Detailing the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in Portugal—Results from a population-based cancer registry cohort study

Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Cardoso Borges et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Background Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is the most common leukaemia among adults in western countries. Considering the increasing incidence and prevalence of this condition, it is highly relevant to better characterise these patients in Portugal, where data is still scarce. Methods To determine incidence, clinical presentation, survival and second malignancies, a population-based historical cohort study was conducted. Cases of interest were identified through the South Region Cancer Registry database and additional data sources. Patients aged ≥18 years, with a confirmed diagnosis of CLL or small lymphocytic lymphoma between January 1st, 2013 and December 31st, 2014 were included. Patients were followed-up until death or cut-off date (December 31st, 2019). Results A total of 496 patients were included and median follow-up time was 5.46 years. Crude incidence rates were 5.03 and 5.22 per 100,000 inhabitants for 2013 and 2014, respectively, and age-adjusted incidence rates were 3.18:100,000 European population for 2013 and 3.35:100,000 European population for 2014. Median age at diagnosis was 71 years and the male/female ratio was 1.40. The majority of patients had leukemic presentation of the disease (86.09%), was diagnosed in Binet stage A (75.58%) and did not present B symptoms (84.01%), anaemia (haemoglobin ≤10g/dL; 90.63%) nor thrombocytopenia (platelet count ≤100 000/μL; 91.73%). Five-year overall survival (OS) rate was 70.53% (95%CI 66.31–74.34) and age, lactate dehydrogenase, Binet stage and a ≥5 Charlson comorbidity index score were independently associated with OS. Standardised-incidence ratios for any second malignancy and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma were 1.59 (95%CI 1.19–2.08) and 10.15 (95%CI 6.28–15.51), respectively. Conclusion Incidence, clinical presentation and survival of CLL Portuguese patients are similar to those reported for other western countries. The increased risk of second malignancies raises concerns and needs adequate clinical watchfulness.publishersversionpublishe

Monitoring and Management of the Palliative Care Patient Symptoms: A Best Practice Implementation Project

Acknowledgments: The authors acknowledge the support provided by Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), hosted by the Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), and the Portugal Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Portugal.Background: In palliative care, symptoms are multiple and combined, evolving and changing, with a multidimensional character and multifactorial causes, and a high prevalence, negatively influencing the patient’s and family’s quality of life. Nurses who provide palliative care need to recognize and respond effectively to their patients’ symptoms. Methods: A project will be applied to implement the best practice in monitoring and managing palliative care patients’ symptoms. The Joanna Briggs Institute Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System (JBI PACES) and Getting Research into Practice (GRiP) audit and feedback tool will be used. The JBI PACES and GRiP framework for promoting evidence-based healthcare involves three phases of activity. First, a baseline audit. In a second phase, feedback will be given to the project team after the conclusion of the baseline audit report. Then, a third phase will be conducted as a follow-up audit. Conclusions: This project will improve the practice of the nursing team in monitoring and managing the symptoms of palliative care patients, positively influencing the quality of life of the patient and his family. The implementation and dissemination of this project could boost its replication in other centres.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A importância do diagnóstico precoce para o sucesso terapêutico na mucocele de apêndice: Relato de caso

Mucocele de apêndice se caracteriza por ser uma patologia rara, e se deve ao acúmulo de secreção mucoide intraluminal, ocasionando dilatação do apêndice vermiforme. Representa 0,2 a 0,3% das apendicectomias, com predomínio em mulheres por volta da sexta e sétima década de vida. Trata-se de uma entidade inespecífica, que pode ter diferentes etiologias, sejam elas benignas ou malignas. É de extrema importância sua identificação e tratamento precoce a fim de se evitar complicações como pseudomixoma peritoneal, uma condição potencialmente fatal, que ocorre pela disseminação de material mucinoso na cavidade peritoneal após a ruptura do apêndice. No entanto, esse diagnóstico precoce é pouco comum devido à escassez de sinais e sintomas da patologia, se tornando útil a obtenção de exames complementares para a suspeição do diagnóstico no pré-operatório. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de mucocele de apêndice cujo diagnóstico foi sugerido no pré-operatório, ressaltando a importância desse reconhecimento precoce da doença para um desfecho favorável e abordar suas condutas diagnósticas e terapêuticas. O relato de caso aqui apresentado contribui para a literatura enriquecendo os conhecimentos sobre mucocele, pois se trata de uma doença incomum e de difícil diagnóstico. O caso a ser relatado se refere a uma paciente de 56 anos, sexo feminino, sem sinais ou sintomas específicos, no qual o diagnóstico de mucocele foi sugerido de forma precoce e acidentalmente após uma colonoscopia e tomografia computadorizada de abdome, sendo realizado a apendicectomia e tiflectomia como conduta terapêutica, apresentando boa evolução e sucesso terapêutico. O caso relatado ilustra de forma clara o que se tem descrito sobre a conduta diagnóstica e terapêutica da mucocele, ressaltando a dificuldade diagnóstica pré-operatória devido principalmente à pobreza de manifestações clínicas, sendo necessário a realização de exames complementares para diagnóstico pré-operatório, uma vez que, este é essencial para que se possa fazer um planejamento cirúrgico e dessa forma obter bons resultados. Mucocele de apêndice é uma doença incomum, e com alto potencial de se agravar, no entanto, altamente curável com tratamento cirúrgico precoce e adequado

