Agricultural producer perceptions of climate change and climate education needs for the Central Great Plains

Citation: Hibbs, Amber Campbell, Daniel Kahl, Lisa PytlikZillig, Ben Champion, Tarik Abdel-Monem, Timothy Steffensmeier, Charles W. Rice, and Kenneth Hubbard. “Agricultural Producer Perceptions of Climate Change and Climate Education Needs for the Central Great Plains.” Journal of Extension 52, no. 3 (June 2014). https://www.joe.org/joe/2014june/a2.php.The Central Great Plains Climate Education Partnership conducted focus groups throughout Kansas to gain a better understanding of farmer perceptions and attitudes towards climate change education. Results indicate concern about climatic changes, even if producers are unsure that "human caused climate change" is occurring. Participants indicated they would like access to information through Web-based programs that allow them to manipulate variables relevant to their area and situation. Participants prefer locally relevant information and identified Extension agents as trusted educators. The study provided an expanded understanding of agricultural producer perceptions that will be valuable to individuals or organizations providing climate education

Erratum to: 36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1208-6.]

Chemical reactivity of 3-hydrazino-5,6-diphenyl- 1,2,4-triazine towards π–acceptors activated carbonitriles

838-846Behaviour of 3-hydrazino-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine 1 as electron donor towards different electron acceptors activated carbonitriles has been investigated and a novel fused heterocyclic system and 2,3-disubstituted 1,2,4-triazines have been obtained. Compound 1 reacts with 1,2-dicyanobenzene as π–acceptor in DMF to form benzencarboximidamide 16, while reaction of 1 with ⍺-bromomalononitrile 17 in boiling DMF affords compound 18. On the other hand, compound 1 reacts with tetracyanoethane 23 in DMF to yield compound 24. The route of reaction in DMF indicates that charge–transfer complexation is the key intermediate to obtain new heterocyclic systems. Structures of the products are established by MS, IR, UV-Vis, CHN and ¹H NMR spectral data

The Redox Chemistry of 4-benzoyl-N-methylpyridinium Cations in Acetonitrile with and Without Proton Donors: The Role of Hydrogen Bonding

In anhydrous CH3CN, 4-benzoyl-N-methylpyridinium cations undergo two reversible, well-separated (ΔE1/2 0.6 V) one-electron reductions in analogy to quinones and viologens. If the solvent contains weak protic acids, such as water or alcohols, the first cyclic voltammetric wave remains unaffected while the second wave is shifted closer to the first. Both voltammetric and spectroelectrochemical evidence suggest that the positive shift of the second wave is due to hydrogen bonding between the two-electron reduced form of the ketone and the proton donors. While the one-electron reduction product is stable both in the presence and in the absence of the weak-acid proton donors, the two-electron reduction wave is reversible only in the time scale of cyclic voltammetry. Interestingly, at longer times, the hydrogen bonded adduct reacts further giving nonquaternized 4-benzoylpyridine and 4-(α-hydroxybenzyl)pyridine as the two main terminal products. In the presence of stronger acids, such as acetic acid, the second wave merges quickly with the first, producing an irreversible two-electron reduction wave. The only terminal product in this case is the quaternized 4-(α-hydroxybenzyl)-N-methylpyridinium cation. Experimental evidence points toward a common mechanism for the formation of the nonquaternized products in the presence of weaker acids and the quaternized product in the presence of CH3CO2H