Lagging behind versus advancing too fast? identifying gaps research in supply chain

The objective of our work is to analyze the evolution and actual trends of research in Supply Chain Management (SCM). We pretend to show how the different topics have been methodologically studied, and to determine how the advent of the so-called 'New Economy' has influenced SCM research. To get this objective, we carry out a literature review of twelve refereed journals in the Operations Management (OM) area for the period 1995-2001. Statistical tools are used to analyze the obtained information

Buyer-supplier relationships influence on traceability implementation in the vegetable industry

The increasing importance of food safety has made traceability a crucial issue in the agri-business industry. In this article, we have analysed the factors that shape the buyer-supplier relationships, and how they influence the traceability of raw materials. In order to do so, first, we have made a literature review to develop an analytical framework. Next, we have carried out four case studies on vegetable firms with the purpose of uncovering the variables that characterise buyer-supplier relationships, and its influence on traceability in this sector. Finally, we have compared the observed links with the conceptual framework derived from the literature in order to build and improved model

Desarrollo de competencias matemáticas en secundaria usando la técnica de aprendizaje orientado en proyectos

Este artículo presenta un estudio que tuvo por objetivo analizar el desarrollo de tres competencias matemáticas: planteamiento y resolución de problemas, comunicación y argumentación; con alumnos de segundo grado de secundaria, en una escuela pública mexicana, para identificar cómo impacta la técnica de aprendizaje orientada en proyectos (POL por sus siglas en inglés), como diseño instruccional innovador para mejorar los aprendizajes matemáticos de los estudiantes. La metodología utilizada fue el estudio de casos múltiples, aplicando instrumentos diversos tales como: el registro de bitácora, cuestionario, entrevista y análisis de proyectos aplicados a los estudiantes. Los hallazgos muestran el desarrollo de las tres competencias matemáticas al usar POL y resolver problemas de su interés y contexto, poniendo en juego un conjunto de capacidades como identificar, plantear y resolver problemas; explicando, justificando y demostrand

Identificación de sospechosos: mucho más que memoria

Las ruedas de identificación forman parte de un procedimiento de validación de la fiabilidad de un determinado testigo visual. Para ello se les pide a los testigos que, en una rueda de identificación compuesta por personas semejantes al sospechoso, lo identifiquen. La tarea presupone que los testigos están, en principio, libres de todo sesgo. Solo afectaría a su reconocimiento, la información previamente memorizada Nosotros nos planteamos que las elecciones de los testigos podrían estar segadas de partida en contra del sospechoso y dos de las variables que modularía tal elección serían el estereotipo y la conducta no verbal que mantenga el sospecho durante la rueda de identificación. Será, así, el impacto de estas dos variables, en que analizaremos en nuestro trabajo.Lineups conform a procedure for the validation of the testimony given by the eyewitnesses. In those, the eyewitnesses are asked for an identification of the suspect in a line composed for foils and the suspect. It is presumed that they have been able to identify, among a number of other people who share similar physical characteristics, the suspect as the person who has committed the crime in a task absolutely free of bias previous to the election. Thus, This study will analyze how stereotypes or nonverbal behavior of the suspect may skew the correct identifiacion

Generative Adversarial Networks to Improve the Robustness of Visual Defect Segmentation by Semantic Networks in Manufacturing Components

This paper describes the application of Semantic Networks for the detection of defects in images of metallic manufactured components in a situation where the number of available samples of defects is small, which is rather common in real practical environments. In order to overcome this shortage of data, the common approach is to use conventional data augmentation techniques. We resort to Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) that have shown the capability to generate highly convincing samples of a specific class as a result of a game between a discriminator and a generator module. Here, we apply the GANs to generate samples of images of metallic manufactured components with specific defects, in order to improve training of Semantic Networks (specifically DeepLabV3+ and Pyramid Attention Network (PAN) networks) carrying out the defect detection and segmentation. Our process carries out the generation of defect images using the StyleGAN2 with the DiffAugment method, followed by a conventional data augmentation over the entire enriched dataset, achieving a large balanced dataset that allows robust training of the Semantic Network. We demonstrate the approach on a private dataset generated for an industrial client, where images are captured by an ad-hoc photometric-stereo image acquisition system, and a public dataset, the Northeastern University surface defect database (NEU). The proposed approach achieves an improvement of 7% and 6% in an intersection over union (IoU) measure of detection performance on each dataset over the conventional data augmentation

IAA : Información y actualidad astronómica (1)

Sumario : Ventana Abierta.-- Investigación: Búsqueda de discos protoplanetarios: presente y futuro.-- Apuntes sobre la astronomía arábigo-española.-- Charlas con... César Nombela, Presidente del CSIC.-- Actualidad Científica: Nuevos logros en Óptica Adaptativa.-- Menos asteroides cercanos a la Tierra.-- Actividades IAA .-- Agenda .N

