Nursing perspective on assistance quality in a childhood center

O estatuto profissional dos enfermeiros integra no seu domínio a autonomia de atuação perante processos de autorreflexão, diante do exponencial progresso e desenvolvimento do conhecimento em enfermagem. A qualidade tornou-se tema crescente de interesse nas organizações de saúde, colocando a premissa aos enfermeiros de prestarem cuidados de enfermagem de excelência. A cultura da melhoria contínua da qualidade determina que os enfermeiros analisem e reflitam nas suas ações de maneira a implementarem estratégias de monitorização, avaliação e mudanças dos cuidados. Os enfermeiros gestores atuam como um vetor fundamental entre as necessidades dos clientes, dos enfermeiros e da organização. Nesse sentido a finalidade deste estudo baseia-se em conhecer a perceção dos enfermeiros sobre a qualidade que garante a assistência num Centro Materno Infantil. Foram delineados como objetivos: analisar a opinião dos enfermeiros sobre as condições globais do serviço de forma a garantirem a qualidade assistencial; Analisar a relação entre as características sociodemográficas e a perceção dos enfermeiros relativamente com os padrões de qualidade assistencial; Analisar a relação entre as características profissionais e a perceção dos enfermeiros relativamente com padrões de qualidade assistencial; Descrever as atividades de maior representação no Centro Materno Infantil. O estudo de carácter quantitativo, exploratório e descritivo foi realizado num Centro Materno Infantil de Portugal Continental, onde participaram 112 enfermeiros, de uma amostra de conveniência. Como instrumento de colheita de dados foi utilizado um questionário de autopreenchimento. Os resultados evidenciaram que os enfermeiros se preocupam com a qualidade do seu serviço e mostram que denotam preocupação por parte do enfermeiro gestor com a qualidade assistencial. Ainda que percecionem níveis positivos em relação às condições do serviço, apontam uma grande fragilidade a nível de recursos humanos. Através da escala de perceção de atividades de enfermagem que contribuem para a qualidade dos cuidados verificou-se que os enfermeiros executam maioritariamente “Sempre” e “Às vezes” as itens inerentes às categorias dos padrões de qualidade emanados pela Ordem dos Enfermeiros: satisfação do cliente; promoção da saúde; prevenção de complicações, bem-estar e autocuidado; readaptação funcional; organização dos cuidados de enfermagem. A satisfação do cliente surgiu como a categoria mais percecionada como executada pelos enfermeiros, seguido da Prevenção de Complicações e do Bem-Estar e Autocuidado

The mechanisms underlying grammatical gender selection in language production: a meta-analysis of the gender congruency effect

Grammatical gender retrieval during language production has been largely addressed through the picture-word interference (PWI) paradigm, with the aim of capturing the so-called gender congruency effect (GCE). In the PWI paradigm, participants name target pictures while ignoring superimposed written distractor nouns. The GCE shows faster responses when target and distractor nouns share the same gender than when gender differs. Yet, the locus of this effect is not clear: it might be either due to the selection of a determiner or due to the selection of a gender node at the lemma level, which may be primed or delayed by competition. Importantly, many of those who argue that the GCE is not a genuine effect of gender conclude that gender is a feature that is retrieved automatically. Such a claim is controversial since the PWI paradigm has been seen as too complex and perhaps not sensitive enough to capture small effects. Besides, for Romance languages, mixed results draw a complex picture with effects occurring mainly in the opposite direction, i.e., a gender incongruency effect (GIE). In the present study, we conducted a meta-analysis of the 18 studies that have addressed this issue. The results confirm the existence of the GCE as a determiner effect in Germanic/Slavic languages, while little support is found for the GIE in Romance languages. Nevertheless, we argue that the absence of gender effects in Germanic and Slavic languages within the PWI paradigm cannot be taken as evidence of an absence of priming/competition during gender selection and thus as evidence of an automatic selection of gender. Parametric replication of previous studies, especially those featuring bound morphemes, together with the use of other measuring techniques such as event related potentials are suggested as a way forwardThis work was supported by the Government of Spain, Spanish Ministry of Education and Vocational Training, through the Training program for Academic Staff (Ayudas para la Formación del Profesorado Universitario, FPU [FPU16/06983]); the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [research project PID2019-110583GB-I00]; the Galician Government [grant for research groups ED431B 2019/2020]; and the Foundation for Science and Technology of Portugal [IF / 00784/2013 / CP1158 / CT0013]. Finally, the study has also been partially supported by the FCT and the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education through national funds and co-financed by FEDER- European Regional Development Fund through COMPETE2020 under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement [POCI-01-0145- FEDER-007653]S

What a transparent Romance language with a Germanic gender-determiner mapping tells us about gender retrieval: Insights from European Portuguese

The study of the representation and processing of grammatical gender during language production has encountered mixed results regarding which conditions must be met to observe gender effects and whether these reflect the selection of gender values or competition between elements of agreement. The answer seems to depend on the number of determiners associated with each gender and on the language being explored. The present study aims to assess this issue through three picture-word interference tasks in European Portuguese. This is a transparent Romance language featuring a one-to-one gender-determiner mapping system similar to opaque Germanic languages. Conditions of gender in/congruency between targets and distractors were considered, along with gender transparency and agreement. We observed a gender congruency effect restricted to noun phrases. Importantly, the effect was modulated by transparency, which seems relevant regardless of agreement. To explain the results, we adapted the Dual-Route Model of language comprehension to productionThis work was supported by the Government of Spain, Ministry of Education and Vocational Training, through the Training program for Academic Staff (Ayudas para la Formación del Profesorado Universitario, FPU [FPU16/06983]); the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [research project PID2019-110583GB-I00]; the Galician Government [grant for research groups ED431B 2022/2019]; and the Foundation for Science and Technology of Portugal [IF / 00784/2013 / CP1158 / CT0013]. Finally, the study has also been partially supported by the FCT and the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education through national funds and co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE2020 under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement [POCI-01-0145- FEDER-007653]S

Aprendizagens profissionais de atores educativos: um estudo de avaliação de percursos de formação contínua

A avaliação de ações de formação contínua, frequentadas e/ou realizadas por educadores, professores, formadores e outros profissionais de educação, constitui o tema deste estudo desenvolvido na Região Centro de Portugal, mais concretamente em cinco Centros de Formação de Associação de Escolas. Trata-se de um estudo que procurou avaliar as aprendizagens profissionais dos atores educativos que conceberam, desenvolveram e/ou frequentaram ações de formação contínua no período temporal compreendido entre março de 2017 e julho de 2018. O estudo, desenvolvido como um multicaso, incluiu a análise de respostas a inquéritos por questionário e a entrevista, assim como a análise dos programas das ações de formação e dos relatórios dos seus formadores. Os resultados da investigação, centrada sobre os Planos de Formação dos Centros de Formação e sobre as representações dos seus atores, mostram que estes sentem ter-se desenvolvido profissionalmente, mesmo se as aprendizagens realizadas não parecem ter sido suficientes para a alteração das práticas educativas que desenvolvem nos contextos em que atuam. Assim, o estudo evidencia a importância da formação contínua de profissionais de educação, remetendo para a necessidade de se conceberem e realizarem ações mais longas e mais centradas nas escolas, procurando responder às necessidades e expectativas daqueles que as frequentam e que necessitam de renovar as suas práticas.La evaluación de las acciones de formación continua, atendidas y / o realizadas por educadores, profesores, formadores y otros profesionales de la educación, constituye el tema de este estudio desarrollado en la Región Centro de Portugal, concretamente en cinco Centros de Formación de Asociación de Escuelas. Este estudio buscó evaluar el aprendizaje profesional de los actores educativos que concibieron, desarrollaron y/o asistieron a acciones de capacitación continua en el período comprendido entre marzo de 2017 y julio de 2018. El estudio, desarrollado como un estudio de casos múltiples, incluyó el análisis de respuestas a encuestas por cuestionario y por entrevista, así como el análisis de programas de formación e informes de sus formadores. Los resultados de la investigación, centrados en los Planes de Formación de los Centros y en las representaciones de sus actores, muestran que estos sienten que se han desarrollado profesionalmente, incluso si las lecciones aprendidas no parecen haber sido suficientes para cambiar las prácticas educativas desarolladas en los contextos en los que operan. Por lo tanto, el estudio destaca la importancia de la educación continua para los profesionales de la educación, refiriéndose a la necesidad de concebir y llevar a cabo acciones más largas y centradas en las escuelas, buscando responder a las necesidades y expectativas de quién necesita de formación y de renovar sus practicas.The evaluation of in-service training actions, attended and/or carried out by educators, teachers, trainers and other education professionals, constitutes the theme of this study developed in the Central Region of Portugal, more specifically in five Training Centers of Association of Schools. This is a study that aims to evaluate the professional learning of the educational actors who conceived, developed and/or attended in-service training actions between March 2017 and July 2018. The study, developed as a multi-case study, included the analysis of survey responses by questionnaire and interview, as well as analysis of training programs and reports from their educators. The results of the research, centred on the Training Plans of the Training Centers and on the representations of their actors, show that they feel they have developed professionally, even if the lessons learned do not seem to have been sufficient to change the educational practices developed in the real contexts in which they operate. Thus, the study highlights the importance of continuing education for educational actors, referring to the need to conceive and carry out longer and more focused actions in schools, seeking to respond to the needs and expectations of those who attend them and who need to renew their practices.L’évaluation des actions de formation continue, fréquentées et/ou organisées par des éducateurs, enseignants, formateurs et/ou d’autres professionnels de l’éducation, constitue le thème de cette étude développée dans la région centre du Portugal, plus spécifiquement dans cinq centres de formation d’associations d’écoles. Il s’agit d’une étude qui a voulu évaluer l’apprentissage professionnel des acteurs éducatifs qui ont conçu, développé et/ou suivi des actions de formation continue entre mars 2017 et juillet 2018. L’étude, développée sous la forme d’un multi-cas, comprend l’analyse des réponses à des questionnaires et à des entretiens, ainsi que l’analyse de programmes de formation et des rapports de leurs formateurs. Les résultats de la recherche, centrée sur les Plans de Formation des Centres de Formation et sur les représentations de leurs acteurs, montrent que ces acteurs ont le sentiment d’avoir évolué professionnellement, même si les enseignements tirés ne semblent pas suffire à changer les pratiques pédagogiques qui se développent dans les contextes dans lesquels ils opèrent. Ainsi, l’étude souligne l’importance de la formation continue pour les professionnels de l’éducation et renvoie à la nécessité de concevoir et de mener des actions plus longues et plus focalisées sur ou dans les écoles, tout en cherchant à répondre aux besoins et aux attentes de ceux qui les fréquentent et qui nécessitent de renouveler leurs pratiques.publishe

Studies on the mechanism of action of anti-tumor bis(aminophenolate) ruthenium(III) complexes

Two recently published Ru(III) comp lexes bearing ( N 2 O 2 ) tetradentate bis(aminophenolate) ligands, 20 formulated as [Ru(III)( s alan )(PPh 3 )Cl] ( where s alan is the tetradentate ligand 6,6' - (1S,2S) - 21 cyclohexane - 1,2 - diylbis(azanediyl)bis(met hylene)bis(3 - methoxyphenol) in c omplex 1 , or 2,2' - (1S,2S) - 22 cyclohexane - 1,2 - diylbis(azanediyl)bis(meth ylene)bis(4 - methoxyphenol) in c omplex 2 , and PPh 3 is 23 triphenylphosphane ) were studied herein to outline their antitumor mode of action. Previously, it was 24 found that they were very active against human ovar ian and bre a st adenocarcinoma cells (on a 72 h 25 challenge ) . In this work, the human cisplatin - sensitive o varian adeno carcinoma line A2780 was used 26 as the cell model for further studies a t a 24 h challenge . B oth complexes are active , their cytotoxicity 27 being c omparable to that of c isplatin in the same conditions. 28 A s a possible target in the cell for their action, the int eraction of 1 and 2 with DNA was assessed 29 through displacement of well - established DNA fluorescent probes ( ethidium bromide , EB, and 4',6 - 30 d iamidino - 2 - p henylindole, DAPI ) through s teady - state and time - resolved fluorescence spectroscopy . 31 The complete emission spectra were analysed globally for the binary DNA ‒ p robe and ternary DNA ‒ 32 p robe ‒ Ru(III) complex systems . B oth Ru(III) complexes can displace EB and bind to DNA with 33 similar and moderate strong affinity with conditional stability constants of log K’ = ( 5.05 ± 0.01 ) for 1 34 and log K’= ( 4.79 ± 0.01 ) for 2 . The analysis of time - domain fluorescence intensity decays confirmed 35 both qualitatively and quantitatively the model used to describe the binding and competition processes. 36 Cell studies indicated that apoptosis is t he major mechanism of cell death for both complexes , with 2 37 (the mo re active complex ) promoting that process more efficiently than 1 . Transmission electron 38 micro graphs revealed clear a lteration s on intracellular organization consistent with the induction of 39 programmed cell death processes

Protective Response Mechanisms to Heat Stress in Interaction with High [CO2] Conditions in Coffea spp.

This work was supported by national funds from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through the projects PTDC/AGRPRO/3386/2012, the research units UID/AGR/04129/2013 (LEAF) and UID/GEO/04035/2013 (GeoBioTcc), as well through the grant SFRH/BPD/47563/2008 (AT) co-financed through the POPH program subsidized by the European Social Fund. Brazilian funding from CAPES (grams PDSE: 000427/2014-04, W.P. Rodrigues; 0343/2014-05, MM; 12226/12-2, LM), CNPq and Fapemig (fellowships to FDM, FP, and EC) are also greatly acknowledged.Modeling studies have predicted that coffee crop will be endangered by future global warming, but recent reports highlighted that high [CO2] can mitigate heat impacts on coffee. This work aimed at identifying heat protective mechanisms promoted by CO2 in Coffea arabica (cv. Icatu and IPR108) and Coffea canephora cv. Conilon CL153. Plants were grown at 25/20 degrees C (day/night), under 380 or 700 mu L CO2 L-1, and then gradually submitted to 31/25, 37/30, and 42/34 degrees C. Relevant heat tolerance up to 37/30 degrees C for both [CO2] and all coffee genotypes was observed, likely supported by the maintenance or increase of the pools of several protective molecules (neoxanthin, lutein, carotenes, ohtocopherol, HSP70, raffinose), activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), and the upregulated expression of some genes (ELIP, Chaperonin 20). However, at 42/34 degrees C a tolerance threshold was reached, mostly in the 380 -plants and Icatu. Adjustments in raffinose, lutein, beta-carotene, alpha-tocopherol and HSP70 pools, and the upregulated expression of genes related to protective (FLIPS, HSP70, Chape 20, and 60) and antioxidant (CAT, CuSOD2, APX Cyt, APX ChI) proteins were largely driven by temperature. However, enhanced [CO2] maintained higher activities of GR (Icatu) and CAT (Icatu and IPR108), kept (or even increased) the Cu,Zn-SOD, APX, and CAT activities, and promoted a greater upregulation of those enzyme genes, as well as those related to HSP70, ELIPs, Chaperonins in CL153, and Icatu. These changes likely favored the maintenance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at controlled levels and contributed to mitigate of photosystem II photoinhibition at the highest temperature. Overall, our results highlighted the important role of enhanced [CO2] on the coffee crop acclimation and sustainability under predicted future global warming scenarios.publishersversionpublishe

Lipid profile adjustments may contribute to warming acclimation and to heat impact mitigation by elevated [CO2] in Coffea spp

This work was supported by European Union, Program Horizon 2020, call H2020-SFS-2016-2, action RIA, and Portuguese national funds from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (project PTDC/ASP-AGR/31257/2017; Funding from CNPq (fellowships to E. Campostrini, F.L. Partelli, and F.M. DaMatta) is also acknowledged.An unexpected heat resilience, and the mitigation of heat impacts by elevated [CO2] were recently reported in Coffea spp. Plants must maintain membrane fluidity and integrity to cope with temperature changes, which requires an adequate lipid dynamics. This work provides the lipid profile (galactolipids, GL; phospholipids, PL; sulfolipids, SL) of chloroplast membranes, and the expression of a set of genes related to lipid metabolism in Coffea arabica L. (cv. Icatu and IPR108) and C. canephora cv. Conilon CL153, under elevated [CO2] (380 or 700 μL L−1), heat (25/20, 31/25, 37/30 and 42/34 °C, day/night) and their interaction. Major membrane lipids alterations, different among genotypes, included: A) responsiveness of total fatty acids (TFAs) synthesis to [CO2] (except IPR108) and heat (except CL153); stronger remodeling (unsaturation degree) in the 700-plants from 37/30 °C to 42/34 °C, coordinated at transcriptional level with the down-regulation of fatty acid desaturase FAD3 gene (C. arabica) and up-regulation of lipoxygenase genes LOX5A (CL153 and Icatu) and LOX5B (Icatu) at the highest temperature; B) quantitative and qualitative modifications in GL (monogalactosyldiacylglycerol, MGDG; digalactosyldiacylglycerol, DGDG), PL (phosphatidylcholine, PC; phosphatidylglycerol, PG), and SL (sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol, SQDG) classes, prompted by heat, elevated [CO2], and, especially, the interaction, in CL153 and Icatu. Overall membrane enrichment with MGDG and DGDG as a result of heat and [CO2] interaction in these genotypes, but at the highest temperature only in Icatu the high [CO2] maintained greater contents and unsaturation values of these GLs than in the 380-plants. C) Among PL classes, PG seems to play an active role in heat acclimation of C. arabica genotypes, increasing in 700-plants at 42/34 °C. Globally, Icatu often showed changes closer to those of heat tolerant cv. CL153 than to cv. IPR108. Overall, lipid profile adjustments in chloroplast membranes, from TFAs bulk until FA unsaturation within each class, are expected to contribute to long-term acclimation to climate changes in coffee plant.publishersversionpublishe