Anteproyecto Oficinas de la delegación del distrito Nº4 de la Alcaldia de Managua

Las alcaldías de las Municipalidades son instituciones que rigen el poder público municipal, teniendo como objetivo fundamental, el buen desarrollo económico, social, territorial y urbano de un determinado municipio. El Municipio de Managua, tiene a dicha institución para dirigir el buen funcionamiento del Municipio más importante del país, por su condición de ciudad capital

Control of Mechanotransduction by Molecular Clutch Dynamics

By considering the molecular and mechanical properties of actin filaments, myosin motors, adaptor proteins, and integrins/cadherins, the molecular clutch model can quantitatively predict cell response to internal and external mechanical factors. These factors include cell contractility, matrix rigidity, and the density, nature, and distribution of matrix ligands, and affect cell response largely by controlling the rate of force loading in specific molecules. Due to its dynamic nature, clutch-mediated mechanosensing requires force application to at least two molecular mechanosensors in series, with differential response to force. The type of cell responses involved so far in clutch-mediated mechanosensing include cytoskeletal dynamics, the growth of cell adhesions, the nuclear localization of transcriptional regulators, and cell migration. The linkage of cells to their microenvironment is mediated by a series of bonds that dynamically engage and disengage, in what has been conceptualized as the molecular clutch model. Whereas this model has long been employed to describe actin cytoskeleton and cell migration dynamics, it has recently been proposed to also explain mechanotransduction (i.e., the process by which cells convert mechanical signals from their environment into biochemical signals). Here we review the current understanding on how cell dynamics and mechanotransduction are driven by molecular clutch dynamics and its master regulator, the force loading rate. Throughout this Review, we place a specific emphasis on the quantitative prediction of cell response enabled by combined experimental and theoretical approaches.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (BFU2015-65074-P to X.T. and BFU2016-79916-P to P.R.-C.), the European Commission (H2020-FETPROACT-01-2016-731957 to X.T. and P.R.-C.), the Generalitat de Catalunya (2014-SGR-927), the European Research Council (CoG-616480 to X.T.), and Obra Social “La Caixa”. A.E.-A was supported by a Juan de la Cierva Fellowship (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, IJCI2014-19156)

Collective cell durotaxis emerges from long-range intercellular force transmission

The ability of cells to follow gradients of extracellular matrix stiffness—durotaxis—has been implicated in development, fibrosis, and cancer. Here, we found multicellular clusters that exhibited durotaxis even if isolated constituent cells did not. This emergent mode of directed collective cell migration applied to a variety of epithelial cell types, required the action of myosin motors, and originated from supracellular transmission of contractile physical forces. To explain the observed phenomenology, we developed a generalized clutch model in which local stick-slip dynamics of cell-matrix adhesions was integrated to the tissue level through cell-cell junctions. Collective durotaxis is far more efficient than single-cell durotaxis; it thus emerges as a robust mechanism to direct cell migration during development, wound healing, and collective cancer cell invasion.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Clinical outcomes at one year following keratoconus treatment with accelerated transepithelial cross-linking

This study evaluated the clinical outcomes in keratoconus corneas following accelerated transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) (Avedro KXL® system, Waltham, MA, USA) over one year of follow-up. The mean depth of the demarcation line measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) was 205.19 μm. One month after surgery, a non-statistically significant change was noted in sphere (P=0.18) and in spherical equivalent (P=0.17), whereas a significant improvement was observed in corrected distance visual acuity (P=0.04). A significant change was observed in topographic astigmatism (P=0.03) and posterior corneal a sphericity (P=0.04). Accelerated transepithelial CXL may be a useful technique for the management of progressive keratoconus

Exploración de herramientas para la interpretación de objetos a partir de imágenes aplicados al relevamiento de mosaicos urbanos

