Transient sinus bradycardia caused by hepatitis A virus: a case report

Abstract Background The most common cause of acute viral hepatitis is the hepatitis A virus (HAV). Millions of people are thought to be infected each year. It is transmitted either by the fecal-oral route or by consuming contaminated food. Extrahepatic complications, notably cardiologic ones, are infrequent. This case report was presented due to the development of HAV-related bradycardia without hypotension in an unvaccinated refugee patient. Case presentation A 9-year-old male presented with the complaint of jaundice and vomiting. There was no history of fever, diarrhea, or abdominal pain. A precise knowledge of suspected food intake is lacking. There was no pathological examination finding except jaundice. Total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase levels were high. The coagulation test was normal. Anti-HAV-IgM/IgG was positive in the patient with suspicious viral hepatitis. In the follow-up, the heart rate decreased to 43 beats/min during sleep and 46 beats/min when awake. Cardiological examination and tests were within normal limits. Hypotension was not accompanied. In the follow-up, bradycardia and impaired liver function tests regressed. The patient was discharged on the 10th day. Conclusions Cardiologic complications are rare, and patients diagnosed with acute hepatitis A should be monitored. The most effective way of protection from the hepatitis A virus is vaccination

Bilateral Lower Cervical Bifurcation of the Common Carotid Artery

Lower cervical bifurcation of cervical common carotid artery (CCA) is a very rarely encountered anatomic variation. Knowing the normal vascular anatomy and also its anomalies is important in preventing the vascular complications. Ill-defined vascular anomalies may lead to massive hemorrhage and eventually death during head and neck surgery. Imaging of the neck by magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI), CT, or angiography is helpful for diagnosis. We present a 62-year-old male patient diagnosed with laryngeal carcinoma who had been treated. His MRI revealed bilateral low-level bifurcation of the cervical common carotid arteries as well as tumor localization and its boundaries. Total laryngectomy and right selective neck dissection was performed to the patient with the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. During the neck dissection, carotid bifurcation was detected in common border of Level 3 and Level 4 of the neck

Using cell banks as a tool in conservation programmes of native domestic breeds: the production of the first cloned Anatolian Grey cattle

The aim of this study was to clone native Anatolian Grey cattle by using different donor cell types, such as fibroblast, cartilage and granulosa cells cryopreserved in a gene bank and oocytes aspirated from ovaries of Holstein cows as the recipient cytoplasm source. One male calf from fibroblast, three female calves from granulosa cells and one female calf from cartilage cells were born healthy and at normal birthweights. No calves were lost after birth. The results demonstrated that the cloned calves had the same microsatellite alleles at 11 loci as their nuclear donors. However, the mtDNAs of the five Anatolian Grey cloned calves had different haplotypes from their donor cells and mtDNA heteroplasmy could not be detected in any of the clones. The birth of healthy clones suggests that the haplotype difference between the cell and oocyte donor did not affect the pre- or post-implantation development of the bovine nuclear transfer derived embryos in our study. The results showed that well established nuclear transfer protocols could be useful in conserving endangered species. In conclusion, somatic cell banking can be suggested as a tool in conservation programmes of animal genetic resources

Infectious Complications of Induction Therapies in Kidney Transplantation.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and BK virus (BKV) are post-transplant opportunistic viral infections that affect patientand graft survival. This study was designed to evaluate the risk of BKV nephropathy and CMV disease in kidneytransplant recipients who received induction therapy with ATG or basiliximab.Material/Methods: We retrospectively analyzed information on 257 adult patients who underwent kidney transplantation betweenJanuary 2007 and 2017. Patients were categorized into 3 groups according to the induction therapies. The primaryendpoint was the onset of CMV disease or biopsy-confirmed BKV nephropathy. The secondary endpointswere biopsy-proven rejection episodes, graft loss, loss to follow-up, and death.Results: We followed 257 patients for a median of 55.5 months. The incidence of CMV disease was significantly higherin the only ATG group compared to the group without induction treatment (p<0.001). There was no significantdifference in the incidence of BKV nephropathy among groups (p>0.05). The dosage of ATG (OR, 10.685; 95%CI, 1.343 5 to 85.009; P=0.025) was independent risk factor for death.Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a higher dosage of ATG in high-risk patients is associated with an increased riskof CMV disease and patient death, also, reducing the dosage may be a rational strategy for increasing graftand patient’s survival

The prevalence of childhood psychopathology in Turkey: a cross-sectional multicenter nationwide study (EPICPAT-T)

Conclusion: This is the largest and most comprehensive epidemiological study to determine the prevalence of psychopathologies in children and adolescents in Turkey. Our results partly higher than, and partly comparable to previous national and international studies. It also contributes to the literature by determining the independent predictors of psychopathologies in this age group

The prevalence of childhood psychopathology in Turkey: a cross-sectional multicenter nationwide study (EPICPAT-T).

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of childhood psychopathologies in Turkey

Prevalence of Childhood Affective disorders in Turkey: An epidemiological study

Aim: To determine the prevalence of affective disorders in Turkey among a representative sample of Turkish population. Methods: This study was conducted as a part of the "The Epidemiology of Childhood Psychopathology in Turkey" (EPICPAT-T) Study, which was designed by the Turkish Association of Child and Adolescent Mental Health. The inclusion criterion was being a student between the second and fourth grades in the schools assigned as study centers. The assessment tools used were the K-SADS-PL, and a sociodemographic form that was designed by the authors. Impairment was assessed via a 3 point-Likert type scale independently rated by a parent and a teacher. Results: A total of 5842 participants were included in the analyses. The prevalence of affective disorders was 2.5 % without considering impairment and 1.6 % when impairment was taken into account. In our sample, the diagnosis of bipolar disorder was lacking, thus depressive disorders constituted all the cases. Among depressive disorders with impairment, major depressive disorder (MDD) (prevalence of 1.06%) was the most common, followed by dysthymia (prevalence of 0.2%), adjustment disorder with depressive features (prevalence of 0.17%), and depressive disorder-NOS (prevalence of 0.14%). There were no statistically significant gender differences for depression. Maternal psychopathology and paternal physical illness were predictors of affective disorders with pervasive impairment. Conclusion: MDD was the most common depressive disorder among Turkish children in this nationwide epidemiological study. This highlights the severe nature of depression and the importance of early interventions. Populations with maternal psychopathology and paternal physical illness may be the most appropriate targets for interventions to prevent and treat depression in children and adolescents