Impacto de una estrategia educativa sobre autocontrol y autocuidado en diabéticos del Centro de Salud Talara-2019

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar el impacto de una estrategia educativa sobre autocontrol y autocuidado en diabéticos del Centro de Salud Talara-2019. El presente estudio es cuali-cuantitativo, experimental, transversal. La técnica se basó en la utilización de la observación individual, historia clínica y la aplicación de dos cuestionarios: antes y después de la estrategia educativa, con una muestra seleccionada aleatoriamente de 133 pacientes en el mes de noviembre del 2019. La duración aproximada de la entrevista fue de 10 a 15 minutos por paciente donde se completa una lista de cotejo sobre el control y autocuidado del paciente diabético la cual se realizó en dos momentos: un pre test y un post test desde el conversatorio. Se evalúa a los pacientes diabéticos en tres aspectos: sociodemográficos, control del paciente y finalmente su autocuidado. Los resultados de la investigación fueron: la mayoría de género masculino en el cual el rango de edad de 50 a 59 años (21%), además de un grado de instrucción de secundaria completa (14.2%) y empleados (30%). Se muestra que en el género femenino hubo mayor impacto en las pacientes que presentaron IMC > 30 kg/m2 (23.1%), además en los pacientes que presentaron IMC dentro rango normal, hubo cambios significativos en ambos géneros. En la glucosa postprandial se observa cambios significativos en ambos géneros después de la inducción educativa. Se muestra que en ambos géneros post inducciones cambiaron forma de actividad física, pasando de una forma leve a moderada, los varones cambiaron su forma de alimentación, mostrando que después de la inducción hubo un aumento 9.8%. Con respecto a cuidados del pie diabético, se observó que post inducción, el 11.8% de la población femenina tuvo un adecuado cuidado. Por último, en la adherencia al tratamiento, el cambio es mínimo post inducción en ambos géneros. Por lo tanto, se concluye que la inducción educativa en pacientes diabéticos si provoca un impacto positivo en varios aspectos del autocontrol y autocuidado del paciente, a pesar del escaso tiempo del estudio. Estos cambios dependen en su mayoría de los aspectos sociodemográficos

Síntesis y caracterización de nuevas fases de tipo M1-xSnxF2 y M1-xSn1+xF4 (M=Ba, Sr y Cd)

Tesis (Maestría en Ciencias con Especialidad en Ingeniería Cerámica) UANLUANLhttp://www.uanl.mx

Micropropagación de plantas de mentha piperita y evaluación de sus constituyentes volátiles

La aplicación de técnicas de cultivo de tejidos vegetales in vitro en especies aromáticas y medicinales puede constituirse en un renglón importante para la economía de pequeños agricultores, debido a su alto potencial de comercialización y producción. Se pretende en este trabajo demostrar una vía de aplicación semiindustrial para cultivar masivamente especies vegetales de Mentha piperita, debido a la aceptación y consumo mundial de su aceite esencial. Se estudiaron diferentes variedades de Mentha para evaluar su rendimiento de producción de aceite esencial y su calidad, antes y después de la micropropagación. Para lograr el objetivo propuesto, se ensayaron diversos me-dios de cultivo y sus respectivos balances de fitohormonas y vitaminas para lograr el máximo de multiplicación. Además se caracterizó el aceite esencial por medio de la técnica de análisis instrumental de cromatografía de gases. Los resultados fueron promisorios para la micropropagación, utilizando el medio basal de Lin and amp; Staba (1962), suplementado con BAP y algunas vitaminas. En cuanto a la eficiencia de extracción y la calidad del aceite esencial, no se encontraron diferencias significativas.The use of in vitro plant tissue culture techniques for the propagation of aromatic and medicinal species, could play very promising role for the economy of small farmers, due to the high potential of industrialization of their essential oils. In this work is shown how the tissue culture technique has been used for the propagation of Mentha piperita, as its essential oil is widely used in the flavor and fragrance industry. Mints from different sources were studied, and evaluation of the yield and quality of the essential oil was carry out, before and after the micropropagation by plant tissue culture. Several basal mediums with different proportion of plant growth regulators and vitamins were tested in order to maximize the propagation results. The constituents of the essential oil were quantified by Gas Chromatography. Lin and amp; Staba (1962) basal medium, supplemented with BAP, and some vitamins, was the best for mints species micropropagation. The yield and quality of essential oil produced by plant tissue culture and its mother plant were very similar

Revisión sistemática sobre uso de flutamida para disminución de acné e hirsutismo en pacientes con ovario poliquístico en comparación con la ciproterona, anticonceptivos orales y espironolactona

La flutamida es un medicamento que ha sido utilizado durante muchos años como tratamiento para el cáncer de próstata. Es un antiandrógeno que ejerce sus efectos mediante la inhibición de la captación de andrógenos y/o mediante la inhibición de la unión nuclear de los andrógenos en los tejidos blanco, o ambos (1). El hiperandrogenismo se presenta en forma de hirsutismo, acné o alopecia de patrón masculino, siendo estos síntomas comunes en las mujeres con ovarios poliquisticos. Objetivo Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la flutamida para disminuir el acné y el hirsutismo en paciente con ovario poliquístico en comparación con anticonceptivo oral (2mg Ciproterona y EE 35 microgramos), espironolactona y placebo..

