Anxiety, stress and coping strategies in ukrainian medical students after the year of the russian-ukrainian war

In order to study the influence of coping mechanisms on the level of anxiety and stress in students of higher medicaleducation under martial law, 314 students of the Dnipro State Medical University were interviewed. The median level of anxietywas found to be 7 (4;11) points, with a noticeable difference between men and women. The median level of stress severity was 5(4;7) points, with a significant difference between men and women. Adaptive cognitive strategies were the most prevalent (45.5 %)in the sample, while adaptive, relatively adaptive, and non-adaptive strategies were found in comparable frequency (27.1 % and27.4 %, respectively). It has been determined that implementing adaptive emotional strategies decreases the likelihood ofexperiencing significant levels of anxiety while employing maladaptive emotional strategies increases the risk by 2.79 times. Theutilization of other coping mechanisms does not appear to have a significant impact on the chances of developing severe anxiety

Les facteurs de la formation de la conduite destructive des infectés par le VIH

On sait que le VIH est une maladie infectieuse, qui provoque médiatement le développement des maladies mentales, en conséquence de la réaction à la maladie, des nécessités de se tenir au traitement de longue durée, du développement des défaites organiques de l'encéphale. Ces dernières armées l'intérêt pour le style particulier de la conduite des infectés de l’VIH, qui est le sérieux problème médico-social (il complique le traitement, contribue à la diffusion du VIH), a augmenté

Nuclide control of structural materials tested in electron irradiation test facility

Samples of different alloys (Hastelloy type) held in the container assembly (CA) were irradiated at the Electron Irradiation Test Facility (EITF) in the melt of zirconium and sodium fluorides at the temperature 650оС. The CA consisted of 16 individual containers made of a carbon-carbon (C-C) composite material (placed under covering shell made of stainless steel). The irradiation was done with electron beam at the energy in the spectrum maximum = 9.6 MeV at Linac-10 high-current accelerator that belongs to “Accelerator R&D Complex” affiliated with NSC KIPT. In order to secure the radiation-safe levels of the activity in further work with the samples, the focus of attention was paid to the analysis of γ-spectra in the remnant activities of the materials under study: Hastelloy type samples and fluoride salts after the irradiation. The dynamics was studied of decreasing of the activity levels of EITF components, sample assemblies in the containers being full with fluoride salts and individual samples. Recommendations are issued and measures taken to provide for further radiation-safe work with the irradiated materials.На стенді для радіаційних випробувань проведено опромінення електронами збірки зразків різних сплавів (типу хастелой) в розплаві фторидів цирконію та натрию при температурі 650'С. Збірку складено з 16 окремих контейнерів з вуглець-вуглецевого композиту (в загальній захистній оболонці з нержавіючої сталі). Опромінення проведено пучком електронів з енергією в максимумі спектра близько 9,6 МеВ на сильносрумовому лінійному прискорювачі електронів ЛП-10 НДК «Прискорювач» ННЦ ХФТІ. Для вибору безпечних рівней активності при подальших роботах з зразками особиву увагу приділено аналізу γ-спектрів залишкової активності досліджуваних материалів – зразків сплаву типу хастелой та фторидних солей після опромінення. Досліджено динаміку спаду рівней активності елементів стенду, збірки зразків в контейнерах, які заповнені фторидними солями, та окремих зразків. Дано рекомендації та вжито заходи, що гарантують безпеку при подальших дослідженнях опромінених матеріалів.На стенде для радиационных испытаний проведено облучение сборки образцов различных сплавов (типа хастеллой) в расплаве фторидов циркония и натрия при температуре 650'С, помещенных в 16 отдельных контейнеров из углерод- углеродного композита (в общем защитном кожухе из нержавеющей стали). Облучение проведено пучком электронов с энергией в максимуме спектра = 9,6 МэВ на сильноточном линейном ускорителе электронов ЛУ-10 НИК "Ускоритель" ННЦ ХФТИ. С целью обеспечения безопасных уровней активности при дальнейшей работе с образцами особое внимание уделено анализу характеристик остаточной активности исследуемых материалов – образцов сплава типа хастеллой и фторидных солей после облучения. Измерены уровни активности элементов стенда, сборки образцов в контейнерах, заполненных фторидными солями, и отдельных образцов. Даны рекомендации и приняты меры, обеспечивающие безопасность работы с облученными материалами

Hydrogen reduction of silicon tetrachloride in low temperature non-equilibrium plasma of induction RF discharge