Bell pepper yield as a function of an alternative source of organic matter

For a good development and a consequently high production, the bell pepper requires, among other conditions, satisfactory levels of soil fertility. In this perspective, this work aimed to evaluate the parameters of production and productivity of the bell pepper cultivar ‘Casca Dura Ikeda’ cultivated in field conditions, with different doses of buriti stem, in Bom Jesus, Piauí. The experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Department of the Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas of the Federal University of Piauí (CPCE/UFPI). The experimental design was in randomized blocks with treatments distributed in plots referring to organic fertilization. There were five (5) doses of buriti stem (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 t ha-1) plus an additional treatment (bovine manure and NPK mineral fertilizer), with four replications and an experimental unit consisting of twenty plants. The following variables were analyzed: number of fruits per plant, mean fruit length, basal diameter, mean thickness of the fruit pulp, mean fruit weight, production, and yield. We concluded that the yield attributes of the bell pepper cv. ‘Casca Dura Ikeda’ are influenced by organic fertilization, and production is increased by the buriti stem doses of 20 t ha-1 and 30 t ha-1 and by the use of the combination of manure and mineral fertilizer.For a good development and a consequently high production, the bell pepper requires, among other conditions, satisfactory levels of soil fertility. In this perspective, this work aimed to evaluate the parameters of production and productivity of the bell pepper cultivar ‘Casca Dura Ikeda’ cultivated in field conditions, with different doses of buriti stem, in Bom Jesus, Piauí. The experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Department of the Campus Professora Cinobelina Elvas of the Federal University of Piauí (CPCE/UFPI). The experimental design was in randomized blocks with treatments distributed in plots referring to organic fertilization. There were five (5) doses of buriti stem (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 t ha-1) plus an additional treatment (bovine manure and NPK mineral fertilizer), with four replications and an experimental unit consisting of twenty plants. The following variables were analyzed: number of fruits per plant, mean fruit length, basal diameter, mean thickness of the fruit pulp, mean fruit weight, production, and yield. We concluded that the yield attributes of the bell pepper cv. ‘Casca Dura Ikeda’ are influenced by organic fertilization, and production is increased by the buriti stem doses of 20 t ha-1 and 30 t ha-1 and by the use of the combination of manure and mineral fertilizer

Programa de renda mínima e o debate sobre necessidades na tradição marxista

Resultados de investigações sociais, realizadas em vários países, concernentes aos programas de transferência de renda mínima, ressaltam controvérsias relacionadas à eficácia na redução da pobreza, ao caráter assistencial e a concepção não universal e condicional de implantação, que remetem aos desafios relacionados à natureza das políticas públicas e programas sociais, particularmente os implantados na América Latina e no Brasil. Este artigo é produto da interlocução entre a reflexão teórica e os dados empíricos proporcionada pelo projeto “Desigualdades sociais e programas de transferência de renda mínima na Amazônia: a experiência do Pará e do Amapá”, que tem explicitado as contradições presentes no programa Bolsa Família e Bolsa Trabalho. Tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão da literatura, que tem se debruçado sobre as concepções de necessidade e renda mínima, bem como salientar a contribuição de Marx e de autores marxistas acerca da discussão de necessidades sociais a partir de uma perspectiva humanista

