MODEL PEMBELAJARAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGGAMBAR ILUSTRASI BERBASIS TRADISI PADA SISWA SMP DI KOTA BANDUNG

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh hasil penelitian sebelumnya dan berdasarkan diskusi dalam beberapa even ilmiah yang menyatakan bahwa hasil menggambar ilustrasi peserta didik SMP di Kota Bandung belum bernuansa tradisi setempat. Setelah dilakukan penelitian pendahuluan ditemukan salah satu faktor penyebabnya, yakni bahwa pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan guru waktu peneliti mengadakan penelitian belum dapat menghasilkan gambar ilustrasi yang berbasis tradisi. Hal ini disebabkan karena kemampuan peserta didik masih rendah dalam menggambar ilustrasi berbasis tradisi. Untuk itu peneliti mengembangkan model sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menggambar ilustrasi yang berbasis tradisi tersebut. Langkah-langkah pengembangan model pembelajaran menggambar ilustrasi yang peneliti kembangkan mengacu pada penelitian R & D menurut Borg & Gall (1979, hlm. 626) dalam Nana Syaodih (2011, hal. 23) yang intinya dapat diringkas menjadi tiga tahap, yakni: 1) studi pendahuluan, 2) uji coba terbatas dan lebih luas, yang ke- 3) validasi, sedangkan model yang dikembangkan adalah Model Sinektik Bruce Joice (2009: 258) didasari paham perenialisme, pendekatan permisif, teori belajar konstruktifisme, behaviorisme, Model PAIKEM, dan metode drill. Konsep berpikir implementasi model mengacu pada komponen intruksional Dick and Carey (2009, hlm. 6-8) dalam Nana Syaodih (2011, hal.22) ada sepuluh komponen, kemudian diadaptasi penulis menjadi 6 yakni; 1) Tujuan; memiliki kemampuan memahami, menghargai, dan melestarikan nilai-nilai tradisi positif daerah setempat. 2) Evaluasi; penilaian otentik dengan bentuk teman sejawat, dan oleh guru. 3) Strategi Pembelajaran; Pendekatan scientific dipadu permisif dengan prinsif pembelajaran konstruktivisme, behaviorisme, dan PAIKEM melalui metode pembelajaran variatif, dan drill sebagai metode utama. 4) Pengembangan Materi Pembelajaran; Materi teori dan praktek menggambar ilustrasi dengan tema tradisi daerah setempat. 5) Bentuk Instrumen Penilaian; Penilaian Otentik, dalam bentuk instrumen penilain sikap, pengetahuan, praktek, yang dinilai oleh guru, teman sejawat, dan penilaian diri. 6) Merevisi; tujuan, materi, metode, media, evaluasi. Revisi dilaksanakan setelah model diimplementasikan. Setelah melalui tahapan uji coba terbatas, lebih luas, dan validasi, terbukti bahwa MPMIBT yang peneliti kembangkan dapat meningkatkan proses dan hasil belajar dibanding pembelajaran konvensional.; This research is motivated by the results of previous studies and on the basis of discussions in the scientific event that states that the result of drawing illustrations junior students in Bandung yet nuanced local traditions. After a preliminary study found one contributing factor, namely that the study conducted teacher time researchers conduct studies have not been able to produce illustrations based on tradition. This is because the ability of learners is still low in drawing illustrations based on tradition. To the researchers developed the model as a solution to improve the ability to draw the illustrations are based on tradition. Step-by-step learning model development drawing illustrations that researchers have developed draws on research R & D according to Borg and Gall (1979, p. 626) in Nana Syaodih (2011, p. 23) which in essence can be summarized into three stages, namely: 1) preliminary studies, 2) limited trial and more widely, that the 3rd) validation, while the developed model is Model Sinektik Bruce Joice (2009: 258) constituted understand perenialisme, permissive approach, Constructivism learning theory, behaviorism, Model PAIKEM, and drill method. The concept of thinking refers to the component model implementation intruksional Dick and Carey (2009, pp. 6-8) in Syaodih Nana (2011, hal.22) there are ten components, then the analysis will be 6 namely; 1) Objectives; have the ability to understand, appreciate and preserve the traditional values of positive local area. 2) Evaluation; authentic assessment to form peers, and teachers. 3) Learning Strategies; Permissive scientific approach combined with learning prinsif constructivism, behaviorism, and PAIKEM through varied learning methods, and drill as the main method. 4) Development of Learning Materials; Matter theory and practice of drawing illustrations with the theme of the local tradition. 5) Form of Instrument Rating; Authentic assessment, in the form of instruments for assessing the attitudes, knowledge, practices, assessed by teachers, peers, and self-assessment. 6) Revise; objectives, materials, methods, media, evaluation. Revisions carried out after the model is implemented. After going through the stages of limited testing, wider, and validation, the researchers proved that MPMIBT developed can improve the process and learning outcomes than conventional learning