In this work, silicon is obtained by plasma-chemical reduction of silicon tetrachloride in an argon-hydrogen low- temperature nonequilibrium plasma. It is shown that in the investigated range of process parameters, the energy cost of producing one kilogram of silicon is in the range of 150…190 kW/h with a silicon yield of ~ 85 %. This cost reduction in the plasma-chemical process is associated with the transfer of electricity directly into the gas-vapor mixture. In addition, carrying out the recovery process under nonequilibrium conditions leads to the formation of atomic hydrogen in the discharge.Отримано кремній шляхом плазмохімічного відновлення тетрахлориду кремнію в аргон-водневій низькотемпературній нерівноважній плазмі. Показано, що в дослідженому диапазоні параметрів процесу енергетичні витрати на отримання одного кілограма кремнію знаходиться в межах 150…190 кВт/ч при виході кремнію ~ 85 %. Таке зниження витрат у плазмохімічному процесі пов'язане з введенням електроенергії безпосередньо в парогазову суміш. Крім того, проведення процесу відновлення в нерівноважних умовах призводить до утворення в розряді атомарного водню.Получен кремний путем плазмохимического восстановления тетрахлорида кремния в аргон-водородной низкотемпературной неравновесной плазме. Показано, что в исследуемом диапазоне параметров процесса энергетические затраты на получение одного килограмма кремния находятся в пределах 150…190 кВт/ч при выходе кремния ~ 85 %. Такое снижение затрат в плазмохимическом процессе связано с введением электроэнергии непосредственно в парогазовую смесь. Кроме того, проведение процесса восстановления в неравновесных условиях приводит к образованию в разряде атомарного водорода

Dark energy as a mirage

Motivated by the observed cosmic matter distribution, we present the following conjecture: due to the formation of voids and opaque structures, the average matter density on the path of the light from the well-observed objects changes from Omega_M ~ 1 in the homogeneous early universe to Omega_M ~ 0 in the clumpy late universe, so that the average expansion rate increases along our line of sight from EdS expansion Ht ~ 2/3 at high redshifts to free expansion Ht ~ 1 at low redshifts. To calculate the modified observable distance-redshift relations, we introduce a generalized Dyer-Roeder method that allows for two crucial physical properties of the universe: inhomogeneities in the expansion rate and the growth of the nonlinear structures. By treating the transition redshift to the void-dominated era as a free parameter, we find a phenomenological fit to the observations from the CMB anisotropy, the position of the baryon oscillation peak, the magnitude-redshift relations of type Ia supernovae, the local Hubble flow and the nucleosynthesis, resulting in a concordant model of the universe with 90% dark matter, 10% baryons, no dark energy, 15 Gyr as the age of the universe and a natural value for the transition redshift z_0=0.35. Unlike a large local void, the model respects the cosmological principle, further offering an explanation for the late onset of the perceived acceleration as a consequence of the forming nonlinear structures. Additional tests, such as quantitative predictions for angular deviations due to an anisotropic void distribution and a theoretical derivation of the model, can vindicate or falsify the interpretation that light propagation in voids is responsible for the perceived acceleration.Comment: 33 pages, 2 figs; v2: minor clarifications, results unchanged; v3: matches the version published in General Relativity and Gravitatio

Letter of interest for a neutrino beam from Protvino to KM3NeT/ORCA

The Protvino accelerator facility located in the Moscow region, Russia, is in a good position to offer a rich experimental research program in the field of neutrino physics. Of particular interest is the possibility to direct a neutrino beam from Protvino towards the KM3NeT/ORCA detector, which is currently under construction in the Mediterranean Sea 40 km offshore Toulon, France. This proposal is known as P2O. Thanks to its baseline of 2595 km, this experiment would yield an unparalleled sensitivity to matter effects in the Earth, allowing for the determination of the neutrino mass ordering with a high level of certainty after only a few years of running at a modest beam intensity of ≈ 90 kW. With a prolonged exposure (≈1500 kWyear), a 2σ sensitivity to the leptonic CP-violating Dirac phase can be achieved. A second stage of the experiment, comprising a further intensity upgrade of the accelerator complex and a densified version of the ORCA detector (Super-ORCA), would allow for up to a 6σ sensitivity to CP violation and a 10º−17º resolution on the CP phase after 10 years of running with a 450 kW beam, competitive with other planned experiments. The initial composition and energy spectrum of the neutrino beam would need to be monitored by a near detector, to be constructed several hundred meters downstream from the proton beam target. The same neutrino beam and near detector set-up would also allow for neutrino-nucleus cross section measurements to be performed. A short-baseline sterile neutrino search experiment would also be possible

Anti-cytokine (anti-TNF-alpha) therapy in ophthalmology (review of literature)

ABSTRACT Analysis of the literature on anti-cytokine therapy demonstrates the effectiveness of this therapy, compared with conventional glucocorticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. Drugs with anti-cytokine mechanism of action can be used in Ophthalmology, as inhibitors of angiogenesis in neovascularization and anti-inflammatory therapy in uveitis. Route of administration of TNF inhibitors are intravenous and subcutaneous. They can be used as monotherapy or with the glucocorticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy. From the literature it is obvious, that the effect of the use of this group of drugs are dose-dependent and they can be positive (anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory) and negative — toxic. In a comparative aspects, studies show, that Infliximab has more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, but at the same time, use of Infliximab is more often with side effects and complications. According to different authors, doses that cause side effects, are not comparable. It seems that, localization of inflammatory process plays a role in the vascular tract of the eye (front, rear), etiologic factor, causing the inflammation and, of course, the intensity of cytokine responses. Therefore, the question, the efficacy and tolerability of anti-cytokine drugs are dose-dependent, and whether, there are other factors that influence on the success of treatment -remains open. To answer these questions is required a detailed study, investigating the influence of this group of drugs on the eye tissues, pathological angiogenesis processes depending on the drug, the dose and the conditions of its application, and testing of optimal dosage of drugs to avoid side effects