Učinak hranidbe različitim količinama proteina na biokemijske i proizvodne pokazatelje nojeva (Struthio camelus).

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary protein levels on the biochemical and production parameters of ostriches. Eighteen adult, eight-year-old ostriches (Struthio camelus) (six male and twelve female) were studied. For the experiment the ostriches were randomly divided into two groups of 3 breeding pairs each (one male and two female) to be fed with 20% and 23% crude protein, respectively. The 20% crude protein group was fed layer feed (20% crude protein, 2900 kcal/kg ME) and alfalfa (ad libitum) and the 23% crude protein group with layer feed (23% crude protein, 2900 kcal/kg ME) and alfalfa (ad libitum) between May and September. It was determined that biochemical parameters of ostriches which were fed with diets that included 20% and 23% crude protein levels did not differ significantly, but a significant difference (P<0.01) was found in egg fertility ratio and hatchability of eggs between dietary protein levels. It was concluded that a high crude protein level in breeding ostriches had a negative effect on the number of eggs and hatchability of total eggs, and the results of the present study showed that the crude protein ratio was not required to exceed 20%.Istražen je učinak hranidbe temeljene na različitoj količini proteina na biokemijske i proizvodne pokazatelje nojeva. Istraživanje je provedeno na 18 odraslih nojeva (Struthio camelus) u dobi od osam godina i to šest mužjaka i 12 ženki. Životinje su bile podijeljene u dvije skupine s po tri uzgojna para (jedan mužjak i dvije ženke). Prva skupina je dobivala 20% sirovog proteina, 2900 kcal/kg ME i lucerku (ad libitum), a druga 23% sirovog proteina, 2900 kcal/kg ME i lucerku (ad libitum) u razdoblju od svibnja do rujna. Ustanovljeno je da se biokemijski pokazatelji nojeva obje skupine nisu značajno razlikovali. Značajne razlike (P< 0,01) bile su utvrđene u oplođenosti i leživosti jaja u odnosu na sadržaj proteina. Zaključeno je da davanje velikih količina sirovog proteina rasplodnim nojevima negativno utječe na ukupan broj i leživost jaja te da količina sirovog proteina ne bi smjela biti veća od 20%

Güney Marmara Şartlarında Konvasiyonel ve Organik Yetiştirilen Kıvırcık Kuzuların Et Kalite Özellikleri

Bu araştırma, Güney Marmara koşullarında konvansiyonel ve organik besi yapılan Kıvırcık ırkı kuzuların et kalite özelliklerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Konvansiyonel ve organik olarak yetiştirilen toplam 38 kuzudan kesim sonrası M. Longissimus thoracis (LT) kasları çıkartılarak, ette fiziksel, kimyasal özelikler tanımlanmış, kolesterol düzeyleri ve yağ asit komposizyonları belirlenmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, konvansiyonel ve organik kuzuların kas pH’ları arasında görülen farklılıklar istatistiki olarak önemlidir (P<0.05). Sızıntı su miktarı organik kuzu etlerinde konvansiyonel kuzu etlerinden düşük bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Organik etlerde sızıntı su miktarının düşük olması raf ömrü açısından önemli bir özellik kabul edilebilir. Beş günlük raf ömrü koşulları karşılaştırıldığında konvansiyonel etlerin parlak kırmızı, organik etlerin mat ve pembe bir renge sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Aletsel ölçüm değerlerine bakıldığında organik etlerin daha yumuşak olduğunu başka bir ifadeyle etin ısırılması sırasında daha az kuvvet uygulanarak kesildiği bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, organik üretimin erkek hayvan etlerinde kolesterol düzeyini düşürürken dişilerde arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir (P<0.05). En yüksek oleik asit ve linoleik asit organik erkek kuzu etlerinde saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak organik koşullarda yetiştirilen erkek kuzuların et kalite özellikleri organik koşullarda yetiştirilen dişi, konvansiyonel koşullarda yetiştirilen erkek ve dişi kuzu etlerinden üstündür

PENGARUH EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN PEMANFAATAN KEAHLIAN PEMAKAI KOMPUTER TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN (Studi Penelitian di Kospin Jasa)

STRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh efektivitas penerapan sistem informasi akuntansi, dan keahlian pemakai komputer terhadap kinerja karyawan pada Kospin Jasa Cabang Bandung. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dan verifikatif dengan menggunakan data primer. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah sample jenuh. Analisis statistik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi, korelasi, pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji F serta analisis koefisien regresi linier bergarda dan korelasi Banyaknya populasi penelitian adalah 30 orang, sampel penelitian yang digunakan adalah 30 orang dengan sumber data yang diperoleh melalui hasil pengisian kuesioner. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa secara simultan efektivitas penerapan sistem informasi akuntansi, dan keahlian pemakai komputer berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Dimana besarnya pengaruh efektivitas penerapan sistem informasi akuntansi sebesar 29,53%, dan keahlian pemakai komputer sebesar 14,44 % terhadap kinerja karyawan. Kata Kunci : Efektivitas Sistem Informasi Akuntansi, Keahlian Pemakai Komputer, Kinerja Karyawan

