Severe magnetic storm effects in the ionosphere over Istanbul:a case study

The present study concentrates on the effects on the ionosphere of an individual severe magnetic Storm of the Sudden Commencement (SSC)type,with SSC taking place in the daytime hours.The storm started on 29 October 1968 and went on to 2 November 1968 with geomagnetic 3-hourly magnetic activity index reaching values of Kp •7. Interplanetary magnetic field polarities included A (field polarity Away from the solar wind)positive and T (field polarity Towards the solar wind)negative polarities.In these conditions,the local response of true height of F-region (hF) ionization fails nonlinearly from fixed plasma densities.The interplanetary B z ,the magnetic field H - component and K p were examined for the 5 days following the sudden commencement.Due to intensive geomagnetic SC effects,the lower and upper limits of the F -regions were unbalanced because of gravity relaxation and solar wind pressure effects,until normal levels were restored.In the F -layer 70%deviations of critical frequencies (f 0 F )from median values,as well as hF level variations reaching hundreds of kilometers,were observed and were responsible for the destruction of communication channels.With a plasmapause location value L =1.6 and with K p •7 the protonosphere reservoir should take 1.1 days for its replenishment;one day was in fact insufficient for a full plasma recovery

Isokinetic knee muscular strength is associated with hematologic variables in female modern dancers

It is important to expose the risk factor in injury in the context of the health and the careers of dancers. Female are at greater risk of developing anemia than men, yet scarce data exist on anemia associated outcomes in female dancers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between bilateral isokinetic knee extensor and flexor muscles strength, and biochemical hematologic parameters in female modern dancers. Concentric isokinetic peak torque [(PT)-N.m], peak torque % body weight [(PT%BW)-N.m.kg-1], average peak torque [(AVGPT)-N.m] and total work [(TW)-J)] of the knee extensor and flexor muscles were measured at a velocity of 60º, 180º and 300ºs-1. To determine hematological parameters [red blood cell count (RBC), hematocrit (Hct), and Hb] were determined. The dancers of LHG and HHG had significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) for hematological parameters. HHG dancers’ strength production in extensors muscles of PT, TW and AVGPT in non-dominant left leg (p ≤ 0.05) were significantly higher than LHG dancers. There were significant (p ≤ 0.05) negative correlations between TW (300ºs-1) of left leg extensor muscles and RBC, Hct and Hb variables. Isokinetic knee muscular strength is associated with hematologic variables in female modern dancers. The current study provides evidence that the low-level hematologic parameters has decreased performance on torque production of extensors knee muscles in non-dominant leg during isokinetic muscle strength endurance in female modern dancers.This work was supported by the Marmara University Scientific Research Project Committee (project no: SAG-B- 060510-0116)

O desequilíbrio financeiro da Universidade de São Paulo: origens e medidas de ajuste

Uma breve análise do desempenho financeiro recente da Universidade de São Paulo é apresentada. Em primeiro lugar, discute-se o modelo de financiamento a partir da definição da autonomia universitária em 1989 e os resultados propiciados pela conquista da estabilidade de recursos, com tendência de crescimento, que possibilitou o melhor planejamento de sua expansão. Na sequência é apresentado o desempenho financeiro recente e se constata como a forte expansão das despesas, apesar da evolução favorável das receitas, levou ao surgimento de déficits e à perda de reservas pela universidade. A partir daí são apresentadas algumas medidas que já foram adotadas para buscar a reversão do desequilíbrio financeiro e propostas adicionais para essa finalidade.This works analyses the financial performance of the University of São Paulo over recent years. First, we discuss the current financing model of the institution; established in 1989 and based upon the autonomy provided by the government. This model, with stable and increasingly gradual income, has allowed for a better planning of its expansion. Then, the data regarding financial performance of the past few years are presented, showing that the income has increased. However, expenditure has increased at a faster rate, and that has resulted in deficit and reduction of the university’s financial reserves. Finally, we examine adopted measures and additional proposals to mitigate and overturn this financial instability

A potência feminista a partir de um olhar histórico: a Tribuna da Primeira Conferência Mundial da Mulher e o desejo de transformar tudo

