Formation of the Brazilian psychologist: impasses and challenges

Este artículo, escrito desde la perspectiva de los Estudios Basados en la Práctica (EBP), tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre la capacitación de los psicólogos brasileños basada a partir de una serie de encuestas realizadas por estudiantes y profesores de Psicología de dos universidades ubicadas en el sur del país. Los instrumentos de investigación utilizados fueron grupos focales, entrevistas semiestructuradas y discusiones grupales. El método de tratamiento de datos empleado fue el análisis del contenido. Los resultados más significativos que destacaron en los discursos analizados fueron: la multiplicidad teórica de la Psicología; la falta de unidad en la ciencia y la profesión; y la brecha entre teoría y práctica. Dichos datos, cuando se enfrentan con la Resolución número 5 del Consejo Nacional de Educación, del Ministerio de Educación, y con las directrices del Consejo Federal de Psicología, expresan los principales problemas encontrados en la educación psicológica en el país. También indican los obstáculos más relevantes que deben superarse para que la educación universitaria contribuya efectivamente a la construcción de la identidad profesional y a la consolidación de la Psicología como un campo de conocimiento y profesión comprometido con la promoción de la calidad de vida de las personas, grupos y organizaciones, y comunidades.This article, written from the perspective of Practice-Based Studies (PBS) aims to think over the training of Brazilian Psychologists based on surveys taken by students and Psychology professors from two universities located in the south of the country. The research instruments used were focus groups, semi-structured interviews and group discussions. The method of data treatment employed was the analysis of content. The most significant results that stood out in the speeches analyzed were: the theoretical multiplicity of Psychology; the lack of unity in the science and the profession; and the gap between theory and practice. Such data, when confronted with Resolution Number 5 of the National Council of Education, of the Ministry of Education, and with the guidelines of the Federal Council of Psychology, bespeak the main problems encountered in psychology education in the country. They also indicate the most relevant obstacles to be overcome in order for the university education to contribute effectively to the construction of professional identity and the consolidation of Psychology as a field of knowledge and profession committed to promoting the quality of life of individuals, groups, organizations and communities.Este artigo, realizado sob a perspectiva dos Estudos Baseados na Prática (EBP), objetiva refletir sobre a formação do psicólogo brasileiro com base em pesquisas junto a estudantes e profesores de Psicologia de duas universidades da região sul do país. Os instrumentos utilizados consistiram em grupos focais, entrevistas semiestruturadas e um grupo de discussão. O método de tratamento empregado foi a Análise de Conteúdo. Como resultados mais significativos destacaram-se nos discursos analisados: a multiplicidade teórica da Psicologia; a falta de unidade da ciência e da profissão; e o distanciamento entre teoria e prática. Tais dados, ao serem confrontados com a Resolução nº 5 do Conselho Nacional de Educaçãodo Ministério de Educação e com as diretrizes do Conselho Federal de Psicologia, evidenciam os principais impasses encontrados no ensino da Psicologia no país.Sinalizam os obstáculos mais relevantes a ser superados a fim de que a formação universitária contribua, efetivamente, para a construção da identidade profissional e para a consolidação da Psicologia como campo de saber e profissão comprometidos com a promoção da qualidade de vida dos indivíduos, grupos, organizações e comunidades.peerReviewe

Subjectivity: an Interdisciplinary Dialogue

O termo subjetividade tem-se difundido amplamente no campo das ciências humanas e sociais, no entanto, de forma bastante genérica, sem as devidas clareza e precisão conceituais. Na Psicologia, em suas diversas abordagens teórico-metodológicas, por exemplo, tem se tornado apenas mais um jargão sem qualquer significação, o que, por sua vez, contribui para ofuscar tanto suas especificidades como possíveis aproximações teórico-conceituais. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo se propõe a analisar o conceito de subjetividade à luz de distintas perspectivas teóricas do campo da Psicologia. Mais especificamente, a partir de uma análise filosófica do sujeito e da linguagem, da Psicologia Sócio-histórica e de um enfoque discursivo da Psicologia Institucional. Dentre as especificidades e divergências existentes, tal análise ampliada torna possível ressaltar um elemento comum e fundamental entre aportes teórico-metodológicos distintos. A saber, o entendimento da subjetividade como sendo, simultaneamente, produzida por e (re)produtora de relações históricas, sociais e simbólicas; ou seja, como produto de processos educativos (formativos) datados e situados em uma trama complexa, cujas especificidades configuram processos sociais contraditórios que, assim, determinam e/ou recompõem processos objetivos e subjetivos de assujeitamento-resistência ou, em outras palavras, de alienação-emancipação. Palavras-chave: subjetividade; discurso; psicologia sócio-histórica; psicologia institucional.The term subjectivity has widely used in the humanities and social sciences, however, in a quite generic sense, without the necessary conceptual clarity and precision. In psychology, in its various theoretical and methodological approaches, for example, subjectivity has become just another jargon without any significance, thereby obfuscating the field’s own specific theoretical and conceptual approaches. In that sense, this article aims to analyze the concept of subjectivity in the light of different theoretical perspectives of the field of psychology. Specifically, it considers the philosophical analysis of the subject and language, the perspective of social-historical psychology and the discursive approach of institutional psychology. Among the specificities and divergences, this expanded analysis highlights a common element of fundamental, theoretical-methodological distinction. Namely, subjectivity is simultaneously produced by, and (re)productive of, the historical, social and symbolic contents as a product of the educational or formative process, historically embedded and situated in a complex space that shapes certain contradictory social processes, which then determine and / or reassemble objective and subjective processes of submission-resistance or, in other words, alienation-emancipation. Keywords: subjectivity; discourse; social-historical psychology; institutional psychology