Detection of Optimum pH of Momordica balsamina Seeds Lectin

Background: Lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins of non-immune origin that reversibly and non-enzymatically bind carbohydrates with high specificity for the chemical structure of the glycan array without changing their structure.Objectives: The present study aimed to detect the optimum pH of Momordica balsamina seeds lectin (MbSL).Materials and Methods:A season fresh of Momordica balsamina fruit seeds were brought from urban areas of Sudan (Gadarif and north Kurdofan states), then the lectin was isolated from saline extract by affinity chromatography on alpha agarose lactose matrix then the purified lectin activity was evaluated in different buffers to detect the optimum pH.Results: The activity of the lectin remained stable in the pH range 2-12.Conclusion: A lactose-binding lectin from seeds of Momordica balsamina medicinal plant shares a high degree of similarity with other Cucurbitaceae family lectins in term of their physicochemical features including sugar specificity, effect of pH on lectin stability.Keywords: Momordica balsamina; lectin; seeds; plant lectin; pH; protein

Astronomical Site Selection for Turkey Using GIS Techniques

A site selection of potential observatory locations in Turkey have been carried out by using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) coupled with Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and satellite imagery which in turn reduced cost and time and increased the accuracy of the final outcome. The layers of cloud cover, digital elevation model, artificial lights, precipitable water vapor, aerosol optical thickness and wind speed were studied in the GIS system. In conclusion of MCDA, the most suitable regions were found to be located in a strip crossing from southwest to northeast including also a diverted region in southeast of Turkey. These regions are thus our prime candidate locations for future on-site testing. In addition to this major outcome, this study has also been applied to locations of major observatories sites. Since no goal is set for \textit{the best}, the results of this study is limited with a list of positions. Therefore, the list has to be further confirmed with on-site tests. A national funding has been awarded to produce a prototype of an on-site test unit (to measure both astronomical and meteorological parameters) which might be used in this list of locations.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures, accepted by Experimental Astronom

Proširenost virusa virusnog proljeva u tkivima spolnog sustava goveda.

In this study, the cellular localisation and distribution of BVD viral antigens in genital system tissues were investigated in 65 non-pregnant dairy cows and in 65 bulls. For this study genital system tissue samples, taken from slaughtered bulls with no pathological lesions and from females having reproductive problems, were marked using the immunoperoxidase method on their paraffin sections. BVD viral antigens were determined in 15 of the 65 non-pregnant dairy cows (consistent with cell culture results) using the indirect immunoperoxidase method. BVD viral antigens were present in macrophage-like cells in the stroma of the ovaries and uterus. No BVD viral antigens were observed in the samples of testicles, epididymis, vesicula seminalis, or prostate in the male animals. In all animals, including BVDV-positive ones, no pathologic lesions were observed, except periodically non-specific subepithelial or stromal mononuclear cell infiltrations. Most of these cells were seen to be formed by lymphocytes and macrophages.Istražena je lokalizacija i proširenost antigena virusa virusnog proljeva goveda u tkivima spolnog sustava 65 negravidnih mliječnih krava i 65 bikova. U tu svrhu rabljen je imunoperoksidazni test na histološkim rezovima tkiva. Tom metodom pretraženi su uzorci tkiva spolnih organa uzeti od zdravih zaklanih bikova te krava s reprodukcijskim poremećajima. Virusni antigeni dokazani su u 15 od 65 krava (sukladno s uzgojem virusa na staničnoj kulturi). Antigeni su bili prisutni u makrofagima sličnim stanicama unutar strome jajnika i maternice. Virusni antigeni nisu dokazani u uzorcima tkiva testisa, epididimisa, sjemene vrećice i prostate bikova. U pretraženih životinja, uključujući i one pozitivne na virus, nisu zabilježene patološke promjene, osim povremenih nespecifičnih subepitelijalnih ili stromalnih mononuklearnih infiltracija limfocitima i makrofagima

Reporting guidelines for clinical trials of artificial intelligence interventions: the SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI guidelines

