99 research outputs found
Empowering Small Enterprises by Driving Value and Flow Through Systemic Strategic Planning: An exploratory study into the strategic planning of Small Enterprises in the Canadian Provinces of Ontario and Quebec
The journey takes us at the heart of strategic planning in small enterprises (SEs). We explore the role of strategy and business models in SEs and how the two are adopted by SE managers, the level of involvement of their employees, and the outcomes on the enterprise.
In the increasingly fast-paced and highly competitive business landscape systemic strategic planning provides small enterprises (SEs) with valuable opportunities to understand and thoroughly examine their enterprises’ internal and external environments, and identify ways to enhance the likelihood of steering the company towards a preferred future.
In this in situ research initiative, which focuses on enterprises in the Provinces of Ontario and Quebec, we seek primarily to gather a better understanding of small enterprise managers’ views on strategic planning. Secondly, we explore tools, techniques, and practices used. Thirdly, we explore the growing trend of business modeling and how it is welcomed by SEs.
Our research team has uncovered a limited use or absence of systemic strategic planning amongst SEs. As a result, many SE managers have a preconceived notion that strategic planning is not for them and thus, at a cost, turn their attention to what is inherently most intuitive to them: operational planning.
SE managers often focus on an isolated aspect of the process, such as sales or financial performance, rather than the integrated process, and thus fail to close the loop.
Our research findings have identified a combination of key factors that impact the adoption of strategic planning. To that affect, several recommendations are proposed to the stackeholders as means of increasing the systemic adoption of strategic planning in SEs
Family adjustments to large scale financial crisis: US and Malaysian Cases
Economicshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/85265/1/alazem.pd
Erratum to: Effect of insertion route on risk of central line-associated bloodstream infection in critically ill patients
Thrombocytopenia is more Frequent in Gram negative Neonatal Septicemia
Background:
Sepsis is one of the major causes of neonatal thrombocytopenia.
Aim of the work: To identify the frequency, severity, and clinical outcome of thrombocytopenia associated with culture-proven neonatal septicemia in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) of Cairo University Children's Hospitals.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included all neonates with culture-proven sepsis and thrombocytopenia who were admitted to the NICUs over a one-year period (from January 2017 to December 2017). Thrombocytopenia was defined as platelet count less than 150x103/µL. The thrombocytopenic neonates were divided into two groups according to the type of cultured bacteria (gram-positive and gram-negative). Both groups were compared regarding maternal and neonatal risk factors, onset and severity of thrombocytopenia, complications, and patient survival.
Results: A total of 316 out of 2172 (total number of NICU admissions) newborns were found to have culture proven-sepsis (14.5%). The frequency of thrombocytopenia in neonates with culture proven-sepsis was 30.3% (n = 96/316). Prematurity is a risk factor for early onset sepsis with thrombocytopenia (p= 0.001). The frequency of severe thrombocytopenia is more in gram-negative sepsis than that in gram-positive sepsis at the onset of sepsis and at the lowest platelet count (p= 0.014, 0.015) respectively. The frequency of hemorrhage in neonates with sepsis and thrombocytopenia was 20.8 % (n = 20/96) and it was mainly pulmonary hemorrhage 10.4 % (n=10). The overall mortality among the study group was 40.6% (n=39/96), with a higher mortality rate (46.3%) in gram-negative sepsis with thrombocytopenia (OR 2.65, p= 0.042).
