Telecolaboração: oportunidade para desenvolvimento linguístico e da competência intercultural

O uso de recursos tecnológicos online tem ampliado as possibilidades de comunicação. Por exemplo, recursos como computadores, mídias sociais, celulares, tablets, notebooks, mensagens de texto, jogos online, mundos virtuais, blogs, sites, vídeos, entre outros, têm facilitado a comunicação e o contato entre pessoas de diferentes países e culturas. Isso permite afirmar que as pessoas não estão mais restritas à comunicação face a face, já que elas podem também utilizar recursos online para isso, não importando os limites de tempo e espaço. Nesta perspectiva, Byram, Golubeva, Hui e Wagner (2016) explicam que inovações tecnológicas têm favorecido a comunicação e a troca de informações com pessoas de vários lugares do mundo e de forma instantânea.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Zinc and glutamine improve brain development in suckling mice subjected to early postnatal malnutrition

The effect of zinc and glutamine on brain development was investigated during the lactation period in Swiss mice. Malnutrition was induced by clustering the litter size from 6\20137 pups/dam (nourished control) to 12\201314 pups/dam (undernourished control) following birth. Undernourished groups received daily supplementation with glutamine by subcutaneous injections starting at day 2 and continuing until day 14. Glutamine (100 mM, 40\201380 \03BCL) was used for morphological and behavioral studies. Zinc acetate was added in the drinking water (500 mg/L) to the lactating dams. Synaptophysin and myelin basic protein brain expressions were evaluated by immunoblot. Zinc serum and brain levels and hippocampal neurotransmitters were also evaluated. Zinc with or without glutamine improved weight gain as compared to untreated, undernourished controls. In addition, zinc supplementation improved cliff avoidance and head position during swim behaviors especially on days 9 and 10. Using design-based stereological methods, we found a significant increase in the volume of CA1 neuronal cells in undernourished control mice, which was not seen in mice receiving zinc or glutamine alone or in combination. Undernourished mice given glutamine showed increased CA1 layer volume as compared with the other groups, consistent with the trend toward increased number of neurons. Brain zinc levels were increased in the nourished and undernourished-glutamine treated mice as compared to the undernourished controls on day 7. Undernourished glutamine-treated mice showed increased hippocampal gamma-aminobutyric acid and synaptophysin levels on day 14. We conclude that glutamine or zinc protects against malnutrition-induced brain developmental impairment