Animal Cell Diseases: A Scientometric Mapping of Highly Cited papers

The published article receives the number of Citations are measure of its impact in the scientific community. This study identifies the Highly cited articles on Animal Cell Diseases. Publications are identified using the Web of Science by Clarivate Analytics. A search was performed using “Animal Cell Diseases” with topic field. The 526 top-cited articles were selected, analyzed and Visualized. The most cited manuscripts appeared 208 journals, 3340 authors, 729 Institutions from 39 Countries. The citation counts for these articles ranged from 500-6157. 95 % of articles are were published between 1992-2012 and highest number of citations registered between 2000-2008. The most cited articles are: The most cited one is “Apel K, Hirt H Reactive oxygen species: Metabolism, oxidative stress, and signal transduction ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY. 2004; 55: 373-399” with 6157 citations and authors are from Switzerland and Austria followed by “Xu HY, Barnes GT, Yang Q, Tan Q, Yang DS, et al.Chronic inflammation in fat plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related insulin resistance JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION. 2003 DEC; 112 (12): 1821-1830” with 4398 Citations authors from USA, “Donehower La, Harvey M, Slagle Bl, Mcarthur Mj, Montgomery Ca, Et Al.Mice Deficient For P53 Are Developmentally Normal But Susceptible To Spontaneous Tumors Nature. 1992 Mar 19; 356 (6366): 215-221” with 3926 Citations from USA. The time of publication, field of study, nature of the work, and the journal in which the work appears are possible determinants of the likelihood of citation and impact

Glare Reducing Windscreen Using Principle of Selective Reflection

ABSTRACT:Automobiles are prone to accidents due to glare effect at night. The scope of this research is to reduce the glare. Theconcept of Electrochromic glass was used. A windscreen was made up of a pair of float glass enclosed with Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystals. The liquid crystal material exhibited a property of selective reflection of incident light. A liquid crystal material E48 was used for this purpose and the results were studied. The wavelength of light within a narrow range which caused glare was selectively reflected. This resulted in reduced intensity of glare thus protecting the driver from glare during night travel

Teacher Questioning in Problem Solving in Community College Algebra Classrooms

In this chapter, we focus on the ways two community college instructors worked with students to demonstrate the solution of contextualized algebra problems in their college algebra lessons. We use two classroom episodes to illustrate how they sought to elicit students' mathematical ideas of algebraic topics, attending primarily to teachers' questioning approaches. We found that the instructors mostly asked questions of lower cognitive demand and used a variety of approaches to elicit the mathematical ideas of the problems, such as using examples relevant to the students and dividing the problems into smaller tasks, that together help identify a solution. We conclude by offering considerations for instruction at community colleges and potential areas for professional development

Analysis of Water Well Quality Drilling Around Waste Disposal Site in Makassar City Indonesia

Abstract. Clean water is one of human need which is very important in carrying out its life. Therefore, this article analyzes the quality of the well water dug around the landfill. The method used is a well water well sample taken from 4 wells around a landfill taken by a purposive sampling at a different distance. The parameters measured are physical, chemical, and biological properties. The results of the analysis were then compared with the standard of drinking water quality criteria allowed under The Regulation of Health Minister of Indonesia No. 416 year 1990 on the Terms and Supervision of Water Quality of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. The result of the research shows that there are two wells whose water quality does not meet the physical requirement i.e Location of Points II and III, based on the construction of wells also does not meet the requirements of the wells in general. While at the well Locations Point I and IV the quality of water physically, chemically and biologically as well as well construction qualify. From the result of this research, the researcher give suggestion of the need to improve the physical condition of dug wells, it is necessary to do the extension to the well water user community for drinking water about the physical condition of the dug well, the need to monitor and supervise the quality of drinking water, and should involve the community to independently meet the needs absolute i.e clean water to drink

ASD and schizophrenia show distinct developmental profiles in common genetic overlap with population-based social communication difficulties