El estudio de sectores reducidos representativos de un área urbana homogénea- mosaicos urbanos- permite estimar la aplicación de sistemas energéticos alternativos e implementación de estrategias de uso eficiente de la energía. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar herramientas y procedimientos (manuales, automáticos y semi-automáticos) para facilitar el relevamiento de mosaicos urbanos. Las herramientas analizadas se basan en la interpretación de objetos a partir de imágenes. En función de la viabilidad instrumental y de los recursos disponibles, se seleccionaron las técnicas de segmentación de imágenes aéreas y satelitales para su aplicación sobre un mosaico “patrón”. La metodología profundiza en las siguientes variables: i. Área de disipación horizontal; ii. Sistema constructivo del área de disipación horizontal- Techos. iii. Perímetro de disipación vertical. iv Altura del área edificada. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron reducir el tiempo de relevamiento a partir de un procedimiento denominado “automático parametrizado” con participación del operador.The study of reduced sectors representatives of homogeneous urban areas- urban mosaics- allows estimating the application of alternative energy systems and the implementation of energy efficiency use strategies. The purpose of this work is to explore tools and processes (manual, automatic, and semi-automatic) to improve the urban mosaics survey. The analyzed tools are based on the object interpretation of urban images. According to the instrumental viability and available resources, the image segmentation techniques to aerials and satelital images were selected for its application on a “pattern” urban mosaic. The methodology deepens on the following variables: i. horizontal dissipation area; ii. Building system of the horizontal dissipation area- Roofs; iii. Vertical dissipation perimeter; iv. Building height area. The obtained results allowed us making more efficient surveys by a process designated as “automatic with parameters” with the operator participation.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Exploración de herramientas para la interpretación de objetos a partir de imágenes aplicados al relevamiento de mosaicos urbanos

El estudio de sectores reducidos representativos de un área urbana homogénea- mosaicos urbanos- permite estimar la aplicación de sistemas energéticos alternativos e implementación de estrategias de uso eficiente de la energía. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar herramientas y procedimientos (manuales, automáticos y semi-automáticos) para facilitar el relevamiento de mosaicos urbanos. Las herramientas analizadas se basan en la interpretación de objetos a partir de imágenes. En función de la viabilidad instrumental y de los recursos disponibles, se seleccionaron las técnicas de segmentación de imágenes aéreas y satelitales para su aplicación sobre un mosaico “patrón”. La metodología profundiza en las siguientes variables: i. Área de disipación horizontal; ii. Sistema constructivo del área de disipación horizontal- Techos. iii. Perímetro de disipación vertical. iv Altura del área edificada. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron reducir el tiempo de relevamiento a partir de un procedimiento denominado “automático parametrizado” con participación del operador.The study of reduced sectors representatives of homogeneous urban areas- urban mosaics- allows estimating the application of alternative energy systems and the implementation of energy efficiency use strategies. The purpose of this work is to explore tools and processes (manual, automatic, and semi-automatic) to improve the urban mosaics survey. The analyzed tools are based on the object interpretation of urban images. According to the instrumental viability and available resources, the image segmentation techniques to aerials and satelital images were selected for its application on a “pattern” urban mosaic. The methodology deepens on the following variables: i. horizontal dissipation area; ii. Building system of the horizontal dissipation area- Roofs; iii. Vertical dissipation perimeter; iv. Building height area. The obtained results allowed us making more efficient surveys by a process designated as “automatic with parameters” with the operator participation.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Real-time regional GDP forecasting : statistical aspects and a forecasting model

Artículo de revistaThe monitoring of the regional economic situation takes on particular importance in highly decentralised countries, such as Spain. Against this background, this article summarises the key aspects of the BayFaR model (Bayesian Factor model for Regions), a new tool used by the Banco de España for the short-term forecasting of the GDP of the Spanish economy and of its biggest regions. The tool allows monthly indicators of activity to be combined with quarterly GDP, the benchmark variable for conjunctural analysis. In Spain’s case, however, it is necessary to use alternative measures of this variable. This is because the official statistics do not provide a homogeneous measure for all the regions, nor one that is consistent with INE’s national quarterly GD

Clinical Validation of Adjusted Corneal Power in Patients with Previous Myopic Lasik Surgery

Purpose. To validate clinically a new method for estimating the corneal power (P,) using a variable keratometric index (nkadj) in eyes with previous laser refractive surgery. Setting. University of Alicante and Medimar International Hospital (Oftalmar), Alicante, (Spain). Design. Retrospective case series. Methods. This retrospective study comprised 62 eyes of 62 patients that had undergone myopic LASIK surgery. An algorithm for the calculation of 11kadj was used for the estimation of the adjusted keratometric corneal power (Pkadj). This value was compared with the classical keratometric corneal power (Pk), the True Net Power (TNP), and the Gaussian corneal power (PcGauss). Likewise, Pkadj was compared with other previously described methods. Results. Differences between PcGauss and P, values obtained with all methods evaluated were statistically significant (p < 0.01). Differences between Pkadj and PcGauss were in the limit of clinical significance (p < 0.01, loA [ - 0.33,0.60] D). Differences between Pkadj and TNP were not statistically and clinically significant (p = 0.319, loA [- 0.50,0.44] D). Differences between Pkadj and previously described methods were statistically significant (p < 0.01), except with PcHaigisL (p = 0.09, loA [ - 0.37,0.29] D). Conclusion. The use of the adjusted keratometric index (nkadj) is a valid method to estimate the central corneal power in corneas with previous myopic laser refractive surgery, providing results comparable to PcHaigisL.This study has been funded by the Project no. GRE12-33 of the University of Alicante