Cycle scheduling for in vitro fertilization with oral contraceptive pills versus oral estradiol valerate: a randomized, controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Both oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) and estradiol (E(2)) valerate have been used to schedule gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles and, consequently, laboratory activities. However, there are no studies comparing treatment outcomes directly between these two pretreatment methods. This randomized controlled trial was aimed at finding differences in ongoing pregnancy rates between GnRH antagonist IVF cycles scheduled with OCPs or E(2) valerate. METHODS: Between January and May 2012, one hundred consecutive patients (nonobese, regularly cycling women 18–38 years with normal day 3 hormone levels and <3 previous IVF/ICSI attempts) undergoing IVF with the GnRH antagonist protocol were randomized to either the OCP or E(2) pretreatment arms, with no restrictions such as blocking or stratification. Authors involved in data collection and analysis were blinded to group assignment. Fifty patients received OCP (30 μg ethinyl E(2)/150 μg levonorgestrel) for 12–16 days from day 1 or 2, and stimulation was started 5 days after stopping OCP. Similarly, 50 patients received 4 mg/day oral E(2) valerate from day 20 for 5–12 days, until the day before starting stimulation. RESULTS: Pretreatment with OCP (mean±SD, 14.5±1.7 days) was significantly longer than with E(2) (7.8±1.9 days). Stimulation and embryological characteristics were similar. Ongoing pregnancy rates (46.0% vs. 44.0%; risk difference, –2.0% [95% CI –21.2% to 17.3%]), as well as implantation (43.5% vs. 47.4%), clinical pregnancy (50.0% vs. 48.0%), clinical miscarriage (7.1% vs. 7.7%), and live birth (42.0% vs. 40.0%) rates were comparable between groups. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to directly compare these two methods of cycle scheduling in GnRH antagonist cycles. Our results fail to show statistically significant differences in ongoing pregnancy rates between pretreatment with OCP and E(2) for IVF with the GnRH antagonist protocol. Although the study is limited by its sample size, our results may contribute to a future meta-analysis. An interesting future direction would be to extend our study to women with decreased ovarian reserve, as these are the patients in whom an increase in oocyte yield—due to the hypothetical beneficial effect of steroid pretreatment on follicular synchronization—could more easily be demonstrated. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov http://NCT01501448

Micro-CT study of the root canal anatomy of maxillary canines

Background: This study aimed to describe the anatomy of maxillary canines from a Western Mexican sub-population using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Material and methods: Maxillary canines (n=32) were scanned at 19.6?m voxel resolution. Number and location of canals, the distance between the cemento-enamel junction and apex, occurrence of accessory and lateral canals, presence of oval canals, number of foraminas as well as two- (area, perimeter, roundness, aspect ratio, major and minor diameters) and three-dimensional (volume, surface area, and SMI) analysis were performed. Data of two- dimensional analyses at 5 different apical levels was statistically compared using Kruskal-Wallis tests (?=0.05). Results: Overall, 31 specimens had one root with a main canal (Vertucci type I). Mean distance from the apex to the cemento-enamel junction was 16.32±2.27. Apical foraminas were present in 14 specimens (43.75%). No statistical differences were found in the two-dimensional analyses between the foramen and the 1 and 2mm apical levels ( P >0.05). Conclusions: Maxillary canines presenting one root canal were present in a high percentage of cases (96%). The prevalence of long oval canals was <12% at the apical third and at least 37% of the sample showed more than one point of exit in the last apical 3m

Identificación de bacterias de la familia Anaplasmataceae en un albergue canino del municipio de Caldas, Antioquia

