Els Gossos pigalls en la societat actual

Descripció del recurs: 21 maig 2010.Treball presentat a la Facultat de Veterinària de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.Treball presentat a l'assignatura de Deontologia i Veterinària Legal (21223

Una Propuesta para estructurar la enseñanza de la filosofía de la ciencia para el profesorado de ciencias en formación

Desde la didáctica de las ciencias se considera que el conocimiento acerca de la naturaleza de la ciencia es uno de los componentes fundamentales de la alfabetización científica general. Esto lleva a la necesidad de introducir la filosofía de la ciencia en la formación inicial y continuada del profesorado de ciencias. En este trabajo se presenta un marco conceptual que puede dar lugar a la formulación de criterios teóricos de selección de los contenidos de la filosofía de la ciencia. Se utiliza este marco para analizar varias propuestas de formación metateórica del profesorado de ciencias.It is acknowledged within didactics of science that knowledge about the nature of science is one of the fundamental components of general scientific literacy. This fact generates the need to introduce the philosophy of science in pre- and in-service science teacher education. In this paper, we present a conceptual framework that may result in theoretical criteria to select contents from the philosophy of science. This framework is used to analyse several proposals to teach the philosophy of science to science teachers

Treatment for alcohol dependence in Catalonia: health outcomes and stability of drinking patterns over 20 Years in 850 patients

Dependència de l'acohol; Estudi d'evolucióDependencia del alcohol; Estudio de evoluciónAlcohol dependence; Evolution studyAims: The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term outcomes in alcohol-dependent patients following outpatient treatment and gender differences in drinking outcome and mortality. Methods: A 20-year longitudinal prospective study was done with interim analyses at 1, 5 and 10 years. Of the original sample of 850 patients, 767 (90%) were located 20 years later and 393 of these were interviewed. 273 (32%) patients died during the intervening period and 101 (12%) no longer wished to participate in the study. Drinking status was assigned based on the 12 months prior to the follow-up interview. Results: At the 20-year follow-up, 277 (32.6%) of the 393 patients for whom drinking status could be assigned were abstinent (defined never drinking or drinking on less than occasion per month and never more than four drinks/drinking occasion.), 29 (3.4%) were controlled drinkers and 87 (10.2%) were heavy drinkers. Controlled drinking was the least stable category, with 23% continuing from year 5 to year 10 in that category, and 10% continuing in that category from year 10 to year 20. Mortality was higher (39.1%) in those who had been categorized at year 5 as heavy drinkers compared to those who had been categorized as controlled drinkers or abstinent. Abstinent patients reported fewer alcohol-related problems and better psychosocial functioning than heavy drinkers. Women achieved higher abstinence rates (47.2% versus 29.0%, P = 0.005) and had lower mortality (22.4% versus 34.5%, P = 0.03) than men. Conclusions: Over the long-term, abstinence is the most frequent and stable drinking outcome achieved and is associated with fewer problems and better psychosocial functioning. Controlled drinking is rarely achieved and sustained. Women appear to do better than men in the long term.Funding for this study was provided by a grant from the Department of Health, Government of Catalonia, Spain

Use of an isothermal microcalorimetry assay to characterize microbial oxalotrophic activity

Isothermal microcalorimetry (IMC) has been used in the past to monitor metabolic activities in living systems. A few studies have used it on ecological research. In this study, IMC was used to monitor oxalotrophic activity, a widespread bacterial metabolism found in the environment, and particularly in soils. Six model strains were inoculated in solid angle media with K-oxalate as the sole carbon source.Cupriavidus oxalaticus,Cupriavidus necator, andStreptomyces violaceoruber presented the highest activity (91, 40, and 55 μW, respectively) and a maximum growth rate (μmax h−1) of 0.264, 0.185, and 0.199, respectively, among the strains tested. These three strains were selected to test the incidence of different oxalate sources (Ca, Cu, and Fe-oxalate salts) in the metabolic activity. The highest activity was obtained in Ca-oxalate forC. oxalaticus. Similar experiments were carried out with a model soil to test whether this approach can be used to measure oxalotrophic activity in field samples. Although measuring oxalotrophic activity in a soil was challenging, there was a clear effect of the amendment with oxalate on the metabolic activity measured in soil. The correlation between heat flow and growth suggests that IMC analysis is a powerful method to monitor bacterial oxalotrophic activit

