Arte como herramienta social y educativa

Since remote times, certain sectors of society have been exposed to inequality and vulnerability, where adequate intervention processes have become conspicuous because of their absence. Nowadays, current societies have the responsibility of contributing, based on their experience and knowledge, with more efficient policies and programs that improve the life quality of the most disadvantaged. It is here where art and its different tools play a very important role, not only on a physical level, but also as an education tool that allows the development of emotional, mental and communicative skills. The aim of this paper is to make clear the potential of art as an instrument of social and educational intervention. It starts by showing worldwide-collected experience related to education and arts, and then, it acquaints the reader with two parallel intervention projects that worked with youths under social vulnerability conditions. These interventions were developed based on a qualitative research (Grounded theory), using as methodology “The Artistic Mediation” with emphasis on body language. This methodology helped researchers to get close to the participants and to know their experiences and emotions. At the same time, it was possible to evidence the positive effects of educative interventions through art. These workshops were based on an artistic methodology especially focused on body language. Data in this work is qualitative, and as such, it permits a special approach to the personal and emotional experiences of the participants; clearly showing the positive effects of the referenced practice on them.Históricamente, determinados sectores sociales como la infancia y la adolescencia en riesgo social han estado expuestos a la desigualdad y la vulnerabilidad. En las sociedades actuales tenemos la responsabilidad de contribuir con nuestros avances y saberes a mejorar las condiciones de vida de estos grupos poblacionales y es allí donde el arte y sus diversas herramientas juegan un papel fundamental, no solo a nivel corporal (visto como un tipo de actividad física) sino también como herramienta educativa en donde es posible desarrollar habilidades emocionales, mentales y comunicativas. Las intervenciones han sido desarrolladas basadas en la investigación cualitativa (Estudio de caso y Teoría fundamentada) utilizando la metodología de la mediación artística, enfocada específicamente en la expresión corporal. Este tipo de investigación permitió la aproximación a las vivencias personales y emocionales de los participantes que, a su vez, permitió evidenciar claramente los efectos positivos de las intervenciones educativas a través del arte

Perfil de función y discapacidad en pacientes pediátricos ambulatorios con cáncer

Introducción. El cáncer infantil, aunque tiene una baja prevalencia, genera un alto impacto en las metas de desarrollo y funcionalidad esperadas para la edad, impacto que puede ser descrito utilizando la nomenclatura propuesta por la Clasificación Internacional del Funcionamiento, la Discapacidad y la Salud (CIF). Objetivo. Describir los perfiles de función y discapacidad de los pacientes menores de 18 años atendidos en consulta externa del Servicio de Rehabilitación Oncológica del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de Bogotá (Colombia). Métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo de corte transversal. Se construyeron perfiles de función y discapacidad mediante análisis de correspondencia múltiple. Resultados. Se incluyeron 127 historias clínicas analizadas en tres grupos etarios. En el de 0 a 5 años (15,75%) predominó la leucemia linfoblástica (40%) y los tumores de sistema nervioso central (20%), con mayor compromiso en estructuras del sistema nervioso, funciones sensoriales y la movilidad. En el de 6 a 10 años (19,68%) el diagnóstico más frecuente fue el tumor del sistema nervioso central (56%), con mayor compromiso en dominios de actividades y participación. En el de 11 a 18 años (64,56%) predominaron los tumores osteomusculares (52,43%), con compromiso en estructuras relacionadas con el movimiento, funciones sensoriales relacionadas con el dolor, funciones neuromusculoesqueléticas y restricciones para la movilidad y para la participación en actividades principales de la vida. Conclusión. El dominio funcionalcon mayor peso estadístico en la construcción de los perfiles funcionales es el de actividades y participación, el cual debe ser evaluado con medidas ajustadas a la edad para facilitar el seguimiento de rehabilitación en términos de metas del desarrollo y participación esperada para la edad

Art as an educative and social tool

Since remote times, certain sectors of society have been exposed to inequality and vulnerability, where adequate intervention processes have become conspicuous because of their absence. Nowadays, current societies have the responsibility of contributing, based on their experience and knowledge, with more efficient policies and programs that improve the life quality of the most disadvantaged. It is here where art and its different tools play a very important role, not only on a physical level, but also as an education tool that allows the development of emotional, mental and communicative skills. The aim of this paper is to make clear the potential of art as an instrument of social and educational intervention. It starts by showing worldwide-collected experience related to education and arts, and then, it acquaints the reader with two parallel intervention projects that worked with youths under social vulnerability conditions. These interventions were developed based on a qualitative research (Grounded theory), using as methodology “The Artistic Mediation” with emphasis on body language. This methodology helped researchers to get close to the participants and to know their experiences and emotions. At the same time, it was possible to evidence the positive effects of educative interventions through art. These workshops were based on an artistic methodology especially focused on body language. Data in this work is qualitative, and as such, it permits a special approach to the personal and emotional experiences of the participants; clearly showing the positive effects of the referenced practice on them.</p

Liderazgo social como sentencia de muerte: el posacuerdo en Colombia

En este artículo se analiza el asesinato de líderes sociales en Colombia entre noviembre de 2016 y junio de 2020 mediante una técnica relacional logit para identificar los factores asociados a una mayor probabilidad de ser una víctima de asesinato por ejercer un liderazgo social. La hipótesis sostiene que estos asesinatos son sistemáticos y obedecen a un patrón relacionado con el conflicto armado. Los hallazgos indican que ser hombre, vivir en departamentos históricamente asediados por el conflicto armado, defender causas indígenas o campesinas y pertenecer a una junta de acción comunal son los factores asociados a ser víctima de este tipo de homicidio

