An Improved Slant Path Attenuation Prediction Method in Tropical Climates

An improved method for predicting slant path attenuation in tropical climates is presented in this paper. The proposed approach is based on rain intensity data R_0.01 (mm/h) from 37 tropical and equatorial stations; and is validated by using the measurement data from a few localities in tropical climates. The new method seems to accurately predict the slant path attenuation in tropical localities, and the comparative tests seem to show significant improvement in terms of the RMS of the relative error variable compared to the RMS obtained with the SAM, Crane, and ITU-R prediction models

Investigation of the unified rain attenuation prediction method with data from tropical climates

The semi-empirical method recently proposed by Silva Mello and Pontes (SMP) for the prediction of rain attenuation in slant paths is investigated in this letter. The SMP method uses the simplified model of equivalent rain cell and the concept of an effective rain rate. However, substantial deviations were observed in SMP predictions when compared to the rain cell diameters derived from experimental data. The measured rain rates and attenuations were obtained from three tropical climates (Australia, and USM and IIUM both in Malaysia). The measured rain attenuation complementary cumulative distributions (CCDs) were also compared to SMP and the Rec. ITU-R P. 618-11. The test results show that the ITU-R model performs much better compared to SMP method in the three tropical climates

LTE Coverage Network Planning and Comparison with Different Propagation Models

Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the next step (fourth generation) mobile radio communication technology that succeeds the HSPA.3GPP standardization body. LTE is expected to be the most competitive radio technology in the future to provide high-data-rate transmission, low latency, improved service and reduced costs. This paper focuses on one of the basic steps in the LTE network planning, by employing LTE dimensioning process, such as link budget and planning, for uplink and downlink coverage, as well as categorization of simulated received signal strengths. Also, a comparison of different propagation models, used by ATDI software (free-space, Okumura / Hata / David, Stanford University Interim (SUI), COST-231 Hata and ITU -R 525/526 Deygout). The Okumura / Hata / David’s model showed the highest received power sensitivity (-61 dBm, at 3 km separation distance), while COST-231 Hata model shows the lowest sensitivity at same distance (-96 dBm). In this paper, ATDI planning LTE radio planning software platform has been used for estimating the coverage of UTM, which is a dense urban environment

Combustion Modeling of a Fixed Bed Downdraft Biomass Gasifier Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Design

Thermochemical conversion of biomass in a gasifier for the production of syngas provides the enabling technology for efficient biomass resource utilization. Gasification is a complex process involving the interactions of numerous parameters, hence CFD tool is usually utilized to numerically optimize the design and operation of the gasifier reactor for improved performance. The gasification of multiple biomass usually requires a complex set of facilities for experimental set up in order to determine the optimum operating conditions for maximum gas yield. When this is not available, it can pose a bottle-neck to process development and optimization.  In this study, the GAMBIT and FLUENT were used to model and simulate the gasifier reactor with emphasis on the combustion and gasification (reduction) zones in order to maximize the thermal output of the combustor by an optimization of biomass fuel types. Model validation was achieved by showing a close agreement between numerical and experimental results within the same configuration, particularly to show the effect of temperature on the gasification of Fixed Bed Downdraft gasifier. The fraction of initial moisture content, air flow rate, temperature of the pyrolysis zone, and chemical composition of the biomass were the required input data for the model to predict the gasification temperature. Computations were carried out for rice husk, saw dust and corn cobs as gasifier fuels, whereby air was used as the oxidizing agent. The porosity and oxidizer velocity were varied between 0.1 – 0.5 and 5 – 15 m/s respectively. The predicted results compared with experimental data showed good agreement. The simulated temperature gradient also indicated that rich fuel combustion zone was greater for rice husk - corn cobs, an indication that improved gasification and pyrolysis were present

Kebijakan Penanggulangan Kemiskinan Kota Semarang Melalui Kartu Identitas Miskin

Proverty is the main problem for developing countries. Every year, poverty is seriously highlighted since it causes hindrance for countries to advance. Today, not only rural areas have the problem, but urban areas or big cities as well. Semarang is not excluded. Based on data released by BAPPEDA Semarang, in the year 2015 the number of the poor in Semarang is 114.939 families or 367.848 individuals. This urges Semarang city government to issue a proverty reduction policy. One of the programs of the policy is collecting data of the poor and tagging them by giving Kartu Identitas Miskin, an identity card only for the poor. Kartu Identitas Miskin or KIM to identify the poor is used as reference for all proverty reduction programs in Semarang. Poverty reduction program in Semarang should base its execution to the collected data. This expects the program to reduce poverty is right on the target. The focus of this research is the implementation of the poverty reduction policies in Semarang city through KIM. The program execution is started with identify and verify the data of the poor every two years. This has been held in 2009 and continuing. The next step is executing the program which is planned based on the data. Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) is the executant. Author conducts research on the implementation process of poverty reduction programs done by Department of Health and Department of Education in Semarang as samples. Author finds that SKPD doesn\u27t fully refer to KIM beneficiaries in implementing the programs. Jaminan Kesehatan Masyarakat Kota, a health insurance for Semarang citizen provided by the government, can only be accessed with Surat Keterangan Tidak Mampu (SKTM), a certificate for people at economic disadvantage, even for people whom already have KIM. Lack of socialization process to the citizen makes a lot of information biases about the procedure and how to use KIM. Besides, author also finds that the enumeration of the data is not entirely valid and accurate. The officers doing enumeration still use their own subjectivity in registering the beneficiaries. Semarang government needs to do more efforts to improve KIM program, started with giving more control in identification and verification process. The validity of the collected data will lead the implementation right on the target

