Implementação e Validação de Novos Módulos em um Sistema Anti-Spam.

O correio eletrônico é uma das principais formas de comunicação. O maior problema encontrado atualmente em sua utilização é o crescente número de mensagens indesejadas (spams) recebidas diariamente pelos usuários. O grande volume de spams causa prejuízos, tais como, desperdícios de tempo, de espaço de armazenamento, da largura da banda de rede, bem como comprometimento no recebimento de mensagens, atrasos, disseminação de vírus, spybots, dentre outros. É importante que sejam desenvolvidas ferramentas e técnicas de combate a esta prática com intuito de mitigar estes problemas. O desafio do problema em questão reside no fato de que os sistemas (ou filtros) antispam evoluem através de técnicas de detecção e bloqueio eficazes e, em contrapartida, os spammers criam e desenvolvem novas técnicas de ofuscamento para burlar tais sistemas. Esta dissertação aborda a implementação e validação de novos módulos em um sistema anti-spam (SAS) que emprega técnicas de análise de conteúdo e redes neurais. O sistema é composto por um novo pré-filtro, que faz uso de métodos, desenvolvidos neste trabalho, para combate ao ofuscamento de conteúdo, por um módulo de seleção de características, que analisa o conteúdo da mensagem buscando palavras relevantes para redução da complexidade da classificação e, por fim, por um novo modelo neural MLP (Multilayer Perceptron), implementado em Java e treinado com backpropagation, para classificar os e-mails em duas classes ̶ ham e spam. Os testes foram realizados no ambiente real da Universidade Federal de Itajubá e comparados com o desempenho de um filtro anti-spam de uso comercial (Barracuda) utilizado na Universidade. Foram empregadas três técnicas de seleção de características, com diferentes combinações de características. Os resultados obtidos são promissores

Redução de custos dos produtos hortifrutigranjeiros dos supermercados da cidade de Cacoal/RO

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado ao Departamento Acadêmico de Administração da Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, campus Professor Francisco Gonçalves Quiles, para obtenção do título de Bacharel em Administração. Orientador: Prof. M.e Ademir Luiz Vidigal FilhoDe acordo com pesquisas realizadas, os desperdícios no setor de hortifrúti dos supermercados fazem com que a perda de faturamento seja de até 3,5% (ABRAS, 2014). Buscou-se levantar os seguintes objetivos: analisar os custos do setor hortifrutigranjeiro dos supermercados de Cacoal; analisar o tempo de trajeto do produto ponto de saída até sua chegada; verificar como o produto é armazenado; averiguar como o produto é colocado nas gôndolas e quanto tempo de vida útil tem. E buscar analisar o desperdício de cada supermercado pesquisado. A metodologia utilizada foi o questionário, entrevista e a observação não participante. Os principais resultados obtidos mostram que alguns dos estabelecimentos não fazem um controle de custos da empresa, portanto não sabem o quanto perdem de mercadorias. Quanto as compras nas regiões todas as empresas fazem compras nas regiões Sul e Norte, e apenas algumas empresas na re gião Sudeste, essa distância é um fator que influencia muito no tempo de vida útil dos produtos, pois os produtos tem que passar um período de até três dias dentro de caminhões. As compras de verduras todas elas vêm da região norte principalmente de pequenos agricultores e as perdas quanto a esse setor chegam a ser menores que 10%, pois os produtos que chegam estragados são devolvidos ao fornecedor, alguns estabelecimentos possuem custo de estoque superior a R$ 4.500,00, pois fazem o uso de carga seca ou pequenas geladeiras, tendo assim uma diminuição da vida útil do produto. Sugere-se verificar as estratégias de vendas dos produtos hortifrutigranjeiros nesses estabelecimentos

Food composition databases: does it matter to human health?

Food provides humans with more than just energy and nutrients, addressing both vital needs and pleasure. Food habits are determined by a wide range of factors, from sensorial stimuli to beliefs and, once commanded by local and seasonal availability, are nowadays driven by marketing campaigns promoting unhealthy and non-sustainable foodstuffs. Top-down and bottom-up changes are transforming food systems, driven by policies on SDGs and by consumer’s concerns about environmental and health impacts. Food quality, in terms of taste, safety, and nutritional value, is determined by its composition, described in food composition databases (FDBs). FDBs are then useful resources to agronomists, food and mechanical engineers, nutritionists, marketers, and others in their efforts to address at maximum human nutrient needs. In this work, we analyse some relevant food composition databases (viz., purpose, type of data, ease of access, regularity of updates), inspecting information on the health and environmental nexus, such as food origin, production mode as well as nutritional quality. The usefulness and limitations of food databases are discussed regarding what concerns sustainable diets, the food ‘matrix effect’, missing compounds, safe processing, and in guiding innovation in foods, as well as in shaping consumers’ perceptions and food choices.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Análise de segregação complexa de 1.792 famílias com fenda lábio-palatina na América do Sul: 1967-1997