Objetive. It was to detect the circulation of microorganisms of the family Anaplasmataceae in a canine albergo of the municipality of Caldas. Materials and methods. In view of the above, a descriptive study was conducted in 46 dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) to evaluate the presence of Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp. by molecular techniques or by immunodiagnostic, in a dog shelter of the municipality of Caldas. The DNA extraction was done in whole blood samples with EDTA. Primers were used against dsb and groEL genes to detect Ehrlichia and Anaplasma sequences respectively and phylogenetic analyzes of the sequences obtained were also carried out. On the other hand, SNAP 4DX® was used for serodiagnosis. Results. In the molecular testing, five positive samples were obtained for the Ehrlichia test and three for the Anaplasma test. In the serological tests, three individuals were positive for Ehrlichia spp., three for Anaplasma spp. and for the other trials measured by the SNAP (Dirofilaria immitis y Borrelia burgdorfe) the result was negative. Conclusions. It demonstrated the circulation of Ehrlichia canis and Anaplasma platys in a dog shelter of the municipality of Caldas, Antioquia.Objetivo. Fue detectar la circulación de microorganismos de la familia Anaplasmataceae en un alberge canino del municipio de Caldas. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en 46 perros (Canis lupus familiaris) para evaluar por técnicas moleculares o por inmunodiagnóstico la presencia de Ehrlichia spp. y Anaplasma spp., en un albergue canino del município de Caldas. Se hizo extracción de ADN en muestras de sangre entera con EDTA y se utilizaron cebadores contra los genes dsb y groEl, para detectar secuencias de Ehrlichia y Anaplasma respectivamente y análisis filogenéticos de las secuencias obtenidas. Por otro lado se usó el SNAP 4DX® para el serodiagnóstico. Resultados. En las pruebas moleculares se obtuvieron cinco muestras positivas para Ehrlichia y tres para Anamaplasma. En las pruebas serológicas, tres individuos fueron positivos para Ehrlichia spp., tres para Anaplasma spp. y negativos para los demás ensayos medidos por el SNAP (Dirofilaria immitis y Borrelia burgdorferi). Conclusiones. Se demostró la circulación de Ehrlichia canis y Anaplasma platys en un albergue del municipio de Caldas, Antioquia

Effects of dexmedetomidine on subthalamic local field potentials in parkinson's disease

Background: Dexmedetomidine is frequently used for sedation during deep brain stimulator implantation in patients with Parkinson's disease, but its effect on subthalamic nucleus activity is not well known. The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of increasing doses of dexmedetomidine in this population. Methods: Controlled clinical trial assessing changes in subthalamic activity with increasing doses of dexmedetomidine (from 0.2 to 0.6 μg kg-1 h-1) in a non-operating theatre setting. We recorded local field potentials in 12 patients with Parkinson's disease with bilateral deep brain stimulators (24 nuclei) and compared basal activity in the nuclei of each patient and activity recorded with different doses. Plasma levels of dexmedetomidine were obtained and correlated with the dose administered. Results: With dexmedetomidine infusion, patients became clinically sedated, and at higher doses (0.5-0.6 μg kg-1 h-1) a significant decrease in the characteristic Parkinsonian subthalamic activity was observed (P<0.05 in beta activity). All subjects awoke to external stimulus over a median of 1 (range: 0-9) min, showing full restoration of subthalamic activity. Dexmedetomidine dose administered and plasma levels showed a positive correlation (repeated measures correlation coefficient=0.504; P<0.001). Conclusions: Patients needing some degree of sedation throughout subthalamic deep brain stimulator implantation for Parkinson's disease can probably receive dexmedetomidine up to 0.6 μg kg-1 h-1 without significant alteration of their characteristic subthalamic activity. If patients achieve a 'sedated' state, subthalamic activity decreases, but they can be easily awakened with a non-pharmacological external stimulus and recover baseline subthalamic activity patterns in less than 10 min

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and PTHrP mediated malignant hypercalcemia in a seminoma

Background: Seminomas have been rarely associated with malignant hypercalcemia. The responsible mechanism of hypercalcemia in this setting has been described to be secondary to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D secretion. The relationship with PTHrP has not been determined or studied. The aim of this study is to describe and discuss the case and the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in a malignant hypercalcemia mediated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and PTHrP cosecretion in a patient with seminoma. Case presentation: A 35-year-old man was consulted for assessment and management of severe hypercalcemia related to an abdominal mass. Nausea, polyuria, polydipsia, lethargy and confusion led him to the emergency department. An abdominal and pelvic enhanced CT confirmed a calcified pelvic mass, along with multiple retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. Chest x-ray revealed “cannon ball” pulmonary metastases. The histopathology result was consistent with a seminoma. Serum calcium was 14.7 mg/dl, PTH was undetectable, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D was within normal values and PTHrP and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin were elevated (35.0 pg/ml, and 212 pg/ml, respectively). After the first cycle of chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin, normocalcemia was restored. Both PTHrP and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, dropped dramatically to 9.0 pg/ml and 8.0 pg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The association of seminoma and malignant hypercalcemia is extremely rare. We describe a case of a patient with a seminoma and malignant hypercalcemia related to paraneoplastic cosecretion of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and PTHrP. After successful chemotherapy, calcium, PTHrP and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D returned to normal values

New guidelines for GACETA SANITARIA. Improving the quality and transfer of scientific knowledge

Las actuales normas que establecen los pasos que deben seguir los/las autores/as para publicar en Gaceta Sanitaria fueron elaboradas en el año 2011, y desde entonces se han producido solo pequeñas modificaciones