Inventario fraseológico de las groserías en estudiantes de San Luis Potosí

[EN] This study belongs to the field lexicography and its goal is to make the formal description of phraseological units in a corpus of curses collected among schoolchildren in the city of San Luis Potosí, México. It is based on an inventory of phrases classified as nominal, adjectival, verbal or adverbial. The method used in the study consisted of interviews with 300 respondents, 50 male and 50 female in each of the three age subdivisions, of the Mexican school system (primaria, secundaria, preparatoria).[ES] Este trabajo se inserta en el campo de la lexicología y su objetivo es hacer la descripción formal de unidades fraseológicas sobre groserías rastreadas en un corpus de estudiantes de San Luis Potosí, México, a partir de la elaboración del inventario fraseológico y su clasificación en nominales, adjetivales, verbales y adverbiales, de acuerdo con la muestra obtenida. El método utilizado para llevar a cabo este trabajo consistió en aplicar una encuesta a 300 informantes (150 mujeres y 150 hombres) de primaria, secundaria y preparatoria (50 mujeres y 50 hombres por cada subsistema educativo) de la capital potosina.Pérez Durán, MA.; Arriaga Olguín, O. (2014). Inventario fraseológico de las groserías en estudiantes de San Luis Potosí. Revista de Lingüística y Lenguas Aplicadas. 9:79-87. doi:10.4995/rlyla.2014.1669SWORD79879Álvarez Martínez, M.A. (2001). "Vulgarismos y Neologismos", en Alvar, M.: en Introducción a la lingüística espa-ola. Espa-a: Ariel, pp. 533-545.Coseriu, E. (1977). "Introducción al estudio estructural del léxico", en Principios de semántica estructural, Gredos, Espa-a.Fuenzalida, M. (2001), "Precisiones para un desarrollo teórico-descriptivo de las solidaridades léxicas", en Boletín de Filología de la Universidad de Chile, Núm. 38: pp. 67-109.García-Page Sánchez, M. (2008). Introducción a la fraseología espa-ola: estudio de las locuciones. Espa-a: Anthropos.Moreno Fernández, F. (2008). Principios de sociolingüística y sociología del lenguaje. Espa-a: Ariel, Letras.Reeves, L., Hirsh Pasek, K., y Golinkoff, R. (1999). "Palabras y significado: de los elementos simples a la organización compleja" en Psicolingüística. México: McGraw Hill, pp. 169-225

Kaposi sarcoma in the lower limbs: case report

The Kaposi sarcoma is an angio-proliferative malignant neoplasm that mostly affects the skin and subcutaneous tissue, although it can present in a more aggressive form, involving the oral cavity, lungs and gastrointestinal tract (visceral Kaposi sarcoma). It is classified into 4 clinical-epidemiological types: classic, endemic, iatrogenic and epidemic, all of them associated with the human herpesvirus 8. We report a rare case of Kaposi sarcoma in an elderly immunodepressed female patient, not related to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, that evolved fatally in five months, since the appearance of hematic necrotic bullous lesions which progressed with intense local exudation, dehydration, renal insufficiency and worsening of the clinical status, ending in death, caused by multiple organ failure.O sarcoma de Kaposi é uma neoplasia angioproliferativa maligna que na maioria das vezes se restringe à pele e ao tecido subcutâneo; porém, pode aparecer de forma mais agressiva, atingindo a cavidade oral, o trato gastrointestinal e os pulmões (sarcoma de Kaposi visceral). É classificado com quatro variantes clínco-epidemiológicas: clássica, endêmica, iatrogênica e epidêmica, todas associadas ao herpes vírus humano tipo 8. O objetivo desta publicação foi relatar um caso raro de sarcoma de Kaposi em paciente idosa imunossuprimida, não relacionado à síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida, que evoluiu de forma desfavorável em um período de cinco meses a partir do aparecimento de lesões bolhosas hemáticas e necróticas que, posteriormente, progrediram com intensa exsudação local, desidratação, insuficiência renal e piora do estado geral, evoluindo então a óbito, tendo como causa mortis a falência de múltiplos órgãos.Hospital e Maternidade São Luiz Serviço de Cirurgia VascularHMSLUniversidade Cidade de São Paulo Curso de MedicinaUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de MedicinaUNIFESP, EPMSciEL

Positioning of a 3-degrees-of-freedom robot with pneumatic actuators

Interest in the use of pneumatic actuators has become increasingly significant, especially because of the potential benefits of employing clean energies. There are previous works related to this project; some made abroad that innovates in control methods but only in specific applications, and others in Mexico that progressively increase the complexity of the system. In this paper the difficulty of a generic threedegrees-of-freedom (DoF) robot arm control is tested, searching for the most efficient method to reproduce the positioning of the final effector (a griper) accurately. Furthermore, the ambitious goal of the project is to adequately develop an algorithm capable of being properly adjusted to any multipurpose robot system with pneumatic actuators. It is carefully considered the various non-linearities of the system. This work relied mostly on intelligent control techniques and modern programmable devices, the intention is to achieve similar or better results than previous projects. The possible combination of intelligent and even classical control can reasonably achieve the estimated conclusion, the first being flexible for developing robust design for non-linear systems

