Molecular Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli O25b Strains Associated with Complicated Urinary Tract Infection in Children.

BACKGROUND: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) has increased the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI). It is the cause of more than 80% of community-acquired cystitis cases and more than 70% of uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis cases. AIM: The present study describes the molecular epidemiology of UPEC O25b clinical strains based on their resistance profiles, virulence genes, and genetic diversity. METHODS: Resistance profiles were identified using the Kirby-Bauer method, including the phenotypic production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). The UPEC serogroups, phylogenetic groups, virulence genes, and integrons were determined via multiplex PCR. Genetic diversity was established using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and sequence type (ST) was determined via multilocus sequence typing (MLST). RESULTS: UPEC strains (n = 126) from hospitalized children with complicated UTIs (cUTIs) were identified as O25b, of which 41.27% were multidrug resistant (MDR) and 15.87% were extensively drug resistant (XDR). The O25b strains harbored the fimH (95.23%), csgA (91.26%), papGII (80.95%), chuA (95.23%), iutD (88.09%), satA (84.92%), and intl1 (47.61%) genes. Moreover, 64.28% were producers of ESBLs and had high genetic diversity. ST131 (63.63%) was associated primarily with phylogenetic group B2, and ST69 (100%) was associated primarily with phylogenetic group D. CONCLUSION: UPEC O25b/ST131 harbors a wide genetic diversity of virulence and resistance genes, which contribute to cUTIs in pediatrics

Susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de microorganismos causantes de infección de vías urinarias bajas en un hospital pediátrico

Introducción: La infección del tracto urinario en los niños es reconocida como una causa de morbilidad y de condiciones médicas crónicas, por lo que resulta indispensable conocer con claridad la patogénesis de esta enfermedad. Sin embargo, la resistencia creciente complica su tratamiento ya que aumenta la morbilidad, los costos, la estancia hospitalaria y el uso de fármacos de mayor espectro antimicrobiano. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana de los uropatógenos aislados en niños. Métodos: Se incluyeron en el estudio 457 niños que asistieron a la consulta externa y a urgencias del Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, con síntomas de infección del tracto urinario baja no complicada. La orina fue tomada a la mitad del chorro o por cateterismo, y se realizó la identificación y la susceptibilidad antimicrobiana. Resultados: Los patógenos aislados con mayor frecuencia fueron: Escherichia coli (E. coli) (312, 68.3%), Enterococcus spp. (42, 11%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) (40, 8.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) (34, 7.5%), Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) (21, 4.5%), Enterobacter cloacae (8, 1.7%). La resistencia para trimetoprima/sulfametoxazol fue del 73.7, 62.2, 100, 52, 50%,respectivamente, para E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis y Enterobacter spp., del 92.5% para Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) y del 49.9% para Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium). Para ampicilina fue del 86.3, 45, 100, 47.9 y 66.6% para las mismas bacterias, respectivamente. Para ciprofloxacina del 33.8, 9, 18.8, 0 y 0%; para nitrofurantoína del 4.4, 13, 97.7, 70, 0% para enterobacterias, del 0% para E. faecalis y del 16.7% para E. faecium. Conclusiones: Los antimicrobianos frecuentemente prescritos para el tratamiento empírico de la infección del tracto urinario no complicada demuestran resistencia importante o baja susceptibilidad cuando se les probó frente a las cepas aisladas

Urban Birds as Antimicrobial Resistance Sentinels: White Storks Showed Higher Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Levels Than Seagulls in Central Spain

