nbsp

MARIANISMO E ICONOGRAFIA NOS PRIMÓRDIOS DA IGREJA CATÓLICA: A ANUNCIAÇÃO À VIRGEM MARIA

This paper studies the iconography of Mary as the virgin mother of God, especially the scenes referring to the Annunciation by the angel, those images being related to theological standpoints adopted at different times by the Church. The period thus covered begins at the fourth century and ends at the twelfth

A"arma da cultura" e os "universalismos parciais"

Neste artigo, parto da indagação sobre a relativa inabilidade dos evangélicos no Brasil em "empunharem a arma da cultura". Enquanto agentes de outras religiões, em especial, católicos e afro-brasileiros, investiram em negociações e subordinações do "religioso" ao "cultural" - como estratégia de ganho em termos de reconhecimento e de legitimidade social via inclusão de si no leque da diversidade cultural que compõe a nação - os evangélicos tendem a desenvolver relações externalistas com as políticas culturais propostas pelo Estado e por agências transnacionais de aporte secular. Com base em dados etnográficos, sugiro que as hesitações e as ambiguidades dos evangélicos em relação a estas políticas estão relacionadas a um engajamento mais básico de produção de "universalismos parciais", ou seja, faz parte da "cultura evangélica" manter vínculos tensos, de aceitação e rejeição, entre as visões de mundo convencionalmente aceitas no contexto.<br>In the present article, I begin by inquiring about the relative inability of Brazilian evangelical Christians to utilize "culture as a weapon". While agents of other religions - and in particular Catholics and members of African-Brazilian religions - have negotiated a certain subordination of the "religious" to the "cultural" as a strategy of increasing their ecognittion and social legitimacy by including themselves in the set of "cultures" which make up the nation, Evangelical Christians have ended to develop extenalist relationships with the cultural policies proposed by the state and by transnational secular agencies. Based on ethnographic data, the present article suggests that the hesitations and ambiguities of the Evangelicals with regards to these politics are related to a more basic engagement with the production of "partial universalisms". In other words, I argue that is a constituitive part of Evangelical Christian culture to maintain tense linkages of acceptance or rejection with those visions of the world that are conventionally accepted within this context

Sentidos de prática pedagógica na produção brasileira sobre formação inicial de professores de ciências (2000-2010)

No presente trabalho, pretendemos propor um quadro analítico para caracterizar os sentidos de prática construídos no campo de pesquisa da formação de professores, a partir da análise da produção sobre formação de professores de ciências no Brasil. Nossa investigação ancora-se na perspectiva de que o contexto da pesquisa científica sobre formação de professores constrói significados, os quais são reproduzidos e ressignificados nos cotidianos escolares, nos percursos formativos de professores de ciências e licenciandos, nas concepções de sucesso e fracasso da escola. Nosso trabalho, portanto, tem o potencial de contribuir para compreendermos como são estruturadas visões sobre o professor em formação e sobre sua prática. A partir dos modelos de ação propostos por Jürgen Habermas, desenvolvemos uma análise de como o objeto de estudo prática pedagógica é construído nos textos de artigos publicados em periódicos nacionaisQualis A de educação em ciências no período de 2000-2010. Os resultados de nossas análises indicam que há uma tendência a compreender a prática como ação estratégica direcionada ao mundo dos objetos escolares, seus métodos e seus materiais. A prática como ação comunicativa, a qual se direciona à escola como pertencente, simultaneamente, aos mundos objetivo, dramático e das normas, é sensivelmente presente nos devires da prática pedagógica