Conclusion: Neonatal thrombocytopenia is a common finding in neonatal sepsis, and the frequency of severe thrombocytopenia is more in gram negative sepsis. Pulmonary hemorrhage is a common type of bleeding in thrombocytopenic neonates with sepsis. Gram-positive sepsis associated thrombocytopenia has a better prognosis than gram-negative sepsis
The coat protein of Alfalfa mosaic virus interacts and interferes with the transcriptional activity of the bHLH transcription factor ILR3 promoting salicylic acid-dependent defence signalling response
[EN] During virus infection, specific viral component-host factor interaction elicits the transcriptional reprogramming of diverse cellular pathways. Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) can establish a compatible interaction in tobacco and Arabidopsis hosts. We show that the coat protein (CP) of AMV interacts directly with transcription factor (TF) ILR3 of both species. ILR3 is a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family member of TFs, previously proposed to participate in diverse metabolic pathways. ILR3 has been shown to regulate NEET in Arabidopsis, a critical protein in plant development, senescence, iron metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. We show that the AMV CP-ILR3 interaction causes a fraction of this TF to relocate from the nucleus to the nucleolus. ROS, pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR1) mRNAs, salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) contents are increased in healthy Arabidopsis loss-of-function ILR3 mutant (ilr3.2) plants, which implicates ILR3 in the regulation of plant defence responses. In AMV-infected wild-type (wt) plants, NEET expression is reduced slightly, but is induced significantly in ilr3.2 mutant plants. Furthermore, the accumulation of SA and JA is induced in Arabidopsis wt-infected plants. AMV infection in ilr3.2 plants increases JA by over 10-fold, and SA is reduced significantly, indicating an antagonist crosstalk effect. The accumulation levels of viral RNAs are decreased significantly in ilr3.2 mutants, but the virus can still systemically invade the plant. The AMV CP-ILR3 interaction may down-regulate a host factor, NEET, leading to the activation of plant hormone responses to obtain a hormonal equilibrium state, where infection remains at a level that does not affect plant viability.F.A. was the recipient of a contract Ramon y Cajal (RYC-2010-06169) program of the Ministerio de Educacion, Cultura y Deporte of Spain. We thank L. Corachan for excellent technical assistance. This work was supported by Grants BIO2014-54862-R from the Spanish grant agency Direccion General de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica (DGICT) the Prometeo Program GV2015/010 from the Generalitat Valenciana and PAID-06-10-1496 from the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (Spain).Aparicio Herrero, F.; Pallás Benet, V. (2017). The coat protein of Alfalfa mosaic virus interacts and interferes with the transcriptional activity of the bHLH transcription factor ILR3 promoting salicylic acid-dependent defence signalling response. Molecular Plant Pathology. 18(2):173-186. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12388S173186182Abbink, T. E. M., Peart, J. R., Mos, T. N. M., Baulcombe, D. C., Bol, J. F., & Linthorst, H. J. M. (2002). Silencing of a Gene Encoding a Protein Component of the Oxygen-Evolving Complex of Photosystem II Enhances Virus Replication in Plants. Virology, 295(2), 307-319. doi:10.1006/viro.2002.1332Alazem, M., & Lin, N. (2014). Roles of plant hormones in the regulation of host–virus interactions. Molecular Plant Pathology, 16(5), 529-540. doi:10.1111/mpp.12204Aparicio, F., Vilar, M., Perez-Payá, E., & Pallás, V. (2003). The coat protein of prunus necrotic ringspot virus specifically binds to and regulates the conformation of its genomic RNA. Virology, 313(1), 213-223. doi:10.1016/s0042-6822(03)00284-8Aparicio, F., Thomas, C. L., Lederer, C., Niu, Y., Wang, D., & Maule, A. J. (2005). Virus Induction of Heat Shock Protein 70 Reflects a General Response to Protein Accumulation in the Plant Cytosol. Plant Physiology, 138(1), 529-536. doi:10.1104/pp.104.058958Aparicio, F., Sánchez-Navarro, J. A., & Pallás, V. (2006). In vitro and in vivo mapping of the Prunus necrotic ringspot virus coat protein C-terminal dimerization domain by bimolecular fluorescence complementation. Journal of General Virology, 87(6), 1745-1750. doi:10.1099/vir.0.81696-0Balasubramaniam, M., Kim, B.-S., Hutchens-Williams, H. M., & Loesch-Fries, L. S. (2014). The Photosystem II Oxygen-Evolving Complex Protein PsbP Interacts With the Coat Protein of Alfalfa mosaic virus and Inhibits Virus Replication. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions®, 27(10), 1107-1118. doi:10.1094/mpmi-02-14-0035-rBhat, S., Folimonova, S. Y., Cole, A. B., Ballard, K. D., Lei, Z., Watson, B. S., … Nelson, R. S. (2012). Influence of Host Chloroplast Proteins on Tobacco mosaic virus Accumulation and Intercellular Movement. Plant Physiology, 161(1), 134-147. doi:10.1104/pp.112.207860Bol, J. F. (2005). 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Hexanoic Acid Treatment Prevents Systemic MNSV Movement in Cucumis melo Plants by Priming Callose Deposition Correlating SA and OPDA Accumulation
