Introduction to the Photon Collider

The purpose of this Introduction, presented at PHOTON2007, is to provide an overview of the basic principles, possible parameters, some technical aspects and the physics program of the photon collider and discuss its status within the ILC project.Comment: Talk at Photon2007, Paris, July 9-13, 2007, to be published in Nucl. Phys. B, 17 pp, Latex, 10 .eps figure

Train of high-power femtosecond pulses: Probe wave in a gas of prepared atoms

We present a new method for generating a regular train of ultrashort optical pulses in a prepared two-level medium. The train develops from incident monochromatic probe radiation travelling in a medium of atoms, which are in a quantum mechanical superposition of dressed internal states. In the frame of used linear theory for the probe radiation, the energy of individual pulses is an exponentially growing function of atom density and of interaction cross section. Pulse repetition rate is determined by the generalized Rabi frequency and can be around 1 THz and greater. We also show that the terms, extra to the dipole approximation, endow the gas by a new property: non-saturating dependence of refractive index on the dressing monochromatic field intensity. Contribution of these nonsaturating terms can be compatible with the main dipole approximation in the wavelength region of about ten micrometers (the range of CO_2 laser) or larger

FORMATION METHODS OF STUDENTS' INTERCULTURAL COMPETENCE

Objective: Intercultural education reflects the logic of teaching academic disciplines. The research goal was to verify the form a special information space that can help the student in mastering a new and, most importantly, a different social experience. Results: The world studied in the context of intercultural communication is, first of all, a special kind of worldview based on the comparison of initially different phenomena, which provides a unique opportunity for students to develop the ability to understand   different logic, style of thinking, forms of behavior. Conclusion: The consistency of intercultural education is achieved through the selection and unification of its content, as well as the unity and integrity of methodological principles. This issue will be discussed in this research

Gravitational Laser Back-Scattering

A possible way of producing gravitons in the laboratory is investigated. We evaluate the cross section electron + photon $\rightarrow$ electron + graviton in the framework of linearized gravitation, and analyse this reaction considering the photon coming either from a laser beam or from a Compton back-scattering process.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures (available upon request), RevTeX, IFT-P.03/9

Jet-Tagged Back-Scattering Photons For Quark Gluon Plasma Tomography

Several sources of direct photons are known to contribute to the total photon yield in high energy nuclear collisions. All of these photons carry characteristic and important information on the initial nuclei or the hot and dense fireball created in the collision. We investigate the possibility to separate photons from back-scattering of high momentum quarks off quark gluon plasma from other sources. Their unique kinematics can be utilized through high energy jet triggers on the away-side. We discuss the basic idea and estimate the feasibility of such a measurement at RHIC and LHC.Comment: Contribution to Hard Probes 2012; 4 pages, 4 figure

Quartic Anomalous Couplings in eγe\gamma Colliders

We study the production of gauge boson pairs at the next generation of linear $e^+e^-$ colliders operating in the $e\gamma$ mode. The processes $e\gamma \rightarrow VV^\prime F$ ($V,V^\prime =W$, $Z$, or $\gamma$ and $F=e$ or $\nu$) can give valuable information on possible deviations of the quartic vector boson couplings from the Standard Model predictions. We establish the range of the new couplings that can be explored in these colliders based on a $3\sigma$ effect in the total cross section. We also present several kinematical distributions of the final state particles that could manifest the underlying new dynamics. Our results show that an $e\gamma$ collider can extend considerably the bounds on anomalous interactions coming from oblique radiative corrections and from direct searches in $e^+e^-$ colliders.Comment: 21 pages and 7 figures appended as a postscript file (uuencoded), MAD/PH/764, IFT-P.031/93, IFUSP-P 1047 (uses REVTeX3

Lasing on the D_2 line of sodium in helium atmosphere due to optical pumping on the D_1 line (up-conversion)

A new method is proposed to produce population inversion on transitions involving the ground state of atoms. The method is realized experimentally with sodium atoms. Lasing at the frequency corresponding to the sodium D_2 line is achieved in the presence of pump radiation resonant to the D_1 line with helium as a buffer gas.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, Late

Searching for Leptoquarks in electron-photon Collisions

We study the production of composite scalar leptoquarks in $e\gamma$ colliders, and we show that an $e^+e^-$ machine operating in its $e\gamma$ mode is the best way to look for these particles in $e^+e^-$ collisions, due to the hadronic content of the photon.Comment: 12 pages in REVTeX3. 6 figures appended as postcript files. Report: IFT-P.014/93 and IFUSP-P 104

Identifying the Higgs Boson in Electron--Photon Collisions

We analyze the production and detection of the Higgs boson in the next generation of linear $e^+e^-$ colliders operating in the $e\gamma$ mode. In particular, we study the production mechanism $e + \gamma \rightarrow e \gamma \gamma \rightarrow e + H$, where one photon is generated via the laser backscattering mechanism, while the other is radiated via the usual bremsstrahlung process. We show that this is the most important mechanism for Higgs boson production in a $500$ GeV $e\gamma$ collider for M_H\raisebox{-.4ex}{\rlap{\sim}} \raisebox{.4ex}{>}140 GeV. We also study the signals and backgrounds for detection of the Higgs in the different decay channels, $b \bar b$, $W^+W^-$, and $ZZ$, and suggest kinematical cuts to improve the signature of an intermediate mass Higgs boson.Comment: (REVTEX 2.0, 12 pages and 9 figures available upon request, Preprint MAD/PH/753

Direct determination of photodisintegration cross sections and the p-process

Photon-induced reactions play a key role in the nucleosynthesis of heavy neutron-deficient nuclei, the so-called p-nuclei. In this paper we review the present status of experiments on photon-induced reactions at energies of astrophysical importance and their relevance to p-process modeling.Comment: Nucl. Phys. A, in pres