Phytotherapics in tissue healing and its interface with professionals of health in Brazil / Fitoterápicos na cicatrização de tecidos e sua interface com profissionais de saúde no Brasil

The World Health Organization and many other national health conferences have stimulated the use of phytotherapeutics and medicinal plants in primary health care in Brazil. Phytotherapeutics and the use of medicinal plants are part of the folk medicine practice, which complements the treatment that is usually employed by lower income population. There is a growing interest in researches about improving the knowledge of plants’ medicinal properties used in tissue healing. This process occurs as a biological response after injury, where uncountable signaling pathways are stimulated to restore the homeostasis of the affected structure. It is observed that Brazil has been developing important researches to improve the knowledge of plants’ medicinal properties favoring a greater prescription by the health professionals and also a better use by the population. Phototherapeutics act in tissue repair in different ways, and the present review describes the use of these in healing in experimental researches and its interface with professionals of health. In this research, we checked scientific articles (Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement (CAPES), PubMed and Google Scholar) published between years 2000 and 2018. Companies, researchers, professionals of health and the general population have shown an interest in phytotherapeutics compounds as alternatives for the treatment of various conditions and the healing of injuries. This is due to the lower side effects, easy access and low cost of herbal medicines compared to allopathic medicines and the rich biodiversity from the Brazilian flora. However, it is necessary for the health professionals training and motivation, aiming at a correct and safe prescription and the use of herbal medicines in tissue healing, as well as the insertion of this practice into their professional qualification.

Treatment of Sorghum Hybrid 85 P15 (Pioneer®) Seeds and their Influence on Melanaphis sacchari/sorghi Infestation

Context: Sorghum is a hosting plant of Melanaphis sacchari/sorghi. The control measures against the insect include the treatment of seeds. However, evaluation of the effect of insecticides on insect populations and the agronomic variables of the crop, are needed. Aim: To evaluate the influence of insecticides clothianidin, thiamethoxan, and imidacloprid during the treatment of hybrid 85 P15 (Pioneer®) seeds on the agronomic variables of the crop and infestation with M. sacchari/sorghi. Methods: The experiment was conducted in the School of Higher Studies in Xalostoc, Mexico, in 2018. Four doses of Poncho®, Cruiser® 5 FS, and Tools® TS in the treatment of hybrid 85 P15 (Pioneer®) seeds. A randomized block experimental design was applied, and the percentage of germination, M. sacchari/sorghi infestation, and agronomic parameters of the crop, were determined. Results: All the parameters achieved more than 90% of germination, which demonstrated that the products and doses did not affect this parameter. Likewise, no differences were observed in the treatments. The use of these insecticides in hybrid seeds had a little influence on aphid infestation. These treatments do not affect the content of chlorophyll, but other parameters, like Brix degree, and the fresh leaf weight were affected. Conclusions: The seed treatment does not reduce the percentage of germination of 85 P15 (Pioneer®) hybrids, a strong control was not achieved over infestation of aphids, but it did affect some agronomic variables; hence, evaluation of other hybrids is recommended

Aterosclerose e lesões do endotélio vascular e as perspectivas clínicas na utilização das células progenitoras endoteliais no seu reparo / Atherosclerosis and vascular endothelium lesions and the clinical perspectives in the use of endothelial progenitor cells in their repair

O endotélio vascular desempenha um papel central na preservação funcional e estrutural da parede vascular. Além da permeabilidade vascular, a célula endotelial influencia o tônus vascular, hemóstase, proliferação celular, respostas imunológicas e inflamatórias e a expressão fenotípica das células musculares lisas da túnica média. Íntima e fisiopatologicamente relacionado com a hipertensão arterial, dislipoproteinemias e aterosclerose, o órgão endotelial é hoje enfrentado como origem e alvo de diferentes tratamentos que visam melhorar o prognóstico da doença aterosclerótica. Este trabalho objetivou estabelecer a aterosclerose, patologia que causa lesões no endotélio vascular e as perspectivas clínicas na utilização das células progenitoras endoteliais (CPEs) no seu reparo. Na pesquisa, foram verificados artigos científicos nas bases de dados Medline, Scielo, Lilacs, CAPES, PubMed, dentre outras publicados entre os anos de 1996 e 2020. Estratégias terapêuticas são promissoras com o uso das CPEs na diferenciação e regeneração do endotélio, sendo uma fonte promissora na revascularização de tecidos isquêmicos e muito embora a prevenção e o tratamento já estabelecidos permaneça crucial para a abordagem das cardiopatias, as perspectivas da terapia com CPEs são instigantes. 