FunGramKB y la Adquisición Terminológica

Este artículo presenta de una manera práctica el proceso de recopilación y adquisición terminológica mediante la herramienta FunGramKB Term Extractor. Analizaremos paso a paso cómo, partiendo de un corpus de textos, obtenemos y definimos un conjunto de términos especializados representativos de un área temática concreta. La importancia de la adquisición terminológica es doble: por un lado, los términos especializados servirán como sustrato lingüístico, tanto para la definición de conceptos como para la creación de subontologías vinculadas a la Ontología Nuclear de la base de conocimiento FunGramKB; en segundo lugar, el trabajo terminológico permitirá no sólo el poblamiento conceptual de un dominio terminológico, sino también la creación de glosarios y diccionarios especializados para labores traductológicas o didácticas

Fire-induced loss of the world's most biodiverse forests in Latin America

The quantitative signal for the association of fires and land cover change is strong and the impact of frequent fires is vast. Fire plays a dominant role in deforestation, particularly in the tropics, but the relative extent of transformations and influence of fire frequency on eventual forest loss remain unclear. Here, we analyze the frequency of fire and its influence on postfire forest trajectories between 2001 and 2018. We account for ~1.1% of Latin American forests burnt in 2002-2003 (8,465,850 ha). Although 40.1% of forests (3,393,250 ha) burned only once, by 2018, ~48% of the evergreen forests converted to other, primarily grass-dominated uses. While greater fire frequency yielded more transformation, our results reveal the staggering impact of even a single fire. Increasing fire frequency imposes greater risks of irreversible forest loss, transforming forests into ecosystems increasingly vulnerable to degradation. Reversing this trend is indispensable to both mitigate and adapt to climate change globally. As climate change transforms fire regimes across the region, key actions are needed to conserve Latin American forests

Plan de Auditoría Interna Dirigido al Sistema de Gestión de Calidad e Inocuidad ISO 22000:2018 de la Empresa Productos Alimenticios Estrella Gourmet

No aplicaEl Plan de Auditoría que se propone, se planifica, organiza y desarrolla con la finalidad de cumplir con los requisitos establecidos en la ISO 22000:2018 con base al Caso de la Empresa Producto Alimenticio Estrella Gourmet, Teniendo en cuenta cada uno de los hallazgos identificados según sea la problemática expuesta lo que permite realizar las acciones correctivas establecidas para una mejora continua en los procesos de la organización, dando inicio desde la evaluación de los procedimientos o métodos realizados en la empresa, para de esta forma garantizan la implementación del sistema de gestión de inocuidad (SGI) en cada uno de ellos. El plan de auditoría permite que el sistema de gestión de inocuidad (SGI) se planifique, implemente y supervise de acuerdo con ISO 22000:2018. Para obtener resultados satisfactorios , es necesario definir los objetivos en relación con lo que se desea verificar en los hallazgos expuestos en el SGI, que permitan la obtención de resultados satisfactorios y se establezcan objetivos con relación a lo que se desea ejecutar en los expuestos en el SGI , junto con el Equipo de Auditoría, el Auditado debe contar con evidencia y reconocimiento de los procesos que se van a realizar dentroThe Audit Plan that is proposed, planned, organized and developed in order to comply with the requirements established in ISO 22000: 2018 based on the Case of the Estrella Gourmet Food Product Company, taking into account each of the identified findings depending on the problem exposed, which allows the corrective actions established for continuous improvement in the organization's processes to be carried out, starting from the evaluation of the procedures or methods carried out in the company, in order to guarantee the implementation of the management system of safety (SGI) in each one of them. The Audit Plan allows verifying that the safety management system (SGI) is planned, executed, and is followed up based on ISO 22000:2018. In order to obtain satisfactory results, it is necessary to define very well the objectives in relation to what is to be verified in the findings exposed in the SGI, which allows obtaining satisfactory results and to establish objectives in relation to what is to be executed in the Findings exposed in the IMS, together with the Audit Team, the Auditee must have evidence and recognition of the processes that are going to be carried out within the Audit, using the Necessary Resources for it, being the Technological, Physical and Financial Resources those that They allow generating and maintaining a record of the results obtained during the development of the Activities of the Audit Plan

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Red “Universidad, género, docencia e igualdad”

La Red de investigación en docencia universitaria “Universidad, docencia, genero e igualdad” persigue avanzar en la calidad e innovación de las enseñanzas universitarias a partir de la inclusión de la perspectiva de género. Se busca dar cumplimiento a las directrices generales de los nuevos planes de estudio respecto del principio de igualdad de oportunidades entre hombres y mujeres en la formación universitaria (Real Decreto 1393/2007. BOE nº 260, 30 de octubre de 2007). En la quinta edición de la Red, y dada su composición multidisciplinar, se ha trabajado en tres líneas de investigación: 1) mantenimiento del “Portal web con recursos docentes con perspectiva de género”, proyecto financiado por el Instituto de la Mujer (PACUI, 2012) e iniciado en el curso 2012-2013; 2) desarrollo de la primera versión de “iLengUA”, una herramienta informática para un discurso inclusivo e igualitario; y 3) diseño de una Guía de recomendaciones para la inclusión de la perspectiva de género en la docencia universitaria

Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study

Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak. Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study. Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM. Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide