Diseño de técnicas accesibles para la restauración de suelos erosionados, revisión sistemática 2022

El problema de la investigación fue que técnicas usar para la restauración de suelos erosionados. El objetivo de la investigación fue diseñar técnicas accesibles para restauración de suelos erosionados. Investigación de tipo aplicada con un enfoque cualitativo y de revisión sistemática, lo cual resultó en el diseño de técnicas accesibles para la restauración de suelos erosionados, se concluyó que las técnicas diseñadas son de baja complejidad y costo lo cual hace accesible la restauración de suelos para los diferentes actores civiles, públicos y privados, se recomienda la revisión de más investigaciones, medición y control de la aplicación de estas técnicas para una posible estandarización de esta

La gestión de inventario para la mejora de la disponibilidad y orden del stock de un minimarket de Lima

El minimarket ubicado en el distrito de Pueblo Libre, es una microempresa encargada del comercio de alimentos y productos perecibles. Durante los primeros meses de operatividad, este negocio presentó una constante falta de productos que repercutía directamente sobre su desarrollo y no permitía su total posicionamiento en el mercado. De esta forma, se ocasionaba que gran parte de las ventas no terminaran de concluirse, y que los clientes perdieran la confianza. Debido a esta situación, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo aplicar la gestión de inventarios para mejorar la disponibilidad y orden de stock en el minimarket; asimismo, este se orientó en las categorías que más rentabilidad le generan a la empresa. A partir de esto, se utilizaron métodos de pronóstico para mejorar la estimación de las ventas; mediante el modelo EOQ se determinó el tamaño ideal de los pedidos, el stock de seguridad y punto de pedido con el objetivo de mejorar la exactitud de los pedidos; y se mejoró el orden y limpieza del almacén de productos mediante la metodología 5’s. Por otro lado, para el cumplimiento de los objetivos se utilizaron diversas teorías o herramientas como el análisis o clasificación ABC, diagrama de Ishikawa, diagrama de distribución o Layout, registro de datos y tarjetas rojas para la clasificación de productos. Finalmente, se logró disminuir el porcentaje de error del pronóstico en un 14.30%, se redujo el porcentaje de quiebres de stock en un 33.35% con respecto a la medición anterior, y además, se logró reducir el desorden del almacén de productos en un 58.08%; con lo cual se concluye que mediante la aplicación de la gestión de inventarios se mejora la estimación de las ventas, la exactitud de pedido y el orden del almacén de productos, mejora que asegura la disponibilidad y orden de stock en el minimarket

Diseño del sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable para el barrio de Miraflores, distrito de Oxapampa, 2022

En el siguiente trabajo investigativo, el objeto de estudio fue la demanda requerida para abastecer de agua potable a la población actual y futura del Barrio de Miraflores, Oxapampa. Esta localidad, se encuentra a 4 km del distrito de Oxapampa, consta en la actualidad de 1467 habitantes, los cuales, al no contar con un sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable, el presente trabajo busca satisfacer esa necesidad de agua potable, y por ende diseñar un sistema de abastecimiento de agua potable que cumpla con la demanda requerida por la población actual y futura (proyectada al año 2042). Se calculó que la población del Barrio de Miraflores al año 2042 ascendería a 3241 habitantes, que requerirán un caudal medio de diseño de 13,17 ltrs/seg. Tras diseñar el sistema, se estableció que se requerirían tuberías de transporte de 4” de material de PVC, que permitirá que la velocidad de transporte en promedio (m/s) asegure eficazmente el transporte del caudal requerido, evitándose caídas de presión en el funcionamiento de la red (estas podrían presentarse únicamente en horarios de consumo máximo), por lo tanto, se mejoraría el abastecimiento de agua con un renovado diseño de sistema

Pedagogical Renewal and Second Vatican Council: the Cases of The Salle Brothers and the Vedrunas in the Basque Country

El Concilio Vaticano II influyó en el apostolado de la mayoría de las órdenes y congregaciones religiosas dedicadas a la enseñanza. La demanda de la adecuación a los presupuestos educativos emanados de los documentos del Concilio Vaticano II incidirá en una serie de cambios en sus presupuestos pedagógicos. El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar cómo se llevó a cabo este proceso en dos congregaciones relevantes en el País Vasco: La Salle y las Vedrunas. Para analizar este proceso se han utilizado fuentes primarias de los archivos de ambas congregaciones en las que se pone de manifiesto el proceso de acomodación a los postulados del Vaticano II. Como conclusión cabe destacar que se produce una renovación interna, en cuanto a los presupuestos religiosos, y se detectan aspectos de renovación pedagógica en cuanto a la importancia de la lengua y la cultura vascas, la formación en el desarrollo de las tareas docentes y la opción por los pobres.The Second Vatican Council influenced on the apostolate of most of the religious orders and congregations devoted to education. The need to adequate themselves to the new educational statements that were promoted through the Council Documents will bring about significant changes in their pedagogical premises. The aim of this article is to show how this process was managed by two well-known religious congregations in the Basque Country: De La Salle Brothers and the Vedruna Sisters. To analyse this case, we have used primary sources from the archives of both congregations where the process of accommodation to Vatican II is brought to light. In conclusion, it can be highlighted that an internal renovation happened according to the religious premises, and some pedagogical renewal aspects took place concerning the importance of the Basque language and culture, teacher training, and the option for the poor

An accurate model for simulating energetic behavior of PV grid connected inverters

This paper proposes a new model for characterizing the energetic behavior of grid connected PV inverters. The model has been obtained from a detailed study of main loss processes in small size PV inverters in the market. The main advantage of the used method is to obtain a model that comprises two antagonistic features, since both are simple, easy to compute and apply, and accurate. One of the main features of this model is how it handles the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and the efficiency: in both parts the model uses the same approach and it is achieved by two resistive elements which simulate the losses inherent to each parameter. This makes this model easy to implement, compact and refined. The model presented here also includes other parameters, such as start threshold, standby consumption and islanding behavior. In order to validate the model, the values of all the parameters listed above have been obtained and adjusted using field measurements for several commercial inverters, and the behavior of the model applied to a particular inverter has been compared with real data under different working conditions, taken from a facility located in Madrid. The results show a good fit between the model values and the real data. As an example, the model has been implemented in PSPICE electronic simulator, and this approach has been used to teach grid-connected PV systems. The use of this model for the maintenance of working PV facilities is also shown

Optimization of molecular detection of GD2 synthase mRNA in retinoblastoma

Extraocular dissemination is the main cause of death in patients with retinoblastoma in developing countries and there are few molecular markers that could be used for evaluation of minimal disseminated disease. The expression of the ganglioside GD2 is present in retinoblastoma cells metastatic to the bone marrow and the enzyme GD2 synthase activity is detected in neuroblastoma, which shares many phenotypic features with retinoblastoma. Our purpose was to optimize the detection of GD2 synthase expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by nested-PCR in human retinoblastoma cell lines and patient samples. The optimization strategy was carried out by using the retinoblastoma cell lines Y79 and WERI-Rb1 and specific primers designed for the human sequence of the GD2 synthase mRNA. We detected GD2 synthase expression with at least 200 pg and 40 pg of total RNA extracted from cultured retinoblastoma cells, using a first round of RT-PCR amplification and a second round of nested-PCR, respectively. We have also confirmed the detection of GD2 synthase by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical expression of the ganglioside in human retinoblastoma tumors xenotransplanted in nude mice. In a study from tumor bank specimens from 8 retinoblastoma patients, we were able to demonstrate the presence of GD2 synthase mRNA in blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples in cases of extraocular dissemination of the tumor. The sequence was not detected in samples from children with low-risk disease or healthy adult volunteers. The detection of GD2 synthase mRNA through an optimized nested RT-PCR assay may be a promising tool for the assessment of minimal disseminated disease in enucleated patients.Fil: Laurent, Viviana Eunice. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan". Servicio de Hemato-Oncología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Otero, Laura L.. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Vazquez, Valeria. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Camarero, Sandra. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Gabri, Mariano Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Labrada, Maria. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Garcia de Davila, Maria Teresa. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Chantada, Guillermo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan". Servicio de Hemato-Oncología; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Daniel Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular; Argentin

Targets, Mechanisms and Cytotoxicity of Half-Sandwich Ir(III) Complexes Are Modulated by Structural Modifications on the Benzazole Ancillary Ligand

Cancers are driven by multiple genetic mutations but evolve to evade treatments targeting specific mutations. Nonetheless, cancers cannot evade a treatment that targets mitochondria, which are essential for tumor progression. Iridium complexes have shown anticancer properties, but they lack specificity for their intracellular targets, leading to undesirable side effects. Herein we present a systematic study on structure-activity relationships of eight arylbenzazole-based Iridium(III) complexes of type [IrCl(Cp*)], that have revealed the role of each atom of the ancillary ligand in the physical chemistry properties, cytotoxicity and mechanism of biological action. Neutral complexes, especially those bearing phenylbenzimidazole (HL1 and HL2), restrict the binding to DNA and albumin. One of them, complex 1[C,NH-Cl], is the most selective one, does not bind DNA, targets exclusively the mitochondria, disturbs the mitochondria membrane permeability inducing proton leak and increases ROS levels, triggering the molecular machinery of regulated cell death. In mice with orthotopic lung tumors, the administration of complex 1[C,NH-Cl] reduced the tumor burden. Cancers are more vulnerable than normal tissues to a treatment that harnesses mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, complex 1[C,NH-Cl] characterization opens the way to the development of new compounds to exploit this vulnerabilityWe acknowledge the “la Caixa” Foundation (LCF/PR/PR12/11070003), Ministerio de Ciencia Innovación y Universidades-FEDER (RTI2018-102040-B-100) and Junta de Castilla y León-FEDER (BU305P18) for financial support. Networking support by COST Action CA18202 (NECTAR) is also acknowledged

The Interplay of the Tree and StandLevel Processes Mediate DroughtInduced Forest Dieback: Evidence from Complementary Remote Sensing and Tree-Ring Approaches

Moreno-Fernández, D., Camarero, J.J., García, M. et al. The Interplay of the Tree and Stand-Level Processes Mediate Drought-Induced Forest Dieback: Evidence from Complementary Remote Sensing and Tree-Ring Approaches. Ecosystems 25, 1738-1753 (2022).Drought-induced forest dieback can lead to a tipping point in community dominance, but the coupled response at the tree and stand-level response has not been properly addressed. New spatially and temporally integrated monitoring approaches that target different biological organization levels are needed. Here, we compared the temporal responses of dendrochronological and spectral indices from 1984 to 2020 at both tree and stand levels, respectively, of a drought-prone Mediterranean Pinus pinea forest currently suffering strong dieback. We test the influence of climate on temporal patterns of tree radial growth, greenness and wetness spectral indices; and we address the influence of major drought episodes on resilience metrics. Tree-ring data and spectral indices followed different spatio-temporal patterns over the study period (1984?2020). Combined information from tree growth and spectral trajectories suggests that a reduction in tree density during the mid-1990s could have promoted tree growth and reduced dieback risk. Additionally, over the last decade, extreme and recurrent droughts have resulted in crown defoliation greater than 40% in most plots since 2019. We found that tree growth and the greenness spectral index were positively related to annual precipitation, while the wetness index was positively related to mean annual temperature. The response to drought, however, was stronger for tree growth than for spectral indices. Our study demonstrates the value of long-term retrospective multiscale analyses including tree and stand-level scales to disentangle mechanisms triggering and driving forest dieback.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y UniversidadesUniversidad de AlcaláMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónComunidad de MadridUK Research and Innovatio

Clinical Characterization and Diagnostic Approaches for Patients Reporting Hypersensitivity Reactions to Quinolones

[EN] BACKGROUND: Quinolones are the second most frequent cause of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to antibiotics. A marked increase in the number of patients with HSRs to quinolones has been detected. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with HSRs to quinolones and present methods for their diagnosis. METHODS: Patients attending the allergy unit due to reactions suggestive of HSRs to quinolones were prospectively evaluated between 2005 and 2018. Diagnosis was achieved using clinical history, skin tests (STs), basophil activation tests (BATs), and drug provocation tests (DPTs) if ST and BAT results were negative. RESULTS: We included 128 subjects confirmed as having HSRs to quinolones and 42 found to be tolerant. Anaphylaxis was the most frequent entity in immediate HSRs and was most commonly induced by moxifloxacin. Patients were evaluated a median of 150 days (interquartile range, 60-365 days) after the reaction. Of patients who underwent ST and BAT, 40.7% and 70%, respectively, were positive. DPT with a quinolone was performed in 48 cases, giving results depending on the culprit drug: when moxifloxacin was involved, 62.5% of patients gave a positive DPT result to ciprofloxacin, whereas none reacted to levofloxacin. The risk of HSR was 96 times higher in subjects who reported moxifloxacin-induced anaphylaxis and 18 times higher in those reporting immediate reactions compared with clinical entities induced by quinolones other than moxi-floxacin and nonimmediate reactions. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of HSR to quinolones is complex. The use of clinical history is essential as a first step. BAT shows higher sensitivity than STs. DPTs can be useful for finding safe alternative quinolones.The present study has been supported by the Institute of Health "Carlos III" of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grants cofounded by European Regional Development Fund: RETIC ARADYALRD16/0006/0001, RD16/0006/0010, RD16/0006/0019, and RD16/0006/0030). I.D. is a clinical investigator (B0001-2017) from Consejeria de Salud of the Andalusian government, Junta de Andalucia. N.P.-S. holds a Rio Hortega research contract (CM17/0014), and E.B. a Juan Rodes research contract (JR18/00049), both from the Institute of Health "Carlos III," Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grants cofounded by the European Social Fund).Doña, I.; Pérez-Sánchez, N.; Salas, M.; Barrionuevo, E.; Ruiz-San Francisco, A.; Hernández Fernández De Rojas, D.; Martí-Garrido, J.... (2020). Clinical Characterization and Diagnostic Approaches for Patients Reporting Hypersensitivity Reactions to Quinolones. 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Allergy, 67(5), 647-652. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2012.02807.xUyttebroek, A. P., Sabato, V., Bridts, C. H., De Clerck, L. S., & Ebo, D. G. (2015). Moxifloxacin hypersensitivity: Uselessness of skin testing. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 3(3), 443-445. doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2014.12.012Fernandez-Rivas, M. (1997). Fixed drug eruption (FDE) caused by norfloxacin. Allergy, 52(4), 477-478. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb01035.xChang, B., Knowles, S. R., & Weber, E. (2010). Immediate Hypersensitivity to Moxifloxacin with Tolerance to Ciprofloxacin: Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature. Annals of Pharmacotherapy, 44(4), 740-745. doi:10.1345/aph.1m579Sánchez-Morillas, L., Rojas Pérez-Ezquerra, P., Reaño-Martos, M., Laguna-Martínez, J. J., & Gómez-Tembleque, P. (2010). Systemic anaphylaxis caused by moxifloxacin. Allergologia et Immunopathologia, 38(4), 226-227. doi:10.1016/j.aller.2009.09.00