Tratamiento a semillas del híbrido 85 P15 (Pioneer®) de sorgo y su influencia sobre la infestación de Melanaphis sacchari/sorghi

Context: Sorghum is a host of Melanaphis sacchari/sorghi. Control measures against this insect include seed treatment. However, evaluations of the effect of insecticides on insect populations and crop agronomic variables are needed. Objective: To evaluate the influence of seed treatment with the insecticides clothianidin, thiamethoxan and imidacloprid on the infestation of M. sacchari/sorghi and agronomic variables of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench hybrid 85 P15 (Pioneer®). Methods: The experiment was conducted at the School of Higher Studies of Xalostoc, Mexico, during 2018. Four doses of Poncho®, Cruiser® 5 FS and Tools® TS were used to treat seeds of hybrid 85 P15 (Pioneer®). A randomized experimental block design was used and the germination percentage, M. sacchari/sorghi infestation and crop agronomic parameters were determined. Results: All treatments had more than 90% germination, showing that the products and doses did not affect this parameter. There were no differences between treatments. The use of these insecticides in seeds of the hybrid 85 P15 has little influence on the infestation of the aphid. These treatments do not affect the chlorophyll content, but they do affect other parameters such as the Brix grade and the fresh weight of the leaves. Conclusions: Seed treatment does not decrease the germination percentage of the 85 P15 hybrid (Pioneer®), nor does it affect the aphid infestation, but it affects some agronomic variables, so it is recommended to evaluate other other sorghum hybrids.Contexto: El sorgo es un hospedante de Melanaphis sacchari/sorghi. Las medidas de control contra este insecto incluyen el tratamiento a semillas. Sin embargo, se necesitan evaluaciones sobre el efecto de los insecticidas en poblaciones del insecto y las variables agronómicas del cultivo. Objetivo: Evaluar la influencia de los insecticidas clothianidin, tiametoxan e imidacloprid en tratamiento a la semilla del híbrido 85 P15 (Pioneer®) sobre variables agronómicas del cultivo y la infestación de M. sacchari/sorghi. Métodos: El experimento se realizó en la Escuela de Estudios Superiores de Xalostoc, México, durante el 2018. Se utilizaron cuatro dosis de Poncho®, Cruiser® 5 FS y Tools® TS para tratar semillas del híbrido 85 P15 (Pioneer®). El diseño experimental fue bloques al azar y se determinó el porcentaje de germinación, la infestación de M. sacchari/sorghi y parámetros agronómicos del cultivo. Resultados: Todos los tratamientos tuvieron más del 90 % de germinación, lo que demuestra que los productos y dosis no afectaron este parámetro. Igualmente, no se apreciaron diferencias entre los tratamientos. El uso de estos insecticidas en semillas del híbrido influye poco sobre la infestación del pulgón. Estos tratamientos no afectan el contenido de clorofila, pero si otros parámetros como el grado Brix y el peso fresco de las hojas. Conclusiones: El tratamiento a las semillas no disminuye el porcentaje de germinación del híbrido 85 P15 (Pioneer®), no logró un control contundente sobre la infestación del pulgón, pero afecta algunas variables agronómicas por lo que se recomienda evaluar otros híbridos

The effect of improvisational music therapy on the treatment of depression: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Background. Music therapy is frequently offered to individuals suffering from depression. Despite the lack of research into the effects of music therapy on this population, anecdotal evidence suggests that the results are rather promising. The aim of this study is to examine whether improvisational, psychodynamically orientated music therapy in an individual setting helps reduce symptoms of depression and improve other health-related outcomes. In particular, attention will be given to mediator agents, such as musical expression and interaction in the sessions, as well as to the explanatory potential of EEG recordings in investigating emotion related music perception of individuals with depression. Methods. 85 adults (18–50 years of age) with depression (ICD-10: F 32 or F33) will be randomly assigned to an experimental or a control condition. All participants will receive standard care, but the experimental group will be offered biweekly sessions of improvisational music therapy over a period of 3 months. A blind assessor will measure outcomes before testing, after 3 months, and after 6 months. Discussion. This study aims to fill a gap in knowledge as to whether active (improvisational) music therapy applied to people with depression improves their condition. For the first time in this context, the mediating processes, such as changes in musical expression and interaction during the course of therapy, will be objectively investigated, and it is expected that the results will provide new insights into these processes. Furthermore, the findings are expected to reveal whether music related emotional experiences, as measured by EEG, can be utilized in assessing a depressive client's improvement in the therapy. The size and the comprehensiveness of the study are sufficient for generalizing its findings to clinical practice as well as to further music therapy research. Trial registration. ISRCTN84185937peerReviewe

Otimização multiobjetivo das dimensões dos ambientes de uma residência unifamiliar baseada em simulação energética e estrutural

Resumo O desenvolvimento da tecnologia computacional nas últimas décadas levou a otimização associada à parametrização a possibilitar o desenvolvimento de projetos de melhor desempenho, com ou sem integração com a simulação. O intuito deste trabalho foi aplicar a otimização baseada em simulação na forma de uma edificação residencial unifamiliar com o objetivo de encontrar a composição que apresentasse o melhor desempenho térmico com o menor custo dos materiais construtivos, considerando-se restrições estruturais. Foram utilizados os programas Rhinoceros e Energy Plus, além de plug-ins para modelagem paramétrica, o intercâmbio de informações entre os programas e a condução da otimização. Foram realizadas duas simulações, a primeira considerando os custos dos componentes construtivos e os graus-hora de aquecimento e resfriamento combinados e a segunda considerando os custos e graus-hora de aquecimento, que produziu resultados mais relevantes. Dois casos de cada solução de Pareto foram selecionados para análise, dentre 19,8 mil e 27,4 mil casos obtidos com uso de algoritmos evolucionários. Apesar das limitações de algumas das ferramentas, foi verificado um grande potencial de aplicação deste método no desenvolvimento de projetos arquitetônicos