Global Wheat Head Detection (GWHD) dataset: a large and diverse dataset of high resolution RGB labelled images to develop and benchmark wheat head detection methods

Detection of wheat heads is an important task allowing to estimate pertinent traits including head population density and head characteristics such as sanitary state, size, maturity stage and the presence of awns. Several studies developed methods for wheat head detection from high-resolution RGB imagery. They are based on computer vision and machine learning and are generally calibrated and validated on limited datasets. However, variability in observational conditions, genotypic differences, development stages, head orientation represents a challenge in computer vision. Further, possible blurring due to motion or wind and overlap between heads for dense populations make this task even more complex. Through a joint international collaborative effort, we have built a large, diverse and well-labelled dataset, the Global Wheat Head detection (GWHD) dataset. It contains 4,700 high-resolution RGB images and 190,000 labelled wheat heads collected from several countries around the world at different growth stages with a wide range of genotypes. Guidelines for image acquisition, associating minimum metadata to respect FAIR principles and consistent head labelling methods are proposed when developing new head detection datasets. The GWHD is publicly available at http://www.global-wheat.com/ and aimed at developing and benchmarking methods for wheat head detection.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, Dataset pape

Energy performance contracting (EPC): a suitable mechanism for achieving energy savings in housing cooperatives? Results from a Norwegian pilot project

The barriers to energy savings in institutions and private homes are well known and include people’s lack of interest, awareness, knowledge and human and financial capacity. Experiences made in several countries show that EPC—energy performance contracting—may be used for overcoming many of these barriers. A typical EPC project is delivered by an energy service company (ESCO) and the contract is accompanied with a guarantee for energy savings. EPC is increasingly taken in use in the professional market (firms and the public sector), but is less common in the residential sector market. It has been suggested that there are several barriers for using EPC in the domestic sector such as the uncertainty involved in estimating forthcoming reductions in private consumption. In this paper, we present the results from a pilot project on the use of EPC in a housing cooperative in Oslo. The project was initiated and observed by the researchers. The research followed a transdisciplinary methodology in that it was conducted by both researcher and practitioner (co-authors) in close collaboration with members of the housing cooperative and the ESCOs, who also contributed to the interpretation of results. We document the process in terms of why the Board decided to join the EPC pilot, the call for offers from ESCOs who guaranteed that purchased annual energy would be reduced by one third, the responses to and negotiations of the offer from the ESCO who became contracted in the initial phase and up to the moment when the General Assembly finally decided to not invest in the proposed energy saving measures. We find that the residents not only had limited interest in energy savings but also lacked confidence in the EPC process. This contributed to the outcome. We discuss the findings in relation to the barriers to using EPC among housing cooperatives. We highlight the need for more knowledge about the client side for understanding how barriers may be overcome. Three specific recommendations for how EPC may successfully be employed among housing cooperatives are suggested as follows: (i) include refurbishment and not only energy savings in the EPC, (ii) identify the residents’ needs in an early phase and (iii) communicate the EPC principle to the residents throughout the process

