Dusty Universe viewed by AKARI far infrared detector

We present the results of the analysis of multiwavelength Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) of far-infrared galaxies detected in the AKARI Deep Field-South (ADF--S) Survey. The analysis uses a carefully selected sample of 186 sources detected at the 90 $\mu$m AKARI band, identified as galaxies with cross-identification in public catalogues. For sources without known spectroscopic redshifts, we estimate photometric redshifts after a test of two independent methods: one based on using mainly the optical -- mid infrared range, and one based on the whole range of ultraviolet -- far infrared data. We observe a vast improvement in the estimation of photometric redshifts when far infrared data are included, compared with an approach based mainly on the optical -- mid infrared range. We discuss the physical properties of our far-infrared-selected sample. We conclude that this sample consists mostly of rich in dust and young stars nearby galaxies, and, furthermore, that almost 25% of these sources are (Ultra)Luminous Infrared Galaxies. Average SEDs normalized at 90 $\mu$m for normal galaxies (138 sources), LIRGs (30 sources), and ULIRGs (18 galaxies) a the significant shift in the peak wavelength of the dust emission, and an increasing ratio between their bolometric and dust luminosities which varies from 0.39 to 0.73.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, published in Earth, Planets and Spac

Розробка спектрофотометричної методики кількісного визначення суми фенольних сполук у перерахунку на 6-гінгерол у таблетках на основі сухого екстракту імбиру лікарського

Zingiber officinale has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including hypoglycemic and antioxidant ones. Most literature sources associate the pharmacological activity and mechanism of action of ginger with the content of phenolic compounds, and in particular gingerol.Aim. To develop the spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of the total amount of phenolic compounds calculated with reference to 6-gingerol in tablets based on a dry ginger extract.Materials and methods. The study object were tablets with an average weight of 0.5 g containing 0.3 g of a dry ginger extract (manufacturer – “Medagroprom”, Dnipro) obtained by the direct compression method. The spectrophotometric method was used to determine phenolic compounds calculated with reference to 6-gingerol.Results and discussion. The spectral characteristics of a standard sample of 6-gingerol, a predominant substance among biologically active phenolic compounds of ginger, have been studied. It has been shown that its absorption spectrum in the range from 220 to 400 nm contains one absorption band with a maximum at 281 nm, which can be used as an analytical absorption band for the quantitative determination by absorption spectrophotometry. It has been proven that excipients do not interfere with the quantitative determination of the total amount of phenolic compounds in the composition of tablets with a dry extract of ginger since they do not absorb electromagnetic radiation in the region of the analytical maximum. It has been found that the content of the total amount of phenolic compounds calculated with reference to 6-gingerol in the experimental batch of tablets is 0.03556 ± 0.0088 g/tab. The relative uncertainty of the mean determination was 1.007 %.Conclusions. The spectrophotometric method for the quantitative determination of the total amount of phenolic compounds calculated with reference to 6-gingerol in tablets based on a dry ginger extract with the subsequent calculation by the standard method has been developed. It can be used to develop quality control procedures for the tablets under research.Имбирь лекарственный имеет широкий спектр фармакологических свойств, среди которых гипогликемические и антиоксидантные. Большинство литературных источников связывает фармакологическую активность и механизм действия имбиря с содержанием в нем фенольных соединений и в частности гингерола.Целью данной работы является разработка спектрофотометрической методики количественного определения суммы фенольных соединений в пересчете на 6-гингерол в таблетках на основе сухого экстракта имбирялекарственного.Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования были таблетки, полученные методом прямого прессования со средней массой 0,5 г, содержащие 0,3 г сухого экстракта имбиря лекарственного (производитель «Медагропром», г. Днепро). Для определения фенольных соединений в пересчете на 6-гингерол использовали спектрофотометрическую методику.Результаты и их обсуждение. Изучены спектральные характеристики стандартного образца 6-гингерола, который является преобладающим веществом среди биологически активных фенольных соединений имбирялекарственного. Показано, что в его абсорбционном спектре в области от 220 до 400 нм содержится одна полоса поглощения с максимумом при 281 нм, которая может быть использована как аналитическая полосапоглощения для количественного определения методом абсорбционной спектрофотометрии. Доказано, что вспомогательные вещества не мешают количественному определению суммы фенольных соединений в составе таблеток с сухим экстрактом имбиря, поскольку не поглощают электромагнитные излучения в области аналитического максимума. Установлено, что содержание суммы фенольных соединений в пересчете на 6-гингерол в экспериментальной серии таблеток составляет 0,03556 ± 0,0088 г/т. Относительная неопределенность среднего определения составила 1,007 %.Выводы. Разработана спектрофотометрическая методика количественного определения суммы фенольных соединений в пересчете на 6-гингерол в таблетках на основе сухого экстракта имбиря лекарственного с последующим расчетом по методу стандарта, которая может быть использована при разработке методик контроля качества исследуемых таблеток.Імбир лікарський має широкий спектр фармакологічних властивостей, серед яких гіпоглікемічні та антиоксидантні. Більшість літературних джерел пов’язує фармакологічну активність та механізм дії імбиру з вмістом у ньому фенольних сполук, зокрема гінгеролу.Метою даної роботи є розробка спектрофотометричної методики кількісного визначення суми фенольних сполук у перерахунку на 6-гінгерол у таблетках на основі сухого екстракту імбиру лікарського.Матеріали та методи. Об’єктом дослідження були таблетки, отримані методом прямого пресування з середньою масою 0,5 г, що містять 0,3 г сухого екстракту імбиру лікарського (виробник «Медагропром», м. Дніпро). Для визначення фенольних сполук у перерахунку на 6-гінгерол використовували спектрофотометричну методику.Результати та їх обговорення. Вивчені спектральні характеристики стандартного зразка 6-гінгеролу, який є переважаючою речовиною серед біологічно активних фенольних сполук імбиру лікарського. Показано, що у його абсорбційному спектрі в області від 220 до 400 нм міститься одна смуга поглинання з максимумом при 281 нм, яка може бути використана як аналітична смуга вбирання для кількісного визначення методом абсорбційної спектрофотометрії. Доведено, що допоміжні речовини не заважають кількісному визначенню суми фенольних сполук у складі таблеток з сухим екстрактом імбиру, оскільки не поглинають електромагнітного випромінювання в області аналітичного максимуму. Встановлено, що вміст суми фенольних сполук у перерахунку на 6-гінгерол в експериментальній серії таблеток складає 0,03556 ± 0,0088 г/т. Відносна невизначеність середнього визначення склала 1,007 %.Висновки. Розроблено спектрофотометричну методику кількісного визначення суми фенольних сполук у перерахунку на 6-гінгерол у таблетках на основі сухого екстракту імбиру лікарського з наступним розрахунком за методом стандарту, яка може бути використана при розробці методик контролю якості досліджуваних таблеток

