The Origin of Inlet Buzz in a Mach 1.7 Low Boom Inlet Design

Supersonic inlets with external compression, having a good level performance at the critical operating point, exhibit a marked instability of the flow in some subcritical operation below a critical value of the capture mass flow ratio. This takes the form of severe oscillations of the shock system, commonly known as "buzz". The underlying purpose of this study is to indicate how Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) analysis of supersonic inlets will alter how we envision unsteady inlet aerodynamics, particularly inlet buzz. Presented in this paper is a discussion regarding the physical explanation underlying inlet buzz as indicated by DES analysis. It is the normal shock wave boundary layer separation along the spike surface which reduces the capture mass flow that is the controlling mechanism which determines the onset of inlet buzz, and it is the aerodynamic characteristics of a choked nozzle that provide the feedback mechanism that sustains the buzz cycle by imposing a fixed mean corrected inlet weight flow. Comparisons between the DES analysis of the Lockheed Martin Corporation (LMCO) N+2 inlet and schlieren photographs taken during the test of the Gulfstream Large Scale Low Boom (LSLB) inlet in the NASA 8x6 ft. Supersonic Wind Tunnel (SWT) show a strong similarity both in turbulent flow field structure and shock wave formation during the buzz cycle. This demonstrates the value of DES analysis for the design and understanding of supersonic inlets

Paraplegic Wakeboard Suspension Design and Testing

Abstract The Paraplegic Wakeboard Suspension provides paraplegics with a comfortable and safe environment as wakeboard riders. Due to their disabilities, people with paraplegia either are not able to enjoy standard wakeboarding, or cannot afford it due to the high prices the current market holds. The current market for suspension attachments for wakeboards is very limited and costly for those looking to get into the sport. Our competitors, such as Swaik, have accomplished the task of distributing the oscillatory loading produced by the waves and transmitted to the rider via their full-flex suspension system. Although their design is costly, starting around $2000, the cost of our suspension, wakeboard, and seat altogether will be less than$1000. Additionally, the major improvement in our suspension system is the addition of two DNM adjustable air shock absorbers to allow precise control for multiple wakeboarding scenarios. The design is also modular in that it can be placed on any standard sized wakeboard via M6 bolts. The prototype of the suspension is made with 2xs4 wood and 1x3 wood, and will undergo structural testing before the final suspension can be built using aluminum. The final suspension will undergo testing that validates the initial design requirements. Keywords: Paraplegic, Suspension, Wakeboard, Shocks

UVA II Exposure of Human Skin Results in Decreased Immunization Capacity, Increased Induction of Tolerance and a Unique Pattern of Epidermal Antigen-Presenting Cell Alteration

The risks incurred from increased exposure to UVA II (320-340 nm) ( i.e. during sunscreen use and extended outdoor exposure, tanning parlors) are not well understood. Therefore, we explored the effects of UVA II on skin immune responses in humans. After a single local exposure (4 minimum erythemal dose [MED]) using a xenon arc lamp filtered with a narrow bandpass filter (335 ± 5 nm full width at half maximum), individuals were contact-sensitized with dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) through a UVA II exposure site or through normal skin. UVA II induced a marked decrease in the magnitude of skin immune responses ( P < 0.0001). The UVA II group had only 29% successful sensitizations, as compared to 83% in the control group. The percentage of individuals who remained tolerant to DNCB after two sensitizations was 23.6% for the UVA II-exposed group, as compared to 3.8% in the controls ( P = 0.006). UVA II also uniquely altered the type of antigen-presenting cells present in the epidermis. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR+ cells in control epidermal cell suspensions (C-EC) comprised a single, homogeneous population of Langerhans cells (LC) with the phenotype: CD1a hi DR mid CD11b − CD36 − (1.5 ± 0.3% of EC). UVA II irradiation reduced the number of such LC to 0.6 ± 0.2% of EC. Although cells expressing the macrophage phenotype: CD1a DR hi CD11b+ CD36+ were increased in UVA II skin, relative to C-EC, these comprised only 10.1 ± 6.1% of the DR+ cells, which is less than that after UVB exposure. Also distinct from UVB, a third population was found in UVA II-EC, which exhibited a novel phenotype: CD1a+ DR+ CD36+ CDllb+; these comprised 11.1 ± 6.9% of the DR+ UVA II-EC. In conclusion, despite the above differences in infiltrating DR cells, both UVB and UVA II reduce the skin's ability to support contact sensitization, induce active suppression (tolerance) and induce a reduction in LC.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73639/1/j.1751-1097.1997.tb01903.x.pd

Excisional treatment in women with cervical adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS): a prospective randomised controlled noninferiority trial to compare AIS persistence/recurrence after loop electrosurgical excision procedure with cold knife cone biopsy: protocol for a pilot study

Introduction: Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) of the uterine cervix is the precursor to invasive endocervical adenocarcinoma. An excisional biopsy such as a cold knife cone biopsy (CKC) should be performed to exclude invasive adenocarcinoma. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is an alternative modality to CKC but is controversial in AIS. There is a perception that there is a greater likelihood of incomplete excision of AIS with LEEP because the depth of excised tissue tends to be smaller and the tissue margins may show thermal artefact which can interfere with pathology assessment. In the USA, guidelines recommend that any treatment modality can be used to excise AIS, provided that the specimen remains intact with interpretable margins. However, there are no high-quality studies comparing LEEP with CKC and well-designed prospective studies are needed. If such a study were to show that LEEP was non-inferior to CKC for the outcomes of post-treatment persistence, recurrence and adenocarcinoma, LEEP could be recommended as an appropriate treatment option for AIS in selected patients. This would benefit women because, unlike CKC, LEEP does not require general anaesthesia and may be associated with reduced morbidity. Methods and analysis: The proposed exploratory study is a parallel group trial with an allocation ratio of 2:1 in favour of the intervention (LEEP: CKC). Participants are women aged ≥18 to ≤45 years diagnosed with AIS on cervical screening and/or colposcopically directed biopsy in Australia and New Zealand, who are to receive excisional treatment in a tertiary level centre. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval for the study has been granted by the St John of God Healthcare Human Research Ethics Committee (reference number #1137)

Career Pathways for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Workforce: Literature Review Report: Career Pathways Project

This literature review has been undertaken as a part of the research activities for the Career Pathways Project (CPP) for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health professionals commissioned by the Lowitja Institute. The CPP is focussed on providing insights and guidance to enhance the capacity of the health system to retain and support the development and careers of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the health workforce and takes a national perspective. This project was initiated by Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisations (ACCHOs) and involves leadership at all levels by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander investigators, partners and field researchers. The aim of the literature review is to examine the peer and grey literature to inform the broader CPP research activities and proposed actions for strengthening the career development opportunities and pathways of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the health workforce. The review focuses on four key questions: 1. What are the unique skill sets and values that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health staff and health professionals can, and do, contribute to health services? 2. What are the experiences of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health staff and health professionals in entering, and progressing, their careers within health services? 3. What factors facilitate Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workforce career development and career advancement? 4. What factors impede Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workforce career development and career advancement? In undertaking this literature review and addressing these questions, we first briefly provide a snapshot of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workforce and then consider key concepts related to careers. We do so to frame the findings of the literature review provided within the main body of this report and to acknowledge the importance of privileging the contexts, values and perspectives of those who constitute the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workforce

A FEMINILIDADE E A MASCULINIDADE DOS INDIVÍDUOS NAS ORGANIZAÇÕES: A TEORIA QUEER E AS FUNÇÕES DITAS COMO FEMININAS E MASCULINAS

Is Femininity and Masculinity Characteristically Constructed or Are They Naturally Preset and Inherent in Human Being? This initial question determines the construction of this article whose main objective is to examine the contributions of queer theory to organizational area, understanding how the professions are determined according to the biological sex of the individual. Secondarily, to grasp how gender and sexuality reflect in the representative process of the individual within organizations, especially in functions said to be proper for men and women. Throughout the article it was possible to identify through the contributions of queer theory how organizations separate what is appropriate for woman and for man and, therefore, limiting the view of organizations in selective processes.A Feminilidade e a masculinidade são características construídas socialmente ou são naturalmente preestabelecidas e inerentes ao ser humano? Essa pergunta inicial determina a construção deste artigo que tem como objetivo principal examinar as contribuições da teoria queer para área organizacional, compreendendo as profissões que são determinadas de acordo com o sexo biológico do indivíduo. Secundariamente, apreender de que determinada maneira o gênero e a sexualidade refletem no processo representativo do indivíduo dentro das organizações, principalmente em funções ditas como próprias para homens e mulheres. Ao longo do artigo foi possível identificar através das contribuições da teoria queer como as organizações separam aquilo que é próprio para mulher e para homem e, por conseguinte, limitando a visão das organizações nos processos seletivos.

Community Conversation Guide: How Can Our Community Support the Breastfeeding Experience in Brookings Businesses

This forum is an opportunity for our community to come together and consider breastfeeding and support for our mothers and children with fresh eyes, fresh ideas, and a fresh conversation. Our conversation today will consider different approaches for increasing breastfeeding support in local businesses. This guide introduces the issue, explains concerns with the breastfeeding experience in Brookings businesses, and presents three approaches to improving support. These approaches are not the only possible responses to the issue. Instead, they represent different ways that our community can take action based on our priorities

Brookings Supports Breastfeeding: Using Public Deliberation as a Community-Engaged Approach to Dissemination of Research

Empirical evidence demonstrates myriad benefits of breastfeeding for mother and child, along with benefits to businesses that support breastfeeding. Federal and state legislation requires workplace support for pumping and provides protections for public breastfeeding. Yet, many are unaware of these laws, and thus, support systems remain underdeveloped. We used a community-based approach to spread awareness about the evidence-based benefits of breastfeeding and breastfeeding support. We worked to improve breastfeeding support at the local hospital, among local employers, and throughout the broader community. Our coalition representing the hospital, the chamber of commerce, the university, and local lactation consultants used a public deliberation model for dissemination. We held focus groups, hosted a public conversation, spoke to local organizations, and promoted these efforts through local media. The hospital achieved Baby-Friendly status and opened a Baby Café. Breastfeeding support in the community improved through policies, designated pumping spaces, and signage that supports public breastfeeding at local businesses. Community awareness of the benefits of breastfeeding and breastfeeding support increased; the breastfeeding support coalition remains active. The public deliberation process for dissemination engaged the community with evidence-based promotion of breastfeeding support, increased agency, and produced sustainable results tailored to the community’s unique needs

Prospectus, November 16, 1977

PC PLACES 13 IN YEARBOOK; Finals just a month away; SWAMP meets; Bio talk Dec. 1st; Air Force rep here next week; MSOE rep here; Male health is next CHI topic; Parkland Events; Letters to the editors: Canteen flayed, Quatrain query, Cartoon condemned, ...and defended, Should students drive vehicles?; Carolers sought for kids\u27 party; Nutrition course starts in Jan.; \u27Anne Sexton\u27 tomorrow night; State museum features three new art exhibits; PC art gallery may be a permanent addition; Madwoman of Chaillot: as a parable of Europe, ...as an amusing play; WILL Women\u27s Week specials; Women\u27s Conference hears girls\u27 arguments; Watch repairing wide open field, says Parkland grad; Last winter killed much wildlife: Hunting may be thin this fall; Only 40 spending days \u27til Christmas; Personal Service Guide; Numbers A Woman May Need; Hygienists out on own?; Sorority rush; Moraine Valley takes Women\u27s State Tourney; Attics high on insulation list; Doc says \u27Mason\u27s got it all together\u27; ...Lex says \u27Mason/Loggins remnants of former selves; Final exam schedule; Suppose Custer hadn\u27t died at Little Big Horn; Classifieds; Area teams still vying for state championship; NBC presents new basketball format; Ivy League revisited: Two tie in Freddy Forecast; One more Freddy; Women\u27s basketball tryouts this week; It\u27s basketball time again: Cobras short but accurate this season, State community college teams look to good seasons, Parkland Basketball Roster, Opener tonight at Lincoln pits young Cobras vs. Lynx; IM basketballhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1977/1004/thumbnail.jp