Reliability of Y-Balance Test y Wight Bearing Lunge Test for the clinical-functional evolution of plantar fasciitis

[Resumen] Objetivos: Los objetivos de nuestro estudio han sido determinar en pacientes con FP unilateral la fiabilidad intraobservador del instrumento Y- Balance Test (YBT) y la prueba Wight Bearing Lunge Test (WBLT) medida con el inclinómetro de un telefono movil inteligente. Métodos: Estudio transversal y observacional, realizado con 16 pacientes (9 mujeres y 7 hombres). Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos revelan una excelente fiabilidad relativa intraobservador. El YBT mostró un CCI de 0’946; mientras que las medidas con inclinómetro obtuvieron un CCI de 0’992. En el YBT se apreció una asociación de variables estadísticamente significativa en la dirección posteromedial (p=0’004) y en el resultado general (p=0’017), al comparar el miembro inferior afecto y el sano. Los valores de flexión dorsal en carga con flexión de rodilla se encuentran dentro de los valores normales, sin una asimetría significativa del miembro afecto y el sano. Conclusiones: El Y-Balance Test y la prueba Wight Bearing Lunge Test medida con inclinómetro de teléfono movil inteligente son dos pruebas fiables en pacientes con FP.[Abstract] Objectives: The objectives of our study have been to determine in patients with unilateral PF; The intraobserver reliability of the Y-Balance Test (YBT) and the Wight Bearing Lunge Test (WBLT) measured with the inclinometer of a smartphone. Methods: Cross-sectional and observational study, carried out with 16 patients (9 women and 7 men). Results: The results obtained reveal a excelent intra-rater relative reliability. The YBT showed a CCI of 0.946; while the measures with inclinometer obtained a CCI of 0'992. In the YBT there was a statistically significant association of variables in the posteromedial direction (p= 0’004) and in the overall result (p= 0’017), when comparing the affected lower limb and the healthy. The values of dorsiflexion with knee flexion are within normal values, without a significant asymmetry of the affected and healthy limb. Conclusions: Y-Balance Test and the Wight Bearing Lunge Test measured with smart mobile phone inclinometer are two reliable tests in patients with plantar fasciiti

Downscaling multi-model climate projection ensembles with deep learning (DeepESD): contribution to CORDEX EUR-44

Deep learning (DL) has recently emerged as an innovative tool to downscale climate variables from large-scale atmospheric fields under the perfect-prognosis (PP) approach. Different convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been applied under present-day conditions with promising results, but little is known about their suitability for extrapolating future climate change conditions. Here, we analyze this problem from a multi-model perspective, developing and evaluating an ensemble of CNN-based downscaled projections (hereafter DeepESD) for temperature and precipitation over the European EUR-44i (0.5º) domain, based on eight global circulation models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). To our knowledge, this is the first time that CNNs have been used to produce downscaled multi-model ensembles based on the perfect-prognosis approach, allowing us to quantify inter-model uncertainty in climate change signals. The results are compared with those corresponding to an EUR-44 ensemble of regional climate models (RCMs) showing that DeepESD reduces distributional biases in the historical period. Moreover, the resulting climate change signals are broadly comparable to those obtained with the RCMs, with similar spatial structures. As for the uncertainty of the climate change signal (measured on the basis of inter-model spread), DeepESD preserves the uncertainty for temperature and results in a reduced uncertainty for precipitation. To facilitate further studies of this downscaling approach, we follow FAIR principles and make publicly available the code (a Jupyter notebook) and the DeepESD dataset. In particular, DeepESD is published at the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF), as the first continental-wide PP dataset contributing to CORDEX (EUR-44).This research has been supported by the Spanish Government (MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033) through project CORDyS (grant no. PID2020-116595RB-I00)

Statistical downscaling with the downscaleR package (v3.1.0): contribution to the VALUE intercomparison experiment