Mutations in the histone methyltransferase gene KMT2B cause complex early-onset dystonia.

Histone lysine methylation, mediated by mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) proteins, is now known to be critical in the regulation of gene expression, genomic stability, cell cycle and nuclear architecture. Despite MLL proteins being postulated as essential for normal development, little is known about the specific functions of the different MLL lysine methyltransferases. Here we report heterozygous variants in the gene KMT2B (also known as MLL4) in 27 unrelated individuals with a complex progressive childhood-onset dystonia, often associated with a typical facial appearance and characteristic brain magnetic resonance imaging findings. Over time, the majority of affected individuals developed prominent cervical, cranial and laryngeal dystonia. Marked clinical benefit, including the restoration of independent ambulation in some cases, was observed following deep brain stimulation (DBS). These findings highlight a clinically recognizable and potentially treatable form of genetic dystonia, demonstrating the crucial role of KMT2B in the physiological control of voluntary movement.Funding for the project was provided by the Wellcome Trust for UK10K (WT091310) and DDD Study. The DDD study presents independent research commissioned by the Health Innovation Challenge Fund [grant number HICF-1009-003] - see www.ddduk.org/access.html for full acknowledgement. This work was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Human Genome Research Institute and the Common Fund, NIH Office of the Director. This work was supported in part by the German Ministry of Research and Education (grant nos. 01GS08160 and 01GS08167; German Mental Retardation Network) as part of the National Genome Research Network to A.R. and D.W. and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (AB393/2-2) to A.R. Brain expression data was provided by the UK Human Brain Expression Consortium (UKBEC), which comprises John A. Hardy, Mina Ryten, Michael Weale, Daniah Trabzuni, Adaikalavan Ramasamy, Colin Smith and Robert Walker, affiliated with UCL Institute of Neurology (J.H., M.R., D.T.), King’s College London (M.R., M.W., A.R.) and the University of Edinburgh (C.S., R.W.)

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

A multiomics analysis of S100 protein family in breast cancer

The S100 gene family is the largest subfamily of calcium binding proteins of EFhand type, expressed in tissue and cell-specific manner, acting both as intracellular regulators and extracellular mediators. There is a growing interest in the S100 proteins and their relationships with different cancers because of their involvement in a variety of biological events closely related to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, the collective role and the possible coordination of this group of proteins, as well as the functional implications of their expression in breast cancer (BC) is still poorly known. We previously reported a large-scale proteomic investigation performed on BC patients for the screening of multiple forms of S100 proteins. Present study was aimed to assess the functional correlation between protein and gene expression patterns and the prognostic values of the S100 family members in BC. By using data mining, we showed that S100 members were collectively deregulated in BC, and their elevated expression levels were correlated with shorter survival and more aggressive phenotypes of BC (basal like, HER2 enriched, ER-negative and high grading). Moreover a multi-omics functional network analysis highlighted the regulatory effects of S100 members on several cellular pathways associated with cancer and cancer progression, expecially immune response and inflammation. Interestingly, for the first time, a pathway analysis was successfully applied on different omics data (transcriptomics and proteomics) revealing a good convergence between pathways affected by S100 in BC. Our data confirm S100 members as a promising panel of biomarkers for BC prognosis

TSH variations in chronic heart failure outpatients: clinical correlates and outcomes

Hypothyroidism is a frequently observed comorbidity in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), possibly giving rise to unfavorable outcomes