In A Society of Strangers, Kin Is Still Key: Identified Family Relations In Large-Scale Mobile Phone Data

Mobile call networks have been widely used to investigate communication patterns and the network of interactions of humans at the societal scale. Yet, more detailed analysis is often hindered by having no information about the nature of the relationships, even if some metadata about the individuals are available. Using a unique, large mobile phone database with information about individual surnames in a population in which people inherit two surnames: one from their father, and one from their mother, we are able to differentiate among close kin relationship types. Here we focus on the difference between the most frequently called alters depending on whether they are family relationships or not. We find support in the data for two hypotheses: (1) phone calls between family members are more frequent and last longer than phone calls between non-kin, and (2) the phone call pattern between family members show a higher variation depending on the stage of life-course compared to non-family members. We give an interpretation of these findings within the framework of evolutionary anthropology: kinship matters even when demographic processes, such as low fertility, urbanisation and migration reduce the access to family members. Furthermore, our results provide tools for distinguishing between different kinds of kin relationships from mobile call data, when information about names are unavailable.Comment: 26 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, supplementary material at the en

Performance of alere determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab combo rapid test for acute HIV infection: A case report | Performance del test rapido Alere Determine HIV-1/2 Ag/Ab Combo nell?infezione acuta da HIV: Un caso clinic

We describe a case of symptomatic acute HIV infection in a young man where a fourth-generation rapid screening test combining HIV-specific antibody and p24 antigen was negative. In highly suspicious cases of acute HIV infection, plasma HIV RNA assays together with conventional, non-rapid screening tests should be used

European Mixed Forests: definition and research perspectives

peer-reviewedAim of study: We aim at (i) developing a reference definition of mixed forests in order to harmonize comparative research in mixed forests and (ii) briefly review the research perspectives in mixed forests. Area of study: The definition is developed in Europe but can be tested worldwide. Material and methods: Review of existent definitions of mixed forests based and literature review encompassing dynamics, management and economic valuation of mixed forests. Main results: A mixed forest is defined as a forest unit, excluding linear formations, where at least two tree species coexist at any developmental stage, sharing common resources (light, water, and/or soil nutrients). The presence of each of the component species is normally quantified as a proportion of the number of stems or of basal area, although volume, biomass or canopy cover as well as proportions by occupied stand area may be used for specific objectives. A variety of structures and patterns of mixtures can occur, and the interactions between the component species and their relative proportions may change over time. The research perspectives identified are (i) species interactions and responses to hazards, (ii) the concept of maximum density in mixed forests, (iii) conversion of monocultures to mixed-species forest and (iv) economic valuation of ecosystem services provided by mixed forests. Research highlights: The definition is considered a high-level one which encompasses previous attempts to define mixed forests. Current fields of research indicate that gradient studies, experimental design approaches, and model simulations are key topics providing new research opportunities.The networking in this study has been supported by COST Action FP1206 EuMIXFOR

The inhibitory effect of noscapine on the in vitro cathepsin G-induced collagen expression in equine endometrium

Research Areas: Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; MicrobiologyABSTRACT - Cathepsin G (CAT) is a protease released by neutrophils when forming neutrophil extracellular traps that was already associated with inducing type I collagen (COL1) in equine endometrium in vitro. Endometrosis is a fibrotic condition mainly characterized by COL1 deposition in the equine endometrium. The objective was to evaluate if noscapine (an alkaloid for cough treatment with anti-neoplastic and anti-fibrotic properties) would reduce COL1A2 transcription (evaluated by qPCR) and COL1 protein relative abundance (evaluated by western blot) induced by CAT in equine endometrial explants from follicular and mid-luteal phases treated for 24 or 48 h. The explants treated with CAT increased COL1 expression. Noscapine decreased COL1A2 transcription at both estrous cycle phases, but COL1 relative protein only at the follicular phase, both induced by CAT. Additionally, the noscapine anti-fibrotic action was found to be more effective in the follicular phase. The CAT treatment caused more fibrosis at the longest period of treatment, while noscapine acted better at the shortest time of treatment. Our results showed that noscapine could act as an anti-fibrotic drug in equine endometrosis by inhibiting CAT in vitro. Noscapine offers a new promising therapeutic tool for treating fibrosis as a single non-selective agent to be considered in the future.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio