Signatures of Environmental Adaptation During Range Expansion of Wild Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Abstract Landscape genomics integrates population genetics with landscape ecology, allowing the identification of putative molecular determinants involved in environmental adaptation across the natural geographic and ecological range of populations. Wild Phaseolus vulgaris , the progenitor of common bean ( P. vulgaris ), has a remarkably extended distribution over 10,000 km from northern Mexico to northwestern Argentina. Earlier research has shown that this distribution represents a range expansion from Mesoamerica to the southern Andes through several discrete migration events and that the species colonized areas with different temperature and rainfall compared to its core area of origin. Thus, this species provides an opportunity to examine to what extent adaptation of a species can be broadened or, conversely, ecological or geographical distribution can be limited by inherent adaptedness. In the current study, we applied a landscape genomics approach to a collection of 246 wild common bean accessions representative of its broad geographical and climatic distribution and genotyped for ∼20K SNPs. We applied two different but complementary approaches for identifying loci putatively involved in environmental adaptation: i) an outlier-detection method that identifies loci showing strong differentiation between sub-populations; ii) an association method based on the identification of loci associated with bio-climatic variables. This integrated approach allowed the identification of several genes showing signature of selection across the different natural sub-populations of this species, as well as genes associated with specific bio-climatic variables related to temperature and precipitation. The current study demonstrates the feasibility of landscape genomics approach for a preliminary identification of specific populations and novel candidate genes involved in environmental adaptation in P. vulgaris . As a resource for broadening the genetic diversity of the domesticated gene pool of this species, the genes identified constitute potential molecular markers and introgression targets for the breeding improvement of domesticated common bean. Author Summary The ancestral form of common bean has an unusually large distribution in the Americas, extending over 10,000 km from ∼35° N. Lat. to ∼35° S. Lat. This wide distribution results from discrete long-range dissemination events to the Andes region from the original environments in Mesoamerica. It also suggests adaptation to new environments that are distinct from those encountered in Mesoamerica. In this research, we identified genes that may be involved in adaptation to climate variables in these new environments using two methods. A first method – outlier detection – was used to identify genome regions that differentiated the wild bean groups in the Andes resulting from discrete dissemination events among themselves and the different groups in Mesoamerica. The second method – genome-wide association – was used to identify candidate genome regions correlated with these same variables across the entire distribution from Mesoamerica to the southern Andes. The two methods identified two sets of candidate genes, several of which were related to the water status of plants, and illustrate how the genetic architecture of adaptation following long-range dissemination. This study provides sets of candidate genes as well as candidate wild bean populations that need to be corroborated for their use in increasing the water use efficiency of domesticated beans

Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Minat Penggunaan Aplikasi Atome Di Kalangan Mahasiswa Universitas Surabaya

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of UTAUT 2 (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating condition, hedonic motivation, price value and habit) on intention to use of Atome among students at Surabaya University. This study used a quantitative approach and questionnaire data of 100 respondents. The method of analysis in this study uses SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) with SmartPLS version 3. The results of the research conducted show that effort expectancy, facilitating condition, hedonic motivation and habit have a positive and significant impact on intention to use of Atome, then performance expectancy, social influence and price value have no effect on intention to use of Atome. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh model UTAUT 2 (ekspektasi kinerja, ekspektasi usaha, pengaruh sosial, fasilitas pendukung, motivasi hedonis, harga dan kebiasaan)terhadap minat penggunaanterhadap aplikasi Atome di kalangan mahasiswa Universitas Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan data kuesioner sebanyak 100 responden. Cara analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) dengan software SmartPLS versi 3. Hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa ekspektasi usaha, fasilitas pendukung, motivasi hedonis dan kebiasaanmemiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat penggunaan aplikasi Atome, kemudian ekspektasi kinerja, pengaruh sosial dan harga tidak berpengaruh pada minat penggunaan aplikasi Atome

Students with Learning Disabilities at University. Design of a Protocol for Usability of Teaching and Individual Study

The Learning Disabilities (LD) creates a real difficulty in the study, because they assume the evolution of certain prerequisites and involve a number of functions that impact against the decoding of the alphabetic code. By definition they have an evolutionary nature, ie they vary with the age of the person. This article explores the characteristics of LD in adulthood and the impact with theuniversity teaching. It presents the results of an interdisciplinary project in progress (educational,medical and engineering area) at University of Florence, suitable to provide a procedural protocol for the usability of teaching in university and to support individual study. The purpose of project is to design of a protocol for usability of teaching and individual study, even at university level as indicated by the recent Italian legislation (Law 170/2010)

Genome-wide characterisation and expression profile of the grapevine ATL ubiquitin ligase family reveal biotic and abiotic stress-responsive and development-related members

The Arabidopsis T\uf3xicos en Levadura (ATL) protein family is a class of E3 ubiquitin ligases with a characteristic RING-H2 Zn-finger structure that mediates diverse physiological processes and stress responses in plants. We carried out a genome-wide survey of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) ATL genes and retrieved 96 sequences containing the canonical ATL RING-H2 domain. We analysed their genomic organisation, gene structure and evolution, protein domains and phylogenetic relationships. Clustering revealed several clades, as already reported in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa), with an expanded subgroup of grapevine-specific genes. Most of the grapevine ATL genes lacked introns and were scattered among the 19 chromosomes, with a high level of duplication retention. Expression profiling revealed that some ATL genes are expressed specifically during early or late development and may participate in the juvenile to mature plant transition, whereas others may play a role in pathogen and/or abiotic stress responses, making them key candidates for further functional analysis. Our data offer the first genome-wide overview and annotation of the grapevine ATL family, and provide a basis for investigating the roles of specific family members in grapevine physiology and stress responses, as well as potential biotechnological applications

Lactobacillus plantarum LP01, Lactobacillus lactis subspecies cremoris LLC02, and Lactobacillus delbrueckii LDD01) in patients undergoing bowel preparation.

Bowel preparation (BP) for colonoscopy induces significantly changes in gut microbiota and elicit intestinal symptoms. Impaired microbiota causes an intestinal dysbiosis. Consequently, probiotics may counterbalance the disturbed microbiota after BP. The current survey evaluated the efficacy and safety of Abincol®, an oral nutraceutical containing a probiotic mixture with Lactobacillus plantarum LP01 (1 billion of living cells), Lactobacillus lactis subspecies cremoris LLC02 (800 millions of living cells), and Lactobacillus delbrueckii LDD01 (200 millions of living cells), in 2,979 outpatients (1,579 males and 1,400 females, mean age 56 years) undergoing BP. Patients took 1 stick/daily for 4 weeks after colonoscopy. Abincol® significantly diminished the presence and the severity of intestinal symptoms and improved stool form. In conclusion, the current survey suggests that Abincol® may be considered an effective and safe therapeutic option in the management of patients undergoing BP

Comprehensive workflow for the genome-wide identification and expression meta-analysis of the ATL E3 ubiquitin ligase gene family in grapevine

Classification and nomenclature of genes in a family can significantly contribute to the description of the diversity of encoded proteins and to the prediction of family functions based on several features, such as the presence of sequence motifs or of particular sites for post-translational modification and the expression profile of family members in different conditions. This work describes a detailed protocol for gene family characterization. Here, the procedure is applied to the characterization of the Arabidopsis Tóxicos in Levadura (ATL) E3 ubiquitin ligase family in grapevine. The methods include the genome-wide identification of family members, the characterization of gene localization, structure, and duplication, the analysis of conserved protein motifs, the prediction of protein localization and phosphorylation sites as well as gene expression profiling across the family in different datasets. Such procedure, which could be extended to further analyses depending on experimental purposes, could be applied to any gene family in any plant species for which genomic data are available, and it provides valuable information to identify interesting candidates for functional studies, giving insights into the molecular mechanisms of plant adaptation to their environment.The work was supported by the University of Verona within the frame of Joint Project 2014 (Characterization of the ATL gene family in grapevine and of its involvement in resistance to Plasmopara viticola)

Heterozygosity for Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis predisposes to Bipolar Disorder

Objective: Bipolar Disorder (BD) is an heritable chronic mental disorder causing psychosocial impairment, affecting patients with depressive/manic episodes. The familial transmission of BD does not follow any of the simple Mendelian patterns of inheritance. The aim of this study is to describe a new large family with twelve affected BD members: WES was performed in eight of them, three of which were diagnosed for BD, and one was reported as a "borderline" individual. Material and methods: WES data allowed us to select variants in common between the affected subjects, once including and once excluding a "borderline" subject with moderate anxiety and traits of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Results: Results were in favor of new predisposing BD genes, electing a heterozygous missense variant in CLN6 resulting in a "borderline" phenotype that if combined with a heterozygous missense variant in ZNF92 is responsible for the more severe BD phenotype. Both rare missense changes are predicted to disrupt the protein function. Conclusions: Loss of both alleles in CLN6 causes Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis, a severe progressive neurological disorder of childhood. Our results indicate that heterozygous CLN6 carriers, previously reported as healthy, may be susceptible to bipolar disorder late in life if associated with additional variants in ZNF92

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Municipio de Yopal, Villanueva, Orocué, Puerto Carreño y Bogotá

El siguiente trabajo consistió en analizar el relato de historias que retornan, para ello se seleccionó el caso de Nelson, se formularon preguntas circulares, reflexivas y estratégicas, acordes al caso de Nelson, que permitieron un análisis aproximándose a esa realidad que padecieron las víctimas, mismo se hizo un análisis respecto al caso de la masacre en el Salado, luego de haber revisado un video se resaltan la resiliencia después de 20 años y para ello se formularon unas preguntas orientadoras en cuanto al caso de la masacre en el salado, se hizo necesario implementar dos estrategias con una serie de actividades que permitan a esta comunidad fortalecer ese afrontamiento que han tenido que padecer durante los 20 largos años, así mismo se quiere identificar y fortalecer diferentes redes de apoyo de la comunidad. Esta que les permita buscar ayudas necesarias a través de la atención psicosocial que puedan recibir. Seguidamente se realizó un análisis reflexivo con el ejercicio de la foto voz del paso 3, de este diplomado, sin dejar atrás se revive un video realizado por los estudiantes, con miras de reconocer el aprendizaje adquirido en esta fase, al igual que permite identificar las competencias de los estudiantes de una manera objetiva en los entornos de la violencia que ha padecido Colombia.The following work consisted of analyzing the story of stories that return, for this the case of Nelson was selected, circular, reflective and strategic questions were formulated, according to the case of Nelson, which allowed an analysis approaching that reality that the victims suffered, Likewise, an analysis was made regarding the case of the massacre in El Salado, after having reviewed a video, the resilience after 20 years was highlighted and for this, some guiding questions were formulated regarding the case of the massacre in El Salado. Necessary to implement two strategies with a series of activities that allow this community to strengthen that coping that they have had to suffer during the 20 long years, likewise they want to identify and strengthen different community support networks. This allows them to seek the necessary help through the psychosocial care they can receive. Next, a reflective analysis was carried out with the voice photo exercise of step 3, of this diploma course, without leaving behind a video made by the students, with the aim of recognizing the learning acquired in this phase, as well as allowing the identification of the students' competencies in an objective way in the environments of violence that Colombia has suffered

Selection and adaptive introgression guided the complex evolutionary history of the European common bean

: Domesticated crops have been disseminated by humans over vast geographic areas. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was introduced in Europe after 1492. Here, by combining whole-genome profiling, metabolic fingerprinting and phenotypic characterisation, we show that the first common bean cultigens successfully introduced into Europe were of Andean origin, after Francisco Pizarro's expedition to northern Peru in 1529. We reveal that hybridisation, selection and recombination have shaped the genomic diversity of the European common bean in parallel with political constraints. There is clear evidence of adaptive introgression into the Mesoamerican-derived European genotypes, with 44 Andean introgressed genomic segments shared by more than 90% of European accessions and distributed across all chromosomes except PvChr11. Genomic scans for signatures of selection highlight the role of genes relevant to flowering and environmental adaptation, suggesting that introgression has been crucial for the dissemination of this tropical crop to the temperate regions of Europe

Adalimumab and ABP 501 in the Treatment of a Large Cohort of Patients with Inflammatory Arthritis: A Real Life Retrospective Analysis

The recent introduction of ABP 501, an adalimumab biosimilar, in the treatment of rheumatic diseases was supported by a comprehensive comparability exercise with its originator. On the other hand, observational studies comparing adalimumab and ABP 501 in inflammatory arthritis are still lacking. The main aim of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes of the treatment with adalimumab, both the originator and ABP 501, in a large cohort of patients affected by autoimmune arthritis in a real life setting. We retrospectively analysed the baseline characteristics and the retention rate in a cohort of patients who received at least a course of adalimumab (originator or ABP 501) from January 2003 to December 2020. We stratified the study population according to adalimumab use: naive to original (oADA), naive to ABP 501 (bADA) and switched from original to ABP 501 (sADA). The oADA, bADA and sADA groups included, respectively, 724, 129 and 193 patients. In each group, the majority of patients had a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. The total observation period was 9805.6 patient-months. The 18-month retentions rate in oADA, bADA and sADA was, respectively, 81.5%, 84.0% and 88.0% (p > 0.05). The factors influencing the adalimumab retention rate were an axial spondylarthritis diagnosis (Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.70; p = 0.04), switch from oADA to ABP 501 (HR 0.53; p = 0.02) and year of prescription (HR 1.04; p = 0.04). In this retrospective study, patients naive to the adalimumab originator and its biosimilar ABP 501 showed the same retention rate. Patients switching from the originator to biosimilar had a higher retention rate, even though not statistically significant, when compared to naive