Verónica Gago theorizes la potencia feminista as an alternative theory of power. Departing from the multiple forms of oppression that subjugate women, the author theorizes the desire to change everything. We propose to revisit the discussions held at the Tribune of the World Conference of the International Women’s Year, 1975, through la potencia feminista. Amidst the Cold War, thousands of women - from the global south and north, from socialist and capitalist countries - gathered for the first time to discuss their role in society. These women gathered at the Tribune and made themselves visible; in assembly, they discussed the multiple forms of oppression to which they were subjected. Discussions abounded, differences multiplied, and unanimities were scarce. Yet, we found at the Tribune an embryo of la potencia feminista as the desiring capacity which still spurs the historical fight for equality. Departing from historical documents and direct reports from those who attended the event, we conclude that it is evident the desire of those women to change power structures and to displace the limits to which they were subjected to, even among their own heterogeneity. Relying on the international diffusion literature, we also conclude that the Tribune left valuable contributions that were transnationally spread and translated, which still nowadays orient feminist movements.Verónica Gago desenvolve a potência feminista como teoria alternativa de poder. A partir das múltiplas opressões que recaem sobre as mulheres, a autora teoriza o desejo de transformar tudo. Propomos revisitar as discussões da Tribuna da Primeira Conferência Mundial da Mulher, 1975, a partir da potência feminista. Em meio à Guerra Fria, milhares de mulheres - do sul e do norte globais, de países socialistas e capitalistas - se reuniram pela primeira vez para discutir seu papel na sociedade. As mulheres se reuniram na Tribuna e tornaram-se visíveis; em assembleia, discutiram as opressões a que eram submetidas. As discussões foram numerosas, as diferenças se multiplicaram e as unanimidades foram escassas, mas é possível encontrar na Tribuna um embrião da potência feminista como capacidade desejante que segue impulsionando a luta histórica pela igualdade. Por meio da análise de documentos históricos e de relatos das participantes, concluímos ser evidente o desejo das participantes de mudar as estruturas de poder e deslocar os limites a que foram submetidas, mesmo em sua heterogeneidade. Revisitando a literatura de difusão internacional, concluímos, ainda, que a Tribuna deixou valiosas contribuições, difundidas e traduzidas de forma transnacional, e que ainda hoje orientam os movimentos feministas

The Effect of Family Attitudes and Preparation of High School Entrance Exam on Habitual Physical Activity in Children

AbstractPhysical activity level (PAL) is an important factor to promote and maintain a healthy lifestyle along the whole life cycle. The children and adolescent period is the critical time to acquire positive lifestyle habits. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of both high school entrance exam (HSEE) and parental behaviors on habitual PAL of students during the preparation of this exam. Totally 319 Elementary School students (154 girls, 165 boys) between ages of 11-13 were selected randomly for this study. PAL of students were evaluated by using the Beacke Physical Activity Questionnaires. There were a no significant differences between attendance and non attendance to extra courses for HSEE in terms of word activity (WA), sport activity (SA), and leisure activity (LA) scores (p<.05) among the students. It was shown that regular physical activity attendance of mothers plaid a significant role in LA scores (p≤.03) among the students. However, WA, and SA scores of students were not affected from their mother's habitual activities (p<.05). On the other hand, there were significant differences in WA, and SA according to father's regular physical activity attendance (p≤.01).As a conclusion, parental habitual physical activity level played an important role in high score of student's LA. It is recommended to monitor and promote parental physical activity

A potência feminista a partir de um olhar histórico: a Tribuna da Primeira Conferência Mundial da Mulher e o desejo de transformar tudo

Verónica Gago theorizes la potencia feminista as an alternative theory of power. Departing from the multiple forms of oppression that subjugate women, the author theorizes the desire to change everything. We propose to revisit the discussions held at the Tribune of the World Conference of the International Women’s Year, 1975, through la potencia feminista. Amidst the Cold War, thousands of women - from the global south and north, from socialist and capitalist countries - gathered for the first time to discuss their role in society. These women gathered at the Tribune and made themselves visible; in assembly, they discussed the multiple forms of oppression to which they were subjected. Discussions abounded, differences multiplied, and unanimities were scarce. Yet, we found at the Tribune an embryo of la potencia feminista as the desiring capacity which still spurs the historical fight for equality. Departing from historical documents and direct reports from those who attended the event, we conclude that it is evident the desire of those women to change power structures and to displace the limits to which they were subjected to, even among their own heterogeneity. Relying on the international diffusion literature, we also conclude that the Tribune left valuable contributions that were transnationally spread and translated, which still nowadays orient feminist movements.Verónica Gago desenvolve a potência feminista como teoria alternativa de poder. A partir das múltiplas opressões que recaem sobre as mulheres, a autora teoriza o desejo de transformar tudo. Propomos revisitar as discussões da Tribuna da Primeira Conferência Mundial da Mulher, 1975, a partir da potência feminista. Em meio à Guerra Fria, milhares de mulheres - do sul e do norte globais, de países socialistas e capitalistas - se reuniram pela primeira vez para discutir seu papel na sociedade. As mulheres se reuniram na Tribuna e tornaram-se visíveis; em assembleia, discutiram as opressões a que eram submetidas. As discussões foram numerosas, as diferenças se multiplicaram e as unanimidades foram escassas, mas é possível encontrar na Tribuna um embrião da potência feminista como capacidade desejante que segue impulsionando a luta histórica pela igualdade. Por meio da análise de documentos históricos e de relatos das participantes, concluímos ser evidente o desejo das participantes de mudar as estruturas de poder e deslocar os limites a que foram submetidas, mesmo em sua heterogeneidade. Revisitando a literatura de difusão internacional, concluímos, ainda, que a Tribuna deixou valiosas contribuições, difundidas e traduzidas de forma transnacional, e que ainda hoje orientam os movimentos feministas