The Application of Electrosprayed Minocycline-Loaded PLGA For The Treatment Of Glioblastoma

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common and aggressive forms of cancer with unfavorable prognosis due to high levels of reoccurrence with around 10,000 patients in the U.S. diagnosed each year. Despite treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, survival rate for this disease is around 21 months after diagnosis. Minocycline, a tetracycline-derivative used as an antibiotic, has also demonstrated the ability to inhibit angiogenesis or tumor growth and, presents a possible treatment option for GBM. Methods: Microparticles were fabricated by electrospraying by varying solvent type, distance, flow rate, voltage, and polymer concentration as parameters. The cytotoxicity of endothelial and glioblastoma cells was determined by an MTT assay by determining the absorbance using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 350 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging was used to image the samples to determine microparticle surface morphology and size via an electron beam due to microparticles being sputter coated with gold to generate an electrical conduction. Results: The electrospraying process consists of numerous parameters which directly affect the creation of microparticles. The use of the solvent methanol aids in dissolving minocycline, while the use of DCM is important for the process of electrospraying, due to its higher vapor pressure and ability to dissolve PLGA. Conclusion: In conclusion, electrospraying is a promising method to fabricate drug loaded PLGA microparticles. However, optimization is needed whenever there is a new drug of interest as it can modify the properties of the electrospray solution and result in different effects on the fabrication parameters and particles produced

Competencias Docentes para la Enseñanza de Nivel Superior en Entornos Virtuales

La formación de docentes en entornos virtuales en la educación superior conlleva la adquisición de nuevas competencias para la interacción educativa, que permitan desarrollar habilidades que van más allá del simple conocimiento y la adquisición de destrezas en las actividades que comúnmente debe realizar un tutor. El presente trabajo se realizó en la Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit. Se utilizaron datos obtenidos del programa académico de Ciencias de la Comunicación, ofertado a distancia durante los periodos de 2004 a 2006. Se indagó el impacto de las competencias docentes y la intervención pedagógica en relación a factores inherentes al proceso de enseñanza- aprendizaje. Se realizaron análisis estadísticos para determinar los factores que intervinieron en el desarrollo del mismo. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que pese al interés de las universidades por impulsar la educación no presencial, no todas las experiencias al incorporar programas académicos a distancia en las actividades de un docente universitario, han alcanzado el éxito deseado

La universidad humanista

Esta obra, titulada La universidad humanista, es fruto de la colaboración entre dos instituciones centenarias: la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, una de las universidades más antiguas de España que ofrece educación superior desde 1495 y la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, heredera del Instituto Científico y Literario Autónomo, fundado en 1828, a escasos siete años de que México naciera como entidad política independiente. Ambas instituciones, con un pasado muy diferente, se encuentran hermanadas por la misma vocación de futuro y las preocupaciones propias de las universidades del siglo XXI.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México y Universidad de Santiago de Compostel

Predictors of Enhancing Human Physical Attractiveness: Data from 93 Countries

People across the world and throughout history have gone to great lengths to enhance their physical appearance. Evolutionary psychologists and ethologists have largely attempted to explain this phenomenon via mating preferences and strategies. Here, we test one of the most popular evolutionary hypotheses for beauty-enhancing behaviors, drawn from mating market and parasite stress perspectives, in a large cross-cultural sample. We also test hypotheses drawn from other influential and non-mutually exclusive theoretical frameworks, from biosocial role theory to a cultural media perspective. Survey data from 93,158 human participants across 93 countries provide evidence that behaviors such as applying makeup or using other cosmetics, hair grooming, clothing style, caring for body hygiene, and exercising or following a specific diet for the specific purpose of improving ones physical attractiveness, are universal. Indeed, 99% of participants reported spending \u3e10 min a day performing beauty-enhancing behaviors. The results largely support evolutionary hypotheses: more time was spent enhancing beauty by women (almost 4 h a day, on average) than by men (3.6 h a day), by the youngest participants (and contrary to predictions, also the oldest), by those with a relatively more severe history of infectious diseases, and by participants currently dating compared to those in established relationships. The strongest predictor of attractiveness-enhancing behaviors was social media usage. Other predictors, in order of effect size, included adhering to traditional gender roles, residing in countries with less gender equality, considering oneself as highly attractive or, conversely, highly unattractive, TV watching time, higher socioeconomic status, right-wing political beliefs, a lower level of education, and personal individualistic attitudes. This study provides novel insight into universal beauty-enhancing behaviors by unifying evolutionary theory with several other complementary perspectives

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)