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a major health challenge of the 21st century. Several studies confirm the potential role of wildlife as sentinel for pathogens surveillance. Moreover, the presence of AMR bacteria in the wildlife can be considered as a good indicator of anthropization level on the ecosystem. The fast increase in AMR worldwide has been enhanced by several factors as globalization and migration. The study of antimicrobial resistance in wild birds is of great importance, as they can travel hundreds of kilometers and disseminate pathogens and AMR across different regions or even continents. The aim of this study was to compare the level of AMR in three bird species: white stork (Ciconia ciconia), lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus) and black-headed gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus). For the analysis, 17 antibiotics from the most representative classes were tested by disk-diffusion method. Results showed 63.2% of seagulls and 31.6% of white storks as carriers of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli, and from all of them, 38.9% were considered multi-drug resistant. Betalactamics, quinolones and tetracyclines were the antibiotic classes with the highest rate of AMR.Ministry of Ecological Transition (MITECO) of SpainComplutense University of Madrid (Spain)3.231 JCR (2021) Q1, 13/62 Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science0.610 SJR (2021) Q1, 96/456 Animal Science and ZoologyNo data IDR 202

Molecular Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli O25b Strains Associated with Complicated Urinary Tract Infection in Children

Background: Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) has increased the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI). It is the cause of more than 80% of community-acquired cystitis cases and more than 70% of uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis cases. Aim: The present study describes the molecular epidemiology of UPEC O25b clinical strains based on their resistance profiles, virulence genes, and genetic diversity. Methods: Resistance profiles were identified using the Kirby–Bauer method, including the phenotypic production of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). The UPEC serogroups, phylogenetic groups, virulence genes, and integrons were determined via multiplex PCR. Genetic diversity was established using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and sequence type (ST) was determined via multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results: UPEC strains (n = 126) from hospitalized children with complicated UTIs (cUTIs) were identified as O25b, of which 41.27% were multidrug resistant (MDR) and 15.87% were extensively drug resistant (XDR). The O25b strains harbored the fimH (95.23%), csgA (91.26%), papGII (80.95%), chuA (95.23%), iutD (88.09%), satA (84.92%), and intl1 (47.61%) genes. Moreover, 64.28% were producers of ESBLs and had high genetic diversity. ST131 (63.63%) was associated primarily with phylogenetic group B2, and ST69 (100%) was associated primarily with phylogenetic group D. Conclusion: UPEC O25b/ST131 harbors a wide genetic diversity of virulence and resistance genes, which contribute to cUTIs in pediatrics

Filosofía y Humor: el cine como recurso audiovisual para pensar desde la risa filosófica

Depto. de Lógica y Filosofía TeóricaFac. de FilosofíaFALSEsubmitte

El Observatorio en Turismo Patrimonial Sostenible en Andalucía: análisis, diagnóstico, adecuación, innovación y transferencia

Dentro del Campus de Excelencia Internacional de Patrimonio que conforman las diez universidades públicas de Andalucía, se encuentra la iniciativa del Observatorio de Tendencias en Turismo Patrimonial Sostenible cuyo objetivo es promover la investigación, el desarrollo, la innovación y la transferencia de conocimientos al sector productivo del patrimonio cultural y natural de Andalucía. La monografía se divide en una introducción y cuatro grandes bloques o Retos, cuyo punto de partida son los paisajes culturales patrimoniales andaluces, desde la óptica de su Análisis (Reto 1), Diagnóstico (Reto 2), Adecuación (Reto 3) e Innovación (Reto 4). La gran extensión territorial de la Comunidad andaluza y su riqueza patrimonial hacen necesario el fomento de acciones encaminadas hacia su desarrollo humano integral, desde lo económico, social y cultural, convirtiéndose el turismo en un recurso importante, dentro de la sostenibilidad y el respeto medioambiental. Los trabajos han sido firmados por 24 especialistas, que conforman la Red de Expertos bajo la coordinación científica del José María Morillas Alcázar y el apoyo técnico de Rosel Giménez Ruiz.Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Universidades, Investigación e Innovación.Universidad Complutense de Madrid.Unión Europea. Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional.Campus de Excelencia Internacional en Patrimonio.Ediciones ComplutenseEdiciones ComplutenseTRUEpu

Compilación de Proyectos de Investigacion de 1984-2002

Instituto Politecnico Nacional. UPIICS