The increasing demand for high-resolution climate information has attracted growing attention to statistical downscaling (SDS) methods, due in part to their relative advantages and merits as compared to dynamical approaches (based on regional climate model simulations), such as their much lower computational cost and their fitness for purpose for many local-scale applications. As a result, a plethora of SDS methods is nowadays available to climate scientists, which has motivated recent efforts for their comprehensive evaluation, like the VALUE initiative (http://www.value-cost.eu, last access: 29 March 2020). The systematic intercomparison of a large number of SDS techniques undertaken in VALUE, many of them independently developed by different authors and modeling centers in a variety of languages/environments, has shown a compelling need for new tools allowing for their application within an integrated framework. In this regard, downscaleR is an R package for statistical downscaling of climate information which covers the most popular approaches (model output statistics ? including the so-called ?bias correction? methods ? and perfect prognosis) and state-of-the-art techniques. It has been conceived to work primarily with daily data and can be used in the framework of both seasonal forecasting and climate change studies. Its full integration within the climate4R framework (Iturbide et al., 2019) makes possible the development of end-to-end downscaling applications, from data retrieval to model building, validation, and prediction, bringing to climate scientists and practitioners a unique comprehensive framework for SDS model development. In this article the main features of downscaleR are showcased through the replication of some of the results obtained in VALUE, placing an emphasis on the most technically complex stages of perfect-prognosis model calibration (predictor screening, cross-validation, and model selection) that are accomplished through simple commands allowing for extremely flexible model tuning, tailored to the needs of users requiring an easy interface for different levels of experimental complexity. As part of the open-source climate4R framework, downscaleR is freely available and the necessary data and R scripts to fully replicate the experiments included in this paper are also provided as a companion notebook.We thank the European Union Cooperation in Science and Technology (EU COST) Action ES1102 VALUE (http://www.value-cost.eu) for making publicly available the data used in this article and the tools implementing the comprehensive set of validation measures and indices. We also thank the THREDDS Data Server (TDS) software developed by UCAR/Unidata (https://doi.org/10.5065/D6N014KG, Unidata, 2006) and all R developers and their supporting community for providing free software facilitating open science. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Program’s Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the EC-EARTH Consortium for producing and making available their model output used in this paper. For CMIP the U.S. Department of Energy’s Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides coordinating support and led the development of software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. We are very grateful to the two anonymous referees participating in the interactive discussion for their insightful comments, helping us to considerably improve the original paper. Financial support. The authors acknowledge partial funding from the MULTI-SDM project (MINECO/FEDER, CGL2015-66583-R) and from the project INDECIS, part of the European Research Area for Climate Services Consortium (ERA4CS) with co-funding by the uropean Union (grant no. 690462)

Implementation of FAIR principles in the IPCC: the WGI AR6 Atlas repository

The Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has adopted the FAIR Guiding Principles. We present the Atlas chapter of Working Group I (WGI) as a test case. We describe the application of the FAIR principles in the Atlas, the challenges faced during its implementation, and those that remain for the future. We introduce the open source repository resulting from this process, including coding (e.g., annotated Jupyter notebooks), data provenance, and some aggregated datasets used in some figures in the Atlas chapter and its interactive companion (the Interactive Atlas), open to scrutiny by the scientific community and the general public. We describe the informal pilot review conducted on this repository to gather recommendations that led to significant improvements. Finally, a working example illustrates the re-use of the repository resources to produce customized regional information, extending the Interactive Atlas products and running the code interactively in a web browser using Jupyter notebooks.Peer reviewe

Efectos de la cisaprida sobre el intervalo QT en niños

Se valoró de forma prospectiva el efecto en el intervalo QT corregido (QTc) del tratamiento con cisaprida en niños. Desde octubre de 2000 a marzo de 2003, se realizó un electrocardiograma (ECG) basal y otro a los 15 días de tratamiento con cisaprida (0,2 mg/kg/dosis, 3-4 veces/día) a 175 niños (edad entre 1,5 meses y 16,8 años). Además, se realizó un único ECG postratamiento a 24 niños (edad entre 1,5 meses y 15,8 años). No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el intervalo QTc medio basal (0,390 ± 0,018 s) y postratamiento (0,391 ± 0,018 s). En los enfermos con un único ECG postratamiento, el intervalo QTc medio fue de 0,399 ± 0,018 s. En ningún caso el intervalo QTc superó los 0,450 s. Según nuestra experiencia, la utilización de cisaprida en dosis terapéuticas en niños sin factores de riesgo asociados no prolonga significativamente el intervalo QTc

Knowledge and Attitudes towards Patient Safety among Students in Physical Therapy in Spain: A Longitudinal Study