PERFIL SOCIODEMOGRÁFICO DE IDOSOS VÍTIMAS DE SUICÍDIO EM UM ESTADO DO NORDESTE DO BRASIL

Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil do idoso vítima de suicídio e identificar os meios utilizados para cometer o suicídio. Método: estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, realizado em um Instituto de Medicina Legal de referência. A amostra foi constituída de 61 declarações de óbito por suicídio ocorridos no período entre 2007 e 2014. Para a coleta, utilizou-se o questionário. Os dados foram tratados por meio de análise estatística descritiva. Resultados: o perfil do idoso que cometeu suicídio foi o de homens, com baixa escolaridade, aposentados, casados e residentes na capital do estado. Domicílio e enforcamento foram local e meio frequentes. Conclusão: sexo, escolaridade, estado civil, situação laboral e área de moradia foram as principais variáveis que caracterizaram o perfil dos idosos que cometeram suicídio. O meio físico (enforcamento) foi a principal estratégia utilizada, e o espaço privado (o domicílio) foi o local de escolha para cometer o ato. Descritores: Mortalidade. Idoso. Suicídio

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of essential oil of Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg (Guavira)

The essential oils from Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg leaves, collected in the reproductive (flowering and fruit-bearing) and vegetative stages, were characterized by GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). A total of 95 compounds of the essential oils were identified. In the reproductive stage (flowering) the major constituents were monoterpenes (limonene, α-pinene and β-pinene) while during the vegetative stage the major constituents were the sesquiterpenes (bicyclogermacrene and globulol). The essential oil of the reproductive stage shows high antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans, and all show moderate activity against Escherichia coli. The essential oils were also evaluated for their radical-scavenging activity by DPPH. The chemogeographical variations of the oil composition from the four distinct localities studied all contained α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, linalool, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D and bicyclogermacrene, however the samples from Jardim city contained neither limonene nor linalool.Os óleos essenciais obtidos das folhas de Campomanesia adamantium foram caracterizados através da combinação de CG-EM e índice de retenção, sendo identificado um total de 95 compostos. Na floração as substâncias majoritárias foram monoterpenos (limoneno, α-pineno e β-pineno) e durante o estágio vegetativo as substâncias majoritárias foram sesquiterpenos (biciclogermacreno e globulol). Os óleos essenciais obtidos da floração e frutificação mostraram alta atividade contra Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Candida albicans e moderada contra Escherichia coli em todos os estágios. Foi avaliada a atividade antioxidante dos óleos essenciais usando o método do DPPH. O óleo essencial das 4 cidades mostrou a presença de α-pineno, β-pineno, limoneno, linalol, β-cariofileno, germacreno D e biciclogermacreno, mas a amostra da cidade de Jardim não apresentou limoneno e linalol

Determinación mediante la prueba del laberinto elevado en cruz del efecto ansiogénico en ratas de extractos de Tabernaemontana solanifolia A. DC. (Apocynaceae)

