The Role of Jewish Messianism in Israel's Hostile Foreign Policy towards the Islamic Republic of Iran

Messianism is one of the most important concepts in Judaism. The Zionist movement succeeded in establishing a Jewish state in the land of Palestine based on the changes it made to the traditional meaning of this concept. On the other hand, Messianism is the only common concept on which all the various Jewish sects agree. Accordingly, after the establishment of the Jewish state in 1948, Messianism entered into all aspects of Israeli domestic and foreign policies. Also, simultaneously with the Islamic Revolution in Iran, right-wing and religious groups came to power in Israel in 1977 after thirty years. One of the common traits of rightists is that they are Messianic; thus, the variable of Messianism in the foreign policy of Israel towards Iran became an objective factor and appeared in a hostile manner. Therefore, the present article uses the theory of constructivism, which in addition to material issues such as power, also considers immaterial variables such as religion to be important in international relations; it seeks to answer the question of how Jewish Messianism led Israel to pursue a hostile foreign policy toward the Islamic Republic of Iran

Intensification of heat exchanger performance utilizing nanofluids

Heat exchangers are widely utilized in different thermal systems for diverse industrial aspects. The selection of HEx depends on the thermal efficiency, operating load, size, flexibility in operation, compatibility with working fluids, better temperature and flow controls, and comparatively low capital and maintenance costs. Heat transfer intensification of heat exchangers can be fulfilled using passive, active, or combined approaches. Utilizing nanofluids as working fluids for heat exchangers have evolved recently. The performance of heat exchangers employed different nanofluids depends mainly on the characteristics and improvement of thermophysical properties. Regarding the unique behavior of different nanofluids, researchers have attended noteworthy progress. The current study reviews and summarizes the recent implementations carried out on utilizing nanofluids in different types of heat exchangers, including plate heat exchangers, double-pipe heat exchangers, shell and tube heat exchangers, and cross-flow heat exchangers. The results showed that nanofluids with enhanced thermal conductivity, although accompanied by a considerable decrease in the heat capacity and raising viscosity, has resulted in performance enhancement of different heat exchangers types. So, the performance evaluation criterion that combines the thermal enhancement and increases the pumping power for any type of heat exchangers is requisite to evaluate the overall performance properly. The challenges and opportunities for future work of heat transfer and fluid flow for different types of heat exchangers utilizing nanofluids are discussed and presented

شناسایی و ارزیابی خطاهای انسانی در مشاغل حساس با استفاده از دو روش TAFEI وSHERPA: مطالعه موردی در یک پست برق فشار قوی

Backgrounds and Objectives: The work process is very important in complex jobs, so that if you forget or do not do it for any reason, it will have unpleasant consequences. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the human errors in sensitive jobs from two perspectives of human error identification in a high-voltage post station. Materials and methods: In this descriptive study, TAFEI and SHERPA techniques were employed to identify the operator's error. The necessary information was obtained by directly observing the human activities, interviewing and reviewing the tasks and sub-tasks with HTA method. The exploited techniques were thence compared in terms of error detection and applied field. Results: The results of matrix table in the job task using TAFEI method showed 29 cases of illegal transfer, so 29 human errors were identified; while totally 25 errors were identified by SHERPA method. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the TAFEI method performs better in identifying the number of human errors in the task sequence step. On the other hand, the SHERPA method can cover the weaknesses of the TAFEI method and provide the level of risk. Accordingly, it is recommended that the analyst consider the different available HEI techniques and apply the one that he/she considers the most suitable for their needزمینه و اهداف: در مشاغل حساس، ترتیب انجام مراحل کار از اهمیت بسزایی برخوردار است، به ­طوری که در صورت فراموشی یا عدم انجام آن به هر دلیلی پیامدهای ناگواری به ­همراه خواهد داشت. هدف از این تحقیق، شناسایی و ارزیابی خطای انسانی در مشاغل حساس از دو دیدگاه شناسایی خطای انسانی در یکی از پست­های برق فشار قوی می­باشد. مواد و روش ­ها: این مطالعه توصیفی به­صورت مقطعی با بهره­گیری از دو تکنیک TAFEI وSHERPA ، به شناسایی خطای اپراتور پرداخته است. اطلاعات لازم در این مطالعه از طریق مشاهده مستقیم فعالیت، مصاحبه و بررسی وظایف با استفاده از روش HTA بدست آمد. در نهایت، دو تکنیک به لحاظ شناسایی خطا و حوزه کاربردی مقایسه گردید. در طول مدت مطالعه، کلیه موازین اخلاقی رعایت گردید.  یافته ­ها: نتایج جدول ماتریس در وظیفه شغلی مورد نظر با استفاده از روش TAFEI، 29 مورد انتقال غیر قانونی را نشان داد، بنابراین 29 خطای انسانی شناسایی گردید، در حالی که کل خطاها با روش SHERPA، 25 مورد شناسایی گردید.  نتیجه ­گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان می­دهد که روش TAFEI در شناسایی تعداد خطاهای انسانی، در این حوزه بهتر عمل می­کند و از طرفی، روش SHERPA می­تواند نقاط ضعف روش  TAFEIرا پوشش و سطح ریسک ارائه نماید؛ لذا توصیه می­شود، تحلیل‌گر تکنیک­های مختلف HEI موجود را در مطالعه موردی مشابه، برای دستیابی به شناسایی بهتر در نظر بگیرد و روشی را که در جهت برآورده کردن نیازها مناسب می­داند اعمال کند

High porous electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/gelatin/MgO scaffolds preseeded with endometrial stem cells promote tissue regeneration in full-thickness skin wounds: An in vivo study

In the current study, electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)-gelatin (PCL-Gel) fibrous scaffolds containing magnesium oxide (MgO) particles and preseeded with human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) were developed to use as wound care material in skin tissue engineering applications. Electrospun fibers were fabricated using PCL-Gel (1:1 [wt/wt]) with different concentrations of MgO particles (1, 2, and 4 wt%). The fibrous scaffolds were evaluated regarding their microstructure, mechanical properties, surface wettability, and in vitro and in vivo performances. The full-thickness excisional wound model was used to evaluate the in vivo wound healing ability of the fabricated scaffolds. Our findings confirmed that the wounds covered with PCL-Gel fibrous scaffolds containing 2 wt% MgO and preseeded with hEnSCs have nearly 79% wound closure ability while sterile gauze showed 11% of wound size reduction. Our results can be employed for biomaterials aimed at the healing of full-thickness skin wounds