BACKGROUND: The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is an area of immense interest. The high profile of 'AI in health' means that there are unusually strong drivers to accelerate the introduction and implementation of innovative AI interventions, which may not be supported by the available evidence, and for which the usual systems of appraisal may not yet be sufficient. MAIN TEXT: We are beginning to see the emergence of randomised clinical trials evaluating AI interventions in real-world settings. It is imperative that these studies are conducted and reported to the highest standards to enable effective evaluation because they will potentially be a key part of the evidence that is used when deciding whether an AI intervention is sufficiently safe and effective to be approved and commissioned. Minimum reporting guidelines for clinical trial protocols and reports have been instrumental in improving the quality of clinical trials and promoting completeness and transparency of reporting for the evaluation of new health interventions. The current guidelines-SPIRIT and CONSORT-are suited to traditional health interventions but research has revealed that they do not adequately address potential sources of bias specific to AI systems. Examples of elements that require specific reporting include algorithm version and the procedure for acquiring input data. In response, the SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI guidelines were developed by a multidisciplinary group of international experts using a consensus building methodological process. The extensions include a number of new items that should be reported in addition to the core items. Each item, where possible, was informed by challenges identified in existing studies of AI systems in health settings. CONCLUSION: The SPIRIT-AI and CONSORT-AI guidelines provide the first international standards for clinical trials of AI systems. The guidelines are designed to ensure complete and transparent reporting of clinical trial protocols and reports involving AI interventions and have the potential to improve the quality of these clinical trials through improvements in their design and delivery. Their use will help to efficiently identify the safest and most effective AI interventions and commission them with confidence for the benefit of patients and the public

Influence of combined heat treatment and densification on mechanical properties of poplar wood

In this study, influence of combined heat treatment and densification on mechanical properties of poplar wood (Populus usbekistanica) such as density, EMC, compression strength, modulus of elasticy, modulus of rupture and static bending strength were investigated. Poplar samples were subjected to a temperature of 120oC, 160oC and 200oC for 1 and 3h. After the heat treatment, the heat treated samples were compressed in a hot press at a temperature of 120oC, press pressure of 50 bar and press time of 30 minutes for densification. The results showed that the heat treatment affected the densification with increasing density. Additionally, the heat treatment decreased modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and impact bending strength (IBS) with increasing temperature for undensified poplar wood. In conclusion, densification process has improved all the mechanical tested properties

Güney Marmara Şartlarında Organik Koyun Yetiştiriciliği ve Kuzu Besisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Bu araştırma, Marmara Hayvancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü’nde organik ve konvansiyonel sistemlerde yetiştirilen Kıvırcık koyunların döl verimi; kuzuların büyüme özellikleri ve besi performansları ile bazı kesim, karkas ve et özelliklerini karşılaştırmak amacıyla düzenlenmiştir. Organik yetiştiricilik Kıvırcık koyunların döl verimini ve kuzuların büyüme özelliklerini olumlu yönde etkilemiş; organik koyunlar konvansiyonellere göre daha yüksek doğum oranına sahip olmuşlardır. Konvansiyonel beside kuzular, konvansiyonel arpaya dayalı karma yemle ad-libitum düzeyde beslenmiş, ayrıca kuzu başına günde 100 g yonca kuru otu verilmiştir. Organik besi grupları merada otlatılmış, barınak içerisinde organik arpaya dayalı karma yemle beslenmişlerdir. Meranın yetersiz olduğu dönemde ise organik arpa hasılı verilmiştir. Denemede ortalama canlı ağırlığı 35 kg’a ulaşan gruplardaki tüm kuzular kesime gönderilmiştir. Organik kuzular, konvansiyonellere göre hedeflenen besi sonu canlı ağırlığa daha kısa sürede ulaşmışlardır. Organik kuzularda besi süresince günlük ortalama canlı ağırlık artışı konvansiyonellere göre daha yüksek olmuştur (P<0.05). Besleme sistemi sırt yağı kalınlığı üzerine etkili olmuş; organik kuzularda sırt yağı kalınlığı konvansiyonelden daha düşük bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Öte yandan, organik üretim özellikle erkek hayvan etlerindeki kolesterol düzeyini düşürmüştür

Diacritics improve comprehension of the Arabic script by providing access to the meanings of heterophonic homographs

The diacritical markers that represent most of the vowels in the Arabic orthography are generally omitted from written texts. Previous research revealed that the absence of diacritics reduces reading comprehension performance even by skilled readers of Arabic. One possible explanation is that many Arabic words become ambiguous when diacritics are missing. Words of this kind are known as heterophonic homographs and are associated with at least two different pronunciations and meanings when written without diacritics. The aim of the two experiments reported in this study was to investigate whether the presence of diacritics improves the comprehension of all written words, or whether the effects are confined to heterophonic homographs. In Experiment 1, adult readers of Arabic were asked to decide whether written words had a living meaning. The materials included heterophonic homographs that had one living and one non-living meaning. Results showed that diacritics significantly increased the accuracy of semantic decisions about ambiguous words but had no effect on the accuracy of decisions about unambiguous words. Consistent results were observed in Experiment 2 where the materials comprised sentences rather than single words. Overall, the findings suggest that diacritics improve the comprehension of heterophonic homographs by facilitating access to semantic representations that would otherwise be difficult to access from print