[EN] Unlike fungal and bacterial diseases, no direct method is available to control viral diseases. The use of resistance-inducing compounds can be an alternative strategy for plant viruses. Here we studied the basal response of melon to Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV) and demonstrated the efficacy of hexanoic acid (Hx) priming, which prevents the virus from systemically spreading. We analysed callose deposition and the hormonal profile and gene expression at the whole plant level. This allowed us to determine hormonal homeostasis in the melon roots, cotyledons, hypocotyls, stems and leaves involved in basal and hexanoic acid-induced resistance (Hx-IR) to MNSV. Our data indicate important roles of salicylic acid (SA), 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), jasmonic-isoleucine, and ferulic acid in both responses to MNSV. The hormonal and metabolites balance, depending on the time and location associated with basal and Hx-IR, demonstrated the reprogramming of plant metabolism in MNSV-inoculated plants. The treatment with both SA and OPDA prior to virus infection significantly reduced MNSV systemic movement by inducing callose deposition. This demonstrates their relevance in Hx-IR against MNSV and a high correlation with callose deposition. Our data also provide valuable evidence to unravel priming mechanisms by natural compounds.This work has been supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AGL2010-22300-C03-01-02, AGL2013-49023-C03-01-02-R and BIO2014-54862-R), co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund.Fernandez-Crespo, E.; Navarro Bohigues, JA.; Serra Soriano, M.; Finiti, I.; García Agustín, P.; Pallás Benet, V.; Gonzalez-Bosch, C. (2017). Hexanoic Acid Treatment Prevents Systemic MNSV Movement in Cucumis melo Plants by Priming Callose Deposition Correlating SA and OPDA Accumulation. Frontiers in Plant Science. 8:1-15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01793S1158Alazem, M., & Lin, N. (2014). Roles of plant hormones in the regulation of host–virus interactions. Molecular Plant Pathology, 16(5), 529-540. doi:10.1111/mpp.12204Ando, S., Obinata, A., & Takahashi, H. (2014). WRKY70 interacting with RCY1 disease resistance protein is required for resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus in Arabidopsis thaliana. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 85, 8-14. doi:10.1016/j.pmpp.2013.11.001Anfoka, G. H. (2000). Benzo-(1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester induces systemic resistance in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum. Mill cv. Vollendung) to Cucumber mosaic virus. 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Impacting Children’s Physical and Mental Health through Kinesiology Support in Clinical Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol
Objectives To enhance the confidence of children and adolescents with medical conditions and disabilities to engage in healthy, active lifestyles. Children with medical conditions and disabilities often exhibit more sedentary lifestyles relative to peers and are at increased risk of poor health outcomes. Clinical experience suggests physical activity confidence is an important factor influencing physical activity participation. Methods This randomized controlled trial evaluates an evidence-based intervention targeting physical activity confidence among children and adolescents with medical conditions and disabilities. Potential participants, 8 to 18 years of age diagnosed with a medical condition or disability, will be screened for adequate physical activity motivation but a lack confidence. Consenting participants (n=128) will be randomized 1:1 to a 12-week in-person or virtual physical activity intervention (24 hours/week total) led by a Registered Kinesiologist or control (assessments only). The intervention will combine physical activity participation with education about physical activity knowledge, goal setting, motivation and self-management. Primary outcomes are self-reported physical activity confidence and motivation at baseline, post-intervention and three months following intervention completion. A secondary outcome will be daily physical activity minutes assessed by accelerometry. A repeated measures mixed model will be used to compare outcomes between the in-person intervention, virtual intervention, and control groups (alpha=0.05). Conclusions This trial aims to assess the impact of a novel application of behaviour change theory on physical activity confidence among children and adolescents living with medical conditions or disabilities. Increased physical activity confidence, knowledge and skills could enable these youth to lead a more active lifestyle
Physiological, phenometric and productive changes in soybean crop due to the use of kinetin
Solanum venturii, a suitable model system for virus-induced gene silencing studies in potato reveals StMKK6 as an important player in plant immunity
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