Accelerating video frames classification with metric based scene segmentation

ABSTRACT: This paper addresses the problem of the efficient classification of images in a video stream in cases, where all of the video has to be labeled. Realizing the similarity of consecutive frames, we introduce a set of simple metrics to measure that similarity. To use these observations for decreasing the number of necessary classifications, we propose a scene segmentation algorithm. Performed experiments have evaluated the acquired scene sizes and classification accuracy resulting from the usage of different similarity metrics with our algorithm. As a result, we have identified those metrics from the considered set, which show the best characteristics for usage in scene segmentation

An Overview of Image Analysis Techniques in Endoscopic Bleeding Detection

ABSTRACT:Authors review the existing bleeding detection methods focusing their attention on the image processing techniques utilised in the algorithms. In the article, 18 methods were analysed and their functional components were identified. The authors proposed six different groups, to which algorithms' components were assigned: colour techniques, reflecting features of pixels as individual values, texture techniques, considering spatial dependencies between pixels, contour techniques for edges and contours, segmentation techniques for dividing images into meaningful regions, decision mechanisms for final interpretation of the image and other techniques that do not match any of the introduced groups. Authors conclude that the algorithms could be still improved by applying more complete sets of techniques to address the importance of visual features of endoscopic bleeding. Also, improvement is possible in the area of decisive classifiers

TEORIA WZMOCNIENIA JEDNOFOLIOWEGO DETEKTORA Z GAZOWYM POWIELANIEM ELEKTRONÓW

Gain prediction theory of single foil Gas Electron Multiplier detector was developed. Gas electron multiplier (GEM) detector with single foil was developed. Soft X-ray spectra with an energy of 5.9 keV emitted by the isotope Fe-55 were measured. On this basis, the dependence of gain and energy resolution from the detector voltage was determined. The simple theory of gain dependence on various detector parameters was developed. Preliminary results of the study confirmed the potential usefulness of the GEM detector as a substitute for the multiwire proportional chamber.Opracowano teorię wzmocnienia jednofoliowego detektora z gazowym powielaniem elektronów. Opracowano detektor z gazowym powielaniem elektronów z pojedynczą folią. Zmierzono widmo miękkiego promieniowania X, o energii 5,9 keV, emitowanego przez izotop Fe-55. Na tej podstawie wyznaczono zależność wzmocnienia i energetycznej zdolności rozdzielczej od napięcia zasilającego detektor. Opracowano prosta teorią zależności wzmocnienia od różnych parametrów detektora. Wstępne rezultaty badań potwierdzają potencjalną przydatność detektora GEM jako substytutu wielodrutowej komory proporcjonalnej

A Multicenter, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial of Atorvastatin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased cardiovascular event (CVE) risk. The impact of statins in RA is not established. We assessed whether atorvastatin is superior to placebo for the primary prevention of CVEs in RA patients. Methods: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was designed to detect a 32% CVE risk reduction based on an estimated 1.6% per annum event rate with 80% power at P 50 years or with a disease duration of >10 years who did not have clinical atherosclerosis, diabetes, or myopathy received atorvastatin 40 mg daily or matching placebo. The primary end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, transient ischemic attack, or any arterial revascularization. Secondary and tertiary end points included plasma lipids and safety. Results: A total of 3,002 patients (mean age 61 years; 74% female) were followed up for a median of 2.51 years (interquartile range [IQR] 1.90, 3.49 years) (7,827 patient‐years). The study was terminated early due to a lower than expected event rate (0.70% per annum). Of the 1,504 patients receiving atorvastatin, 24 (1.6%) experienced a primary end point, compared with 36 (2.4%) of the 1,498 receiving placebo (hazard ratio [HR] 0.66 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.39, 1.11]; P = 0.115 and adjusted HR 0.60 [95% CI 0.32, 1.15]; P = 0.127). At trial end, patients receiving atorvastatin had a mean ± SD low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level 0.77 ± 0.04 mmoles/liter lower than those receiving placebo (P < 0.0001). C‐reactive protein level was also significantly lower in the atorvastatin group than the placebo group (median 2.59 mg/liter [IQR 0.94, 6.08] versus 3.60 mg/liter [IQR 1.47, 7.49]; P < 0.0001). CVE risk reduction per mmole/liter reduction in LDL cholesterol was 42% (95% CI −14%, 70%). The rates of adverse events in the atorvastatin group (n = 298 [19.8%]) and placebo group (n = 292 [19.5%]) were similar. Conclusion: Atorvastatin 40 mg daily is safe and results in a significantly greater reduction of LDL cholesterol level than placebo in patients with RA. The 34% CVE risk reduction is consistent with the Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ Collaboration meta‐analysis of statin effects in other populations

AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds

Functional traits offer a rich quantitative framework for developing and testing theories in evolutionary biology, ecology and ecosystem science. However, the potential of functional traits to drive theoretical advances and refine models of global change can only be fully realised when species‐level information is complete. Here we present the AVONET dataset containing comprehensive functional trait data for all birds, including six ecological variables, 11 continuous morphological traits, and information on range size and location. Raw morphological measurements are presented from 90,020 individuals of 11,009 extant bird species sampled from 181 countries. These data are also summarised as species averages in three taxonomic formats, allowing integration with a global phylogeny, geographical range maps, IUCN Red List data and the eBird citizen science database. The AVONET dataset provides the most detailed picture of continuous trait variation for any major radiation of organisms, offering a global template for testing hypotheses and exploring the evolutionary origins, structure and functioning of biodiversity

REAL-TIME BLEEDING DETECTION IN GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT ENDOSCOPIC EXAMINATIONS VIDEO

ABSTRAC

Konstrukcja bazy danych dla systemu wspomagania diagnostyki chorób przewodu pokarmowego

The article briefly presents the process of diagnosing gastrointestinal diseases and discusses existing techniques of supporting it with automatic analysis of video from gastrointestinal examinations. Further, the process of designing a specialized medical database is described. The main goal of the created database is to provide data for the training of automatic classifiers of gastrointestinal diseases. Finally, the collected data and acquired results are presented.W artykule krótko przedstawiono charakterystykę procesu diagnostyki chorób przewodu pokarmowego oraz istniejące techniki wspomagania go na bazie analizy zdjęć z badań endoskopowych. Szczegółowo opisano proces tworzenia specjalistycznej bazy danych medycznych, której przeznaczeniem jest wspomaganie procesu uczenia klasyfikatorów chorób przewodu pokarmowego. Na koniec przedstawiono zebrane w bazie dane oraz uzyskane efekty

Depth Images Filtering In Distributed Streaming

In this paper, we propose a distributed system for point cloud processing and transferring them via computer network regarding to effectiveness-related requirements. We discuss the comparison of point cloud filters focusing on their usage for streaming optimization. For the filtering step of the stream pipeline processing we evaluate four filters: Voxel Grid, Radial Outliner Remover, Statistical Outlier Removal and Pass Through. For each of the filters we perform a series of tests for evaluating the impact on the point cloud size and transmitting frequency (analysed for various fps ratio). We present results of the optimization process used for point cloud consolidation in a distributed environment. We describe the processing of the point clouds before and after the transmission. Pre- and post-processing allow the user to send the cloud via network without any delays. The proposed pre-processing compression of the cloud and the post-processing reconstruction of it are focused on assuring that the end-user application obtains the cloud with a given precision

AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds

Functional traits offer a rich quantitative framework for developing and testing theories in evolutionary biology, ecology and ecosystem science. However, the potential of functional traits to drive theoretical advances and refine models of global change can only be fully realised when species-level information is complete. Here we present the AVONET dataset containing comprehensive functional trait data for all birds, including six ecological variables, 11 continuous morphological traits, and information on range size and location. Raw morphological measurements are presented from 90,020 individuals of 11,009 extant bird species sampled from 181 countries. These data are also summarised as species averages in three taxonomic formats, allowing integration with a global phylogeny, geographical range maps, IUCN Red List data and the eBird citizen science database. The AVONET dataset provides the most detailed picture of continuous trait variation for any major radiation of organisms, offering a global template for testing hypotheses and exploring the evolutionary origins, structure and functioning of biodiversity