Association of serum asymmetric dimethyl-arginine and troponin I levels as a risk of myocardial infarction in thalassemia

Background: The current study evaluated level of serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and its association to cardiac biomarkers in thalassemia patients for early diagnosis of abnormality in myocardial infarction. Subjects and methods: This study was conducted on 80 subjects divided into four groups each with 20 subjects. Group I: Control: healthy subjects. Group II: Myocardial infarction: Patients with elevated serum troponin T. Group III: thalassemia patients. Group IV: thalassemia with myocardial infarction patients: Included 20 thalassemia patients with Myocardial infarction. Serum samples were subjected for assay of creatine kinase (CK:MB), Lactate dehydrogenase, troponin I ,ADMA, Serum MDA level was determined. Results: Data obtained showed that serum CKMB, LDH1, AST, Troponin T and ADMA levels were significant elevated in MI with or without Thalassemia compared with control groups. Serum MDA was statistically significantly elevated in MI with or without Thalassemia compared with control groups. The serum level of troponin T showed an area under curve (AUC) of 0.92 ,(sensitivity 91.0 % and specificity, 88%). Also, the ADMA supported the diagnostic profile, showing an AUC of 0.85 with (sensitivity, 92.0%; specificity, 91,9%). Conclusion: Serum ADMA is sensitive marker for incidence of MI in thalassemia patients.Keywords: CKMB, LDH1, AST, Troponin T, asymmetric dimethylarginie, Thalassemia

β\beta-Variational autoencoders and transformers for reduced-order modelling of fluid flows

Variational autoencoder (VAE) architectures have the potential to develop reduced-order models (ROMs) for chaotic fluid flows. We propose a method for learning compact and near-orthogonal ROMs using a combination of a $\beta$-VAE and a transformer, tested on numerical data from a two-dimensional viscous flow in both periodic and chaotic regimes. The $\beta$-VAE is trained to learn a compact latent representation of the flow velocity, and the transformer is trained to predict the temporal dynamics in latent space. Using the $\beta$-VAE to learn disentangled representations in latent-space, we obtain a more interpretable flow model with features that resemble those observed in the proper orthogonal decomposition, but with a more efficient representation. Using Poincar\'e maps, the results show that our method can capture the underlying dynamics of the flow outperforming other prediction models. The proposed method has potential applications in other fields such as weather forecasting, structural dynamics or biomedical engineering

(2Z)-3-(4-Chloro­anilino)-1-(5-hy­droxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)but-2-en-1-one

With the exception of the terminal benzene rings, the atoms in the title compound, C20H18ClN3O2, are approximately coplanar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0495 Å). The benzene/chloro­benzene rings form dihedral angles of 3.02 (4) and 41.59 (5)°, respectively, with this plane. The hy­droxy, amino and carbonyl groups all lie to the same side of the mol­ecule, enabling the formation of intra­molecular O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds that close S(6) rings. The configuration about the 2-butene bond is Z. Supra­molecular chains mediated by C—H⋯Cl inter­actions and aligned along the c axis are found in the crystal packing. These assemble into layers that are connected by weak π–π inter­actions between centrosymmetrically related chloro­benzene rings [3.8156 (9) Å]

3-Methyl-1-{(E)-[1-(4-methylpyridin-2-yl)ethylidene]amino}thiourea: crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis

The title disubstituted thiourea derivative, C10H14N4S, features an almost planar imine (E configuration, C3N) core flanked by thiourea (CN2S) and methylpyridyl (C5N) residues (each plane has a r.m.s. deviation of the respective fitted atoms of 0.0066 A ° ). The dihedral angles between the core and the thiourea and pyridyl residues are 20.25 (8) and 7.60 (9)⁰, respectively, indicating twists in the molecule; the dihedral angle between the outer planes is 13.62 (7)⁰. There is an anti-disposition of the amine-N—H atoms which allows for the formation of an intramolecular amine-N—H...N(imine) hydrogen bond that closes an S(5) loop. In the crystal, amine-N—H...N(pyridyl) hydrogen bonds lead to zigzag (glide symmetry) supramolecular chains along the c-axis direction. These are connected into a supramolecular layer propagating in the bc plane by thioamide- N—H...S(thione) hydrogen bonds via eight-membered thioamide {...HNCS}2 synthons

Routh-Hurwitz Stability and Quasiperiodic Attractors in a Fractional-Order Model for Awareness Programs: Applications to COVID-19 Pandemic

This work explores Routh-Hurwitz stability and complex dynamics in models for awareness programs to mitigate the spread of epidemics. Here, the investigated models are the integer-order model for awareness programs and their corresponding fractional form. A non-negative solution is shown to exist inside the globally attracting set (GAS) of the fractional model. It is also shown that the diseasefree steady state is locally asymptotically stable (LAS) given that R0 is less than one, where R0 is the basic reproduction number. However, as R0>1, an endemic steady state is created whose stability analysis is studied according to the extended fractional Routh-Hurwitz scheme, as the order lies in the interval (0,2]. Furthermore, the proposed awareness program models are numerically simulated based on the predictor-corrector algorithm and some clinical data of the COVID-19 pandemic in KSA. Besides, the model's basic reproduction number in KSA is calculated using the selected data R0=1.977828168. In conclusion, the findings indicate the effectiveness of fractional-order calculus to simulate, predict, and control the spread of epidemiological diseases. © 2022 Taher S. Hassan et al