Mapping of the human visual cortex using image-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation

We describe a protocol using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to systematically map the visual sensations induced by focal and non-invasive stimulation of the human occipital cortex. TMS is applied with a figure of eight coil to 28 positions arranged in a 232-cm grid over the occipital area. A digitizing tablet connected to a PC computer running customized software, and audio and video recording are used for detailed and accurate data collection and analysis of evoked phosphenes. A frameless image-guided neuronavigational device is used to describe the position of the actual sites of the stimulation coils relative to the cortical surface. Our results show that TMS is able to elicit phosphenes in almost all sighted subjects and in a proportion of blind subjects. Evoked phosphenes are topographically organized. Despite minor inter-individual variations, the mapping results are reproducible and show good congruence among different subjects. This procedure has potential to improve our understanding of physiologic organization and plastic changes in the human visual system and to establish the degree of remaining functional visual cortex in blind subjects. Such a non-invasive method is critical for selection of suitable subjects for a cortical visual prosthesis.This research has been carried out with financial support from the Commission of the European Communities, specific RTD programme ‘Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources’, QLK6-CT-2001-00279 and by the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologıa(MAT2000-1049)Fondo de Investigaciones de la Seguridad Social (FISS 01-0674)National Institute of Mental Health (MH60734, MH57980)National Eye Institute (EYEY12091)Harvard-Thorndike General Clinical Research Center at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (NCRR MO1 RR01032).Medicin

Promoter Methylation of RASSF1A Associates to Adult Secondary Glioblastomas and Pediatric Glioblastomas

While allelic losses and mutations of tumor suppressor genes implicated in the etiology of astrocytoma have been widely assessed, the role of epigenetics is still a matter of study. We analyzed the frequency of promoter hypermethylation by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) in five tumor suppressor genes (PTEN, MGMT, RASSF1A, p14ARF, and p16INK4A), in astrocytoma samples and cell lines. RASSF1A was the most frequently hypermethylated gene in all grades of astrocytoma samples, in cell lines, and in adult secondary GBM. It was followed by MGMT. PTEN showed a slight methylation signal in only one GBM and one pilocytic astrocytoma, and in two cell lines; while p14ARF and p16INK4A did not show any evidence of methylation in primary tumors or cell lines. In pediatric GBM, RASSF1A was again the most frequently altered gene, followed by MGMT; PTEN, p14 and p16 showed no alterations. Lack or reduced expression of RASSF1A in cell lines was correlated with the presence of methylation. RASSF1A promoter hypermethylation might be used as a diagnostic marker for secondary GBM and pediatric GBM. Promoter hypermethylation might not be an important inactivation mechanism in other genes like PTEN, p14ARF and p16INK4A, in which other alterations (mutations, homozygous deletions) are prevalent

The alhambra photometric system

This paper presents the characterization of the optical range of the ALHAMBRA photometric system, a 20 contiguous, equal-width, medium-band CCD system with wavelength coverage from 3500 Å to 9700 Å. The photometric description of the system is done by presenting the full response curve as a product of the filters, CCD, and atmospheric transmission curves, and using some first- and second-order moments of this response function. We also introduce the set of standard stars that defines the system, formed by 31 classic spectrophotometric standard stars which have been used in the calibration of other known photometric systems, and 288 stars, flux calibrated homogeneously, from the Next Generation Spectral Library (NGSL). Based on the NGSL, we determine the transformation equations between Sloan Digital Sky Survey ugriz hotometry and the ALHAMBRA photometric system, in order to establish some relations between both systems. Finally, we develop and discuss a strategy to calculate the photometric zero points of the different pointings in the ALHAMBRA project.Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia AYA2006-14056 BES-2007-1476

La cultura como motor de la innovación social corporativa: descifrando sus factores clave

This work studies the organizational culture as the motor to promote the corporate social innovation in companies. Through a systematic literature review, the main academic contribution is the design of a theoretical framework that allows defining the most appropriate characteristics of the organizational culture for the development of CSI activities and the role of the key factors to promote it. This proposal aims to become a guideline to managers and professionals in order to develop organizational cultures prone to social innovation inside firms.Este trabajo estudia la cultura organizacional (CO) como motor para impulsar la innovación social corporativa (ISC) en las empresas. Con una metodología basada en la revisión sistemática de la literatura, la principal contribución académica es el diseño de un marco teórico que permite dilucidar qué tipo de CO es la más adecuada para albergar la ISC, así como una propuesta original de factores clave para promover dicha cultura. Esta propuesta pretende también ser una guía para directivos y profesionales a fin de implantar culturas organizacionales proclives a la innovación social en sus empresas