Difficulties in social communication are part of the phenotypic overlap between autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia. Both conditions follow, however, distinct developmental patterns. Symptoms of ASD typically occur during early childhood, whereas most symptoms characteristic of schizophrenia do not appear before early adulthood. We investigated whether overlap in common genetic in fluences between these clinical conditions and impairments in social communication depends on the developmental stage of the assessed trait. Social communication difficulties were measured in typically-developing youth (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children,N⩽5553, longitudinal assessments at 8, 11, 14 and 17 years) using the Social Communication Disorder Checklist. Data on clinical ASD (PGC-ASD: 5305 cases, 5305 pseudo-controls; iPSYCH-ASD: 7783 cases, 11 359 controls) and schizophrenia (PGC-SCZ2: 34 241 cases, 45 604 controls, 1235 trios) were either obtained through the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) or the Danish iPSYCH project. Overlap in genetic in fluences between ASD and social communication difficulties during development decreased with age, both in the PGC-ASD and the iPSYCH-ASD sample. Genetic overlap between schizophrenia and social communication difficulties, by contrast, persisted across age, as observed within two independent PGC-SCZ2 subsamples, and showed an increase in magnitude for traits assessed during later adolescence. ASD- and schizophrenia-related polygenic effects were unrelated to each other and changes in trait-disorder links reflect the heterogeneity of genetic factors in fluencing social communication difficulties during childhood versus later adolescence. Thus, both clinical ASD and schizophrenia share some genetic in fluences with impairments in social communication, but reveal distinct developmental profiles in their genetic links, consistent with the onset of clinical symptom

The state of ambient air quality in Pakistan—a review

Background and purpose: Pakistan, during the last decade, has seen an extensive escalation in population growth, urbanization, and industrialization, together with a great increase in motorization and energy use. As a result, a substantial rise has taken place in the types and number of emission sources of various air pollutants. However, due to the lack of air quality management capabilities, the country is suffering from deterioration of air quality. Evidence from various governmental organizations and international bodies has indicated that air pollution is a significant risk to the environment, quality of life, and health of the population. The Government has taken positive steps toward air quality management in the form of the Pakistan Clean Air Program and has recently established a small number of continuous monitoring stations. However, ambient air quality standards have not yet been established. This paper reviews the data being available on the criteria air pollutants: particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and lead. Methods: Air pollution studies in Pakistan published in both scientific journals and by the Government have been reviewed and the reported concentrations of PM, SO2, O3, CO, NO2, and Pb collated. A comparison of the levels of these air pollutants with the World Health Organization air quality guidelines was carried out. Results: Particulate matter was the most serious air pollutant in the country. NO2 has emerged as the second high-risk pollutant. The reported levels of PM, SO2, CO, NO2, and Pb were many times higher than the World Health Organization air quality guidelines. Only O3 concentrations were below the guidelines. Conclusions: The current state of air quality calls for immediate action to tackle the poor air quality. The establishment of ambient air quality standards, an extension of the continuous monitoring sites, and the development of emission control strategies are essential. © Springer-Verlag 2009

Fluid Ontologies in the Search for MH370

This paper gives an account of the disappearance of Malaysian Airways Flight MH370 into the southern Indian Ocean in March 2014 and analyses the rare glimpses into remote ocean space this incident opened up. It follows the tenuous clues as to where the aeroplane might have come to rest after it disappeared from radar screens – seven satellite pings, hundreds of pieces of floating debris and six underwater sonic recordings – as ways of entering into and thinking about ocean space. The paper pays attention to and analyses this space on three registers – first, as a fluid, more-than-human materiality with particular properties and agencies; second, as a synthetic situation, a composite of informational bits and pieces scopically articulated and augmented; and third, as geopolitics, delineated by the protocols of international search and rescue. On all three registers – as matter, as data and as law – the ocean is shown to be ontologically fluid, a world defined by movement, flow and flux, posing intractable difficulties for human interactions with it

Congo Basin peatlands: threats and conservation priorities

The recent publication of the first spatially explicit map of peatlands in the Cuvette Centrale, central Congo Basin, reveals it to be the most extensive tropical peatland complex, at ca. 145,500 km2. With an estimated 30.6 Pg of carbon stored in these peatlands, there are now questions about whether these carbon stocks are under threat and, if so, what can be done to protect them. Here, we analyse the potential threats to Congo Basin peat carbon stocks and identify knowledge gaps in relation to these threats, and to how the peatland systems might respond. Climate change emerges as a particularly pressing concern, given its potential to destabilise carbon stocks across the whole area. Socio-economic developments are increasing across central Africa and, whilst much of the peatland area is protected on paper by some form of conservation designation, the potential exists for hydrocarbon exploration, logging, plantations and other forms of disturbance to significantly damage the peatland ecosystems. The low level of human intervention at present suggests that the opportunity still exists to protect the peatlands in a largely intact state, possibly drawing on climate change mitigation funding, which can be used not only to protect the peat carbon pool but also to improve the livelihoods of people living in and around these peatlands