Modelo prolab: Shop & Go, tu alternativa de frutas y verduras a precios mayoristas

La pandemia originada por el COVID 19 ha ocasionado que los hábitos de consumo cambien. Las compras en línea empezaron a cobrar protagonismo con la finalidad de evitar realizar compras presenciales. Sin embargo, estos servicios no terminan de satisfacer algunas necesidades. El presente modelo de negocio tiene como objetivo resolver tres problemas que presentan los usuarios al momento de realizar sus compras de frutas y verduras: precios elevados en los supermercados, falta de tiempo destinado para realizar compras presenciales y búsqueda constante de productos de calidad. La solución propone adquirir frutas y verduras directamente de los mercados mayoristas con la finalidad de ahorrar dinero comparado con los supermercados. Para ello, los usuarios podrán solicitar este servicio a través de una aplicación, con la cual podrán también, de manera opcional, la posibilidad de tener comunicación con el shopper que está realizando las compras en el mercado mayorista, en caso lo requiera. El principal valor agregado es el ahorro de dinero, ya que los productos serán adquiridos en mercados mayoristas con lo cual podrían generar ahorros de al menos un 20% por debajo de los precios que se ofrecen en los supermercados. La propuesta generará un impacto positivo en los usuarios, ya que brindará la oportunidad de reducir los costos de alimentación familiar, brindará la confianza y seguridad de recibir productos de calidad y generará un ahorro de tiempo para el usuario ya que recibirán los productos en la puerta de su casa. Finalmente, esta propuesta de negocio cuenta con viabilidad financiera; ya que se obtiene un VAN de S/ 4’484,678 y una TIR de 42% en un periodo de tiempo de 10 años de operación.The pandemic caused by COVID 19 has caused consumer habits to change. Online purchases began to gain prominence to avoid making face-to-face purchases. However, these services do not fully satisfy some user needs, which has allowed the development of this business proposal. The purpose of this business model is solved three problems that users present when making their purchases of fruits and vegetables: high prices in supermarkets, time destined to make face-to-face purchases, and the search for quality products. The solution proposes to purchase fruits and vegetables directly from the wholesale markets to save money, compared to supermarkets. To do this, users may request this service through an app, with which they may also, optionally, have the possibility of having communication with the shopper who is making purchases in the wholesale market, if required. The main value added is saving money, since the products come from a wholesale market and would be approximately 20% below the prices offered in supermarkets. The proposal will generate a positive impact on users, since it will provide the opportunity to reduce fruit and vegetables costs, provide the confidence and security of receiving quality products, and will save time for the user since they will receive the products at the door from their house. Finally, this business proposal has financial viability, a VAN of S/ 4,484,678 and a TIR of 42% are obtained in a period of 10 years of operation

Hyaluronic acid combined with mannitol to improve protection against free-radical endothelial damage: Experimental Model

Purpose: To evaluate the protective properties of combined sodium hyaluronate2% and mannitol 0.5% (Visiol) on the corneal endothelium in the presence of oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Setting: Instituto Oftalmolo´ gico de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Herna´ ndez, Alicante, Spain. Methods: This was an exploratory randomized controlled parallel-group, maskedassessor study of 3 sodium hyaluronate-based ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs): Visiol, Healon (sodium hyaluronate 1%), and Viscoat (sodium hyaluronate 3%–chondroitin sodium 4%). The OVDs were tested for protective effects on the endothelium following oxidative stress induced by H2O2 at increased concentrations: control (lactated Ringer’s solution), 1mM, 10mM, and 100 mM. Groups without OVD were used as controls at the same concentrations of peroxide. Each animal received the same treatment in both eyes (10 eyes per group). Endothelial cell lesion was assessed using the Janus green photometry absorbance technique. Results: At 10 mM peroxide concentration, the value of endothelial cell lesion was significantly lower in the Visiol (16.8%, P Z .0056), Healon (22.2%, P Z .0302), and Viscoat (21.6%, PZ .0336) groups than in the control group (29.4%, no OVD). There was a trend in favor of Visiol to more efficiently reduce cell lesions of the endothelium, than Healon (PZ .055) and Viscoat (P Z .1013). Values of endothelial cell lesion at peroxide concentrations of 1 mM and 100 mM showed the same trends than those observed at 10 mM. Conclusions: All of the OVDs tested efficiently reduced endothelial lesions against free radicals compared with the control group in which no OVD was used. The following sequence for the efficacy of endothelial cell protection was established: Visiol O Viscoat O Healon O no OVD