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Tabernaemontana solanifolia A. DC. (Apocynaceae) grows in the Cerrado (savanna), Caatinga (shrublands), and Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Objective: to investigate the potential anxiolytic activity of the crude extracts and ß-amyrin acetate obtained from the leaves of Tabernaemontana solanifolia in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) test for anxiety in rats. Methods: the crude extracts (aqueous, ethanol, and hexane), as well as ß-amyrin acetate, obtained from Tabernaemontana solanifolia leaves were evaluated for possible anxiolytic effects in rats tested in the elevated plus-maze. Acute toxicity in rats was determined by OECD 423 guidelines. The leaves of T. solanifolia specimens collected in Brasília, Brazil, were air dried at 40 °C and macerated with hexane or ethanol. After filtration, the solvents were removed under reduced pressure, yielding the crude hexane and ethanolic extracts (5.96 and 18.62 % yield, respectively). The crude aqueous extract was obtained by infusion, followed by lyophilization (13.5 % yield). Thirty minutes before the elevated plus-maze experiments, the animals were treated with the crude ethanol extract (1 000 mg/kg of body weight [bw], p.o.), the crude hexane extract (1 000 mg/kg bw, p.o.), the crude extract (1 000 mg/kg bw, p.o.), or ß-amyrin acetate (21 mg/kg bw, p.o.). Results: the extracts cauded no mortality up to 2 000 mg/kg, so half of DL50 doses were selected for the present study. The crude extracts (hexane, ethanolic and aqueous) (1.0 g/kg) as well as the substance ß-amyrin acetate (21 mg/kg) were administered once, increasing the number of entries into and the time spent in the closed arms of the elevated plus-maze. Conclusion: the oral administration of the extracts and ß-amyrin acetate obtained from Tabernaemontana solanifolia had an anxiogenic effect in rats. Further studies are needed in order to identify and characterize the anxiogenic properties of Tabernaemontana solanifolia and to understand the anxiogenic mechanisms of the extracts. ______________________________________________________________________________ RESUMENIntroducción: Tabernaemontana solanifolia A. DC. (Apocynaceae) crece en el Cerrado (sabana), Caatinga (matorrales) y la Mata Atlántica de Brasil. Objetivo: investigar la posible actividad ansiolítica de los extractos crudos y el acetato de ß-amirina obtenidos de las hojas de Tabernaemontana solanifolia en la prueba del laberinto elevado en cruz (EPM) para la ansiedad en ratas. Métodos: los extractos crudos (etanol acuoso y hexano), así como el acetato de ß-amirina, se evaluaron para posibles efectos ansiolíticos en ratas mediante la prueba del laberinto elevado en cruz. La toxicidad aguda en ratas se determinó por las directrices OCDE 423. Las hojas de Tabernaemontana solanifolia se secaron al aire a 40 °C y fueron maceradas con hexano y etanol. Después de la filtración, los disolventes se eliminaron bajo presión reducida, produciendo los extractos crudos hexano y etanólico (5,96 y 18,62 % de rendimiento, respectivamente). El extracto acuoso bruto se obtuvo por infusión, seguida por liofilización (13,5 % de rendimiento). A 30 min antes de los experimentos de laberinto elevado en cruz, los animales se trataron con el extracto de etanol crudo (1 000 mg/kg de peso corporal [bw], p.o.), el extracto de hexano crudo (1 000 mg/kg de peso corporal, por vía oral), el extracto acuoso (1 000 mg/kg de peso corporal, por vía oral) o ß-amirina acetato (21 mg/kg de peso corporal, por vía oral). Resultados: los extractos no produjeron mortalidad hasta 2 000 mg/kg, por lo que para el presente estudio se seleccionó la mitad de la dosis DL50. Los extractos crudos (hexano, etanol y acuoso) (1 000 mg/kg), así como la sustancia acetato de ß-amirina (21 mg/kg) se administraron una vez, aumentando el número de entradas y el tiempo pasado en los brazos cerrados de la prueba del laberinto elevado en cruz. Conclusión: la administración oral de los extractos y el acetato de ß-amirina obtenidos de Tabernaemontana solanifolia tuvo un efecto ansiogénico en ratas. Se necesitan estudios adicionales para identificar y caracterizar las propiedades ansiogénicas de Tabernaemontana solanifolia y para entender los mecanismos ansiogénicos de los extractos

Callous-unemotional traits moderate anticipated guilt and wrongness judgments to everyday moral transgressions in adolescents

The Supplementary Material for this article can be found online at: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.625328/full#supplementary-materialCallous-unemotional (CU) traits observed during childhood and adolescence are thought to be precursors of psychopathic traits in adulthood. Adults with high levels of psychopathic traits typically present antisocial behavior. Such behavior can be indicative of atypical moral processing. Evidence suggests that moral dysfunction in these individuals may stem from a disruption of affective components of moral processing rather than from an inability to compute moral judgments per se. No study to date has tested if the dissociation between affective and cognitive dimensions of moral processing linked to psychopathic traits in adulthood is also linked to CU traits during development. Here, 47 typically developing adolescents with varying levels of CU traits completed a novel, animated cartoon task depicting everyday moral transgressions and indicated how they would feel in such situations and how morally wrong the situations were. Adolescents with higher CU traits reported reduced anticipated guilt and wrongness appraisals of the transgressions. However, our key finding was a significant interaction between CU traits and anticipated guilt in predicting wrongness judgments. The strength of the association between anticipated guilt and wrongness judgement was significantly weaker for those with higher levels of CU traits. This evidence extends our knowledge on the cognitive-affective processing deficits that may underlie moral dysfunction in youth who are at heightened risk for antisocial behavior and psychopathy in adulthood. Future longitudinal research is required to elucidate whether there is an increased dissociation between different components of moral processing from adolescence to adulthood for those with high psychopathic traits.This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) research grant awarded to AS-C (PTDC/MHC-PCN/2296/2014), co-financed by FEDER through COMPETE2020 under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016747). The study was conducted at the Psychology Research Center (PSI/01662), School of Psychology, University of Minho, supported by FCT through the Portuguese State Budget (Ref.: UIDB/PSI/01662/2020)