Production of Gratings for High-Energy Petawatt-Class Lasers

At the time of this writing, we have manufactured and delivered more than 25 multilayer dielectric diffraction gratings from 470-800 mm in long aperture for pulse compression on Petawatt-class,1-micron laser systems being built at government and university facilities in the U.S and elsewhere. We present statistics of diffraction efficiency and its spatial uniformity, diffracted wavefront, and laser damage results on witness gratings. We also discuss yield, failure modes, and manufacturing improvements necessary to improve upon the current state of the art

Human chondrogenic paraxial mesoderm, directed specification and prospective isolation from pluripotent stem cells

Directed specification and prospective isolation of chondrogenic paraxial mesoderm progeny from human pluripotent stem (PS) cells have not yet been achieved. Here we report the successful generation of KDR−PDGFRα+ progeny expressing paraxial mesoderm genes and the mesendoderm reporter MIXL1-GFP in a chemically defined medium containing the canonical WNT signaling activator, BMP-inhibitor, and the Nodal/Activin/TGFβ signaling controller. Isolated (GFP+)KDR−PDGFRα+ mesoderm cells were sensitive to sequential addition of the three chondrogenic factors PDGF, TGFβ and BMP. Under these conditions, the cells showed robust chondrogenic activity in micromass culture, and generated a hyaline-like translucent cartilage particle in serum-free medium. In contrast, both STRO1+ mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from adult human marrow and mesenchymal cells spontaneously arising from hPS cells showed a relatively weaker chondrogenic response in vitro, and formed more of the fibrotic cartilage particles. Thus, hPS cell-derived KDR−PDGFRα+ paraxial mesoderm-like cells have potential in engineered cartilage formation and cartilage repair

Holographic optical traps for atom-based topological Kondo devices

The topological Kondo (TK) model has been proposed in solid-state quantum devices as a way to realize non-Fermi liquid behaviors in a controllable setting. Another motivation behind the TK model proposal is the demand to demonstrate the quantum dynamical properties of Majorana fermions, which are at the heart of their potential use in topological quantum computation. Here we consider a junction of crossed Tonks-Girardeau gases arranged in a star-geometry (forming a Y-junction), and we perform a theoretical analysis of this system showing that it provides a physical realization of the TK model in the realm of cold atom systems. Using computer-generated holography, we experimentally implement a Y-junction suitable for atom trapping, with controllable and independent parameters. The junction and the transverse size of the atom waveguides are of the order of 5 mu m, leading to favorable estimates for the Kondo temperature and for the coupling across the junction. Since our results show that all the required theoretical and experimental ingredients are available, this provides the demonstration of an ultracold atom device that may in principle exhibit the TK effect

Design and deployment of semiochemical traps for capturing 1 Anthonomus rubi Herbst (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Lygus rugulipennis Poppius (Hetereoptera: Miridae) in soft fruit crops

Strawberry blossom weevil (SBW), Anthonomus rubi Herbst (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and European tarnished plant bug (ETB), Lygus rugulipennis Poppius (Hetereoptera: Miridae), cause significant damage to strawberry and raspberry crops. Using the SBW aggregation pheromone and ETB sex pheromone we optimized and tested a single trap for both species. A series of field experiments in crops and semi-natural habitats in five European countries tested capture of the target pests and the ability to avoid captures of beneficial arthropods. A Unitrap containing a trapping agent of water and detergent and with a cross vane was more efficient at capturing both species compared to traps which incorporated glue as a trapping agent. Adding a green cross vane deterred attraction of non-pest species such as bees, but did not compromise catches of the target pests. The trap caught higher numbers of ETB and SBW if deployed at ground level and although a cross vane was not important for catches of ETB it was needed for significant captures of SBW. The potential for mass trapping SBW and ETB simultaneously in soft fruit crops is discussed including potential improvements to make this more effective and economic to deploy