Patient safety is a discipline of health care management aiming to prevent and reduce errors and harm to patients. The assessment of knowledge and attitudes on patient safety among students in physical therapy is still scarce; no studies have yet explored the changes that internship periods may produce. Objectives: 1. to determine the attitudes and knowledge of students in physical therapy with respect to patient safety in a Spanish University; and 2. to explore changes following a practical internship period. (2) Methods: Longitudinal study. Data from the Attitudes to Patient Safety Questionnaire III (APSQ-III) before and after the internship period were obtained from an initial sample of 125 students and average positive response rates were compared. (3) Results: "Team functioning", "Importance of patient safety in the curriculum", and "Error inevitability" displayed the highest scores, in accordance with the current literature. After the internship period, the dimensions "Patient safety training received" (p = 0.001), "Error reporting confidence" (p = 0.044), and "Professional incompetence as an error cause" (p = 0.027) showed significant changes. (4) Conclusions: The current study, highlighting areas of strengths and weaknesses in the knowledge and attitudes of students in physical therapy towards patient safety, may be a foundation to adopt tailored programs to enhance students' competencies in patient safet

Inhospital exercise benefits in childhood cancer: A prospective cohort study

Childhood cancer patients are at risk of developing important adverse effects, mortality and disease relapse after treatments, which has a substantial economic impact on healthcare systems. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of supervised inhospital exercise on clinical endpoints during childhood cancer treatment. 169 children with a new diagnosis of cancer were divided into an exercise intervention (n = 68, 11 ± 4 years) or a control group (n = 101, 11 ± 3 years). The cohort was followed up from the start of treatment for up to five years. Supervised inhospital exercise intervention was performed during the neoadjuvant (for solid tumors) or intensive chemotherapy treatment period (for leukemias). The median duration of the intervention was 22 (interquartile range, 14‐28) weeks. We assessed survival, risk of disease relapse or metastasis, and days of hospitalization (primary outcomes), and cardiovascular function, anthropometry and blood variables (secondary outcomes). No exercise‐related adverse events were noted. The exercise group had significantly less days of hospitalization than the control group (P = .031), resulting in a lower (~−17%) mean total economic cost of hospitalization in the former. Moreover, echocardiography‐determined left ventricular function (ejection fraction and fractional shortening) was significantly impaired in the control group after treatment compared with baseline, whereas it was maintained in the exercise group (P = .024 and .021 for the between‐group differences, respectively). In conclusion, supervised inhospital exercise intervention is safe and plays a cardioprotective role, at least in the short term, in children with cancer, also reducing hospitalization time, and therefore alleviating the economic burden.Sin financiación4.221 JCR (2020) Q1, 18/88 Sport Sciences1.575 SJR (2020) Q1, 27/288 Orthopedics and Sports MedicineNo data IDR 2019UE

Exercise Interventions and Cardiovascular Health in Childhood Cancer: A Meta-analysis

This study analyzed the effects of physical exercise interventions on cardiovascular endpoints in childhood cancer survivors. Relevant articles were systematically searched in PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases (since inception to 11th September 2019). We performed a meta-analysis (random effects) to determine the mean difference (expressed together with 95% confidence intervals) between pre- and post-intervention values for those cardiovascular endpoints reported in more than three studies. Twenty-seven studies (of which 16 were controlled studies) comprising 697 participants were included. Only three studies reported adverse events related to exercise interventions. Exercise resulted in an increased performance on the 6-minute walk distance test (mean difference=111 m, 95% confidence interval=39–183, p=0.003) and a non-significant trend (mean difference=1.97 ml∙kg−1∙min−1, 95% confidence interval=−0.12–4.06, p=0.065) for improvement in peak oxygen uptake. Furthermore, left ventricular ejection fraction was preserved after exercise interventions (mean difference=0.29%, 95% confidence interval=−1.41–1.99, p=0.738). In summary, exercise interventions might exert a cardioprotective effect in childhood cancer survivors by improving – or attenuating the decline of – physical capacity and cardiovascular function. Further studies, particularly randomized controlled trials, are needed to confirm these benefits.#FPU14/03435#FPU16/03956#FPU18/00215#FPI2016#PI15/00558#PI18/00139#CP18/00034Fundación MAPFRE [Convocatoria Ignacio H. de Larramendi]3.118 JCR (2020) Q2, 31/88 Sport Sciences1.012 SJR (2020) Q1, 62/288 Orthopedics and Sports MedicineNo data IDR 2019UE