Although several studies have demonstrated familial aggregation of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P), its model of inheritance remains uncertain. We report the results of complex segregation analysis performed in South American families with a newborn affected with CL/P. Families of 1,792 consecutive newborns affected with CL/P and registered during the period 1967 to 1997 were studied. A model that did not include a major locus was the best-fitting model for CL/P families. This result is in agreement with previous studies which showed a significant association of several putative susceptibility loci and CL/P, indicating that the genes involved in CL/P are likely to have only a very modest impact on disease risk.Os estudos sobre fendas lábio-palatinas (FL/P) demonstram existir uma maior incidência do defeito nas famílias de afetados, mas seu modo de herança permanece indefinido. Esse trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma análise de segregação complexa realizada em 1.792 famílias sul-americanas que possuíam um recém-nascido com FL/P. Essas crianças foram registradas entre 1967 e 1997 e os nascimentos foram consecutivos. Um modelo sem um locus principal foi o que melhor se adequou às famílias de FL/P estudadas. Esse resultado está de acordo com estudos anteriores que mostraram uma significativa associação entre vários loci de suscetibilidade e FL/P, indicando que os genes relacionados com FL/P, isoladamente, contribuem pouco para o risco desse defeito

The Physiological Mechanisms of Effect of Vitamins and Amino Acids on Tendon and Muscle Healing: A Systematic Review

© 2018 Human Kinetics, Inc.To evaluate the current literature via systematic review to ascertain whether amino acids/vitamins provide any influence on musculotendinous healing and if so, by which physiological mechanisms. Methods: EBSCO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase Classic/Embase, and MEDLINE were searched using terms including "vitamins," "amino acids," "healing," "muscle," and "tendon." The primary search had 479 citations, of which 466 were excluded predominantly due to nonrandomized design. Randomized human and animal studies investigating all supplement types/forms of administration were included. Critical appraisal of internal validity was assessed using the Cochrane risk of Bias Tool or the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation Risk of Bias Tool for human and animal studies, respectively. Two reviewers performed duel data extraction. Results: Twelve studies met criteria for inclusion: eight examined tendon healing and four examined muscle healing. All studies used animal models, except two human trials using a combined integrator. Narrative synthesis was performed via content analysis of demonstrated statistically significant effects and thematic analysis of proposed physiological mechanisms of intervention. Vitamin C/taurine demonstrated indirect effects on tendon healing through antioxidant activity. Vitamin A/glycine showed direct effects on extracellular matrix tissue synthesis. Vitamin E shows an antiproliferative influence on collagen deposition. Leucine directly influences signaling pathways to promote muscle protein synthesis. Discussion: Preliminary evidence exists, demonstrating that vitamins and amino acids may facilitate multilevel changes in musculotendinous healing; however, recommendations on clinical utility should be made with caution. All animal studies and one human study showed high risk of bias with moderate interobserver agreement (k = 0.46). Currently, there is limited evidence to support the use of vitamins and amino acids for musculotendinous injury. Both high-quality animal experimentation of the proposed mechanisms confirming the physiological influence of supplementation and human studies evaluating effects on tissue morphology and biochemistry are required before practical application.Peer reviewe

Validity and Test-retest Reliability of the Jumpo App for Jump Performance Measurement

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(7): 677-686, 2021. The vertical jump test is one of the simplest and most prevalent physical tests used in practice and research. This study investigated the validity and reliability of a new mobile application (Jumpo) for measuring jump performance on Android devices. University-aged students (n = 10; 20 ± 3 years; 176 ± 6 cm; 68 ± 9 kg) reported to the laboratory on three occasions (2-7 days apart): to be familiarized with the jump performance measurements and then for test-retest reliability assessments. Participants performed countermovement jumps (CMJ), squat jumps (SJ), and right and left single-legged jumps in random order on a force platform while being recorded by a smartphone’s slow-motion camera. Flight time was selected as the criterion variable. Strong positive correlations between the Jumpo and force platform were observed for each jump type tested (r ≥ 0.93), although the flight times obtained with the Jumpo App were systematically shorter than those provided by the force platform by 3-6% (p \u3c 0.001). The Jumpo App demonstrated a high test-retest reliability (ICC ≥ 0.94, CV ≤ 3.7%) with no differences between the coefficients of variation obtained from the Jumpo App and force platform (p ≥ 0.25). With respect to jump type, data from double-legged jumps (CMJ and SJ) were more accurately measured than data from single-legged jumps. The Jumpo App provides a valid and reliable measurement of jump performance, but the following equation should be used to calibrate its flight time results, allowing comparisons to be made to force platform data: Force platformflight time = 0.948 × Jumpoflight time + 41.515. Future studies should cross-validate the calibration equation in a different sample of individuals

