Measurement of the temperature dependence of pulse lengths in an n-type germanium detector

The temperature dependence of the pulse length was measured for an 18-fold segmented n-type germanium detector in the temperature range of 77-120 K. The interactions of 122 keV photons originating from a Europium-152 source were selected and pulses as observed on the core and segment electrodes were studied. In both cases, the temperature dependence can be well described by a Boltzmann-like ansatz.Comment: 17 pages, 2 tables, 13 figures, published in EPJ A

Signal recognition efficiencies of artificial neural-network pulse-shape discrimination in HPGe 0νββ0\nu\beta\beta-decay searches

A pulse-shape discrimination method based on artificial neural networks was applied to pulses simulated for different background, signal and signal-like interactions inside a germanium detector. The simulated pulses were used to investigate variations of efficiencies as a function of used training set. It is verified that neural networks are well-suited to identify background pulses in true-coaxial high-purity germanium detectors. The systematic uncertainty on the signal recognition efficiency derived using signal-like evaluation samples from calibration measurements is estimated to be 5\%. This uncertainty is due to differences between signal and calibration samples

The background in the neutrinoless double beta decay experiment GERDA

The GERmanium Detector Array (GERDA) experiment at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory (LNGS) of INFN is searching for neutrinoless double beta decay of 76Ge. The signature of the signal is a monoenergetic peak at 2039 keV, the Q-value of the decay, Q_bb. To avoid bias in the signal search, the present analysis does not consider all those events, that fall in a 40 keV wide region centered around Q_bb. The main parameters needed for the neutrinoless double beta decay analysis are described. A background model was developed to describe the observed energy spectrum. The model contains several contributions, that are expected on the basis of material screening or that are established by the observation of characteristic structures in the energy spectrum. The model predicts a flat energy spectrum for the blinding window around Q_bb with a background index ranging from 17.6 to 23.8*10^{-3} counts/(keV kg yr). A part of the data not considered before has been used to test if the predictions of the background model are consistent. The observed number of events in this energy region is consistent with the background model. The background at Q-bb is dominated by close sources, mainly due to 42K, 214Bi, 228Th, 60Co and alpha emitting isotopes from the 226Ra decay chain. The individual fractions depend on the assumed locations of the contaminants. It is shown, that after removal of the known gamma peaks, the energy spectrum can be fitted in an energy range of 200 kev around Q_bb with a constant background. This gives a background index consistent with the full model and uncertainties of the same size

Architecture of residential buildings with administrative function in the city of Tyumen at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries

The work considers residential buildings with administrative functions (office, commercial, banking, etc.) in the city of Tyumen of the late XIX – early XX centuries. Planning solutions and architectural and decorative details of these objects of the city's historical development are analyzed. It is established that there were mostly brick and stone two-storied residential buildings (the first floor for work, the second for the owner's living). In addition, there were common features in the facades design: the symmetrical front facade, the geometric attic on the central axis of the front facade, as well as the wide belt separating the floors. Most of these objects have survived until nowadays, but they have lost their original administrative function

Status of the GERDA experiment

The study of neutrinoless double beta (0nbb) decay is the only one presently known approach to the fundamental question if the neutrino is a Majorana particle, i.e. its own anti-particle. The observation of 0nbb decay would prove that lepton number is not conserved, establish that neutrino has a Majorana component and, assuming that light neutrino is the dominating process, provide a method for the determination of its effective mass. GERDA is a new 0nbb decay experiment which is currently taking data at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) of INFN in Italy. It implements a new shielding concept by operating bare diodes made from Ge with enriched 76Ge in high purity liquid argon supplemented by a water shield. The aim of GERDA is to verify or refute the recent claim of discovery, and, in a second phase, to achieve a two orders of magnitude lower background index than past experiments, to increase the sensitive mass and to collect an exposure of 100 kg yr. The paper will discuss design, physics reach, and status of data taking of GERDA.JRC.D.4-Standards for Nuclear Safety, Security and Safeguard

Price assymetry in the Dutch retail gasoline market

This paper analyses retail price adjustments in the Dutch gasoline market. We estimate an asymmetric error correction model on weekly price changes for the years 1996 to 2001. We construct five datasets, one for each working day. The conclusions on asymmetric pricing are shown to differ over these datasets, suggesting that the choice of the day for which prices are observed matters more than commonly believed. In our view, the insufficient robustness of outcomes might explain the mixed conclusions found in the literature. Using two approaches, we also show that the effect of asymmetry on Dutch consumer costs is negligible

The recognition of early developmental stages in haemopoiesis

Almost all tissues of multicellular organisms contain cells which have the capacity to change their proliferative activity according to the demand. Some tissues show little or no cellular turnover under normal steady state conditions, but they can switch to a regeneration process in response to perturbation (e.g., mechanical injury). In other tissues, there is continuous cell production to compensate for cell loss due to the continuous utilization of functional cells even under normal conditions. Variation in demand is met by variation in the rate of cell production. The cells which generate offspring throughout life in the continuously renewing tissues are usually designated as stem cells. Stem cells are capable of extensive proliferation which results in new stem cells as well as differentiating cells. The most extensively studied stem cell systems in vertebrates are those of the epidermis, the intestinal epithelium, the testis and the haemopoietic tissues. These systems are commonly used for investigations on the mechanisms of cellular differentiation. In comparison to differentiation processes during embryogenesis, the organization of the stem cell systems in the adult is relatively simple. In adulthood, differentiation is restricted to one or to a limited number of cell types, while, in embryogenesis, differentiation into a large variety of tissues takes plac

Cтратегии и технологии инновационного развития корпораций

У монографії представлено результати дослідження й систематизації теоретичних, науково-методологічних і практичних положень та розробок щодо стратегій та технологій інноваційного розвитку корпорацій. Запропоновано і обґрунтовано технології управління інноваційним розвитком підприємств, стратегії розвитку бізнесу, визначено сучасні реалії та тенденції корпоративного маркетингу, культури та соціальної відповідальності бізнесу, запропоновано нові підходи у корпоративному управлінні, обґрунтовано доцільність використання краудтехнологій фінансування інноваційних проектів, визначено підхо-ди щодо управління персоналом корпорацій в поведінковій економіці. Для науковців та фахівців сфери економіки та управління підприємствам

Combined measurement and QCD analysis of the inclusive e(+/-)p scattering cross sections at HERA

A combination is presented of the inclusive deep inelastic cross sections measured by the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations in neutral and charged current unpolarised e ± p scattering at HERA during the period 1994-2000. The data span six orders of magnitude in negative four-momentum-transfer squared, Q 2, and in Bjorken x. The combination method used takes the correlations of systematic uncertainties into account, resulting in an improved accuracy. The combined data are the sole input in a NLO QCD analysis which determines a new set of parton distributions, HERAPDF1.0, with small experimental uncertainties. This set includes an estimate of the model and parametrisation uncertainties of the fit result