Biodiversity assessment of Phlebotomine (Diptera: Psychodidae) in an environmental impacted area in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

From October 1994 to September 1996, in the municipality of Mangaratiba, Rio de Janeiro State, phlebotomines were captured on the walls of the houses by means of a manual suction tube and light traps, in the household, the peridomicile and in the forest. As it is an area undergoing a real expansion and an increment in the local tourism, with the purpose of assessing changes in the phlebotomine fauna caused by environmental changes in the region, new captures were made in the same location from October 2015 to September 2016, this time using only light traps. In the two phases of the study, a total of 6,681 phlebotomines were captured. The results indicated that Ny. intermedia and Mg. migonei are fully adapted to this anthropic environment, while Pi. fischeri was more abundant and eclectic, and was probably attracted to exercise hematophagy. Nyssomyia intermedia can be suggested as the main vector of the etiological agent of the American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis in the studied areas. Pintomyia fischeri can also transmit Leishmania braziliensis, both in the environment altered by human action, and in the wild environment. Phlebotomines were captured in greater numbers between 6 and 8 pm in the peridomicile and between 9 and 11 pm in the household. The highest densities of phlebotomines were recorded in December, January and February. Despite almost 20 years between the two studies in the municipality of Mangaratiba, there was no change in the profile of the phlebotomine fauna in general; however, there was a greater density of species of medical importance in areas that suffered environmental impacts

Covid-19 pandemic impacts on follow-up of child growth and development

OBJECTIVE To analyze the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the use of primary health care services to follow-up the child growth and development in Brazil. METHOD A total of 7.9 million consultations of children (0–2 years old) across Brazil between March 2017 and May 2020 were studied. Differences between medians were analyzed using non-parametric tests, the Global Moran Index (IGM) and the Local Indicators of Spatial Association. RESULTS During the initial period of the pandemic, the median number of consultations was significantly lower than the same period in previous years, reducing more than 50%. The drop in 2020, compared to 2019, ranged from 49% to 62.2% across all regions of the country, except the South. The percentage reduction registered in 2019–2020 showed significant spatial autocorrelation (IGM = 0.20; p = 0.04), with the presence of low-low (states with reduction between 29% and 51%) and high-high (states with reduction between 55% and 69%) spatial clusters. CONCLUSION The covid-19 pandemic impacted the follow-up of child growth and development in primary health care services in Brazil, with a geographically uneven reduction

Full Genome Characterization of the Culicoides-Borne Marsupial Orbiviruses: Wallal Virus, Mudjinbarry Virus and Warrego Viruses

Viruses belonging to the species Wallal virus and Warrego virus of the genus Orbivirus were identified as causative agents of blindness in marsupials in Australia during 1994/5. Recent comparisons of nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) sequences have provided a basis for the grouping and classification of orbivirus isolates. However, full-genome sequence data are not available for representatives of all Orbivirus species. We report full-genome sequence data for three additional orbiviruses: Wallal virus (WALV); Mudjinabarry virus (MUDV) and Warrego virus (WARV). Comparisons of conserved polymerase (Pol), sub-core-shell 'T2' and core-surface 'T13' proteins show that these viruses group with other Culicoides borne orbiviruses, clustering with Eubenangee virus (EUBV), another orbivirus infecting marsupials. WARV shares <70% aa identity in all three conserved proteins (Pol, T2 and T13) with other orbiviruses, consistent with its classification within a distinct Orbivirus species. Although WALV and MUDV share <72.86%/67.93% aa/nt identity with other orbiviruses in Pol, T2 and T13, they share >99%/90% aa/nt identities with each other (consistent with membership of the same virus species - Wallal virus). However, WALV and MUDV share <68% aa identity in their larger outer capsid protein VP2(OC1), consistent with membership of different serotypes within the species - WALV-1 and WALV-2 respectively