Organizational stressors and job stress among Malaysian managers: the moderating role of personality traits

Job stress is vastly present in today’s organizations, and the costs of these phenomena cut across all levels of society. In recent years, researchers considering job stress in the workplace have made great strides in understanding several aspects of the stress phenomenon in the field of organizational behavior. Thus, it becomes more important that the individual variables of these job stresses are well explored and directly linked to individuals experiencing this situation, in order to ensure the right stressors are well understood and other moderating functions are studied, like the personality variables. This research presents an integration of past research and theory that models the relationship of organizational stressors like conflict, work overload, unfavorable work condition, and the moderating role of personality traits among managers. The scope of this study is limited to managerial positions in electronics firms in Malaysia. A set of demographic factors like gender, marital status and educational background, are also studied as influencing factors to job stress. The final framework in this study includes the organizational stressors as the independent variable and job stress as the dependent variable, with the personality traits moderating that relationship. A proportional sampling plan will be done to cover the surveys to be covering all major locations of electronics firms in Malaysia. Theoretical and managerial implications of the study will be discussed in details. The implication of the study would be extremely beneficial for electronics organizations in not only identifying the organizational sources of job stress, but also to understand the personality behaviors of their management staffs and how that related to job stress. Organizational stressors play a big role in the study, in which understanding its influence to job stress and how to manage and cope would enable the leadership team in the electronics organizations to be able to handle job stress more efficiently

Job Stress among Malaysian Managers: The Moderating Role of Coping Methods

Job stress is vastly present in today’s organizations, and the costs of these phenomena cut across all levels of society. In recent years, researchers considering job stress in the workplace have made great strides in understanding several aspects of the stress phenomenon in the field of organizational behavior. Thus, it becomes more important that the coping methods of these job stresses are well explored and directly linked to individuals experiencing this situation, in order to ensure the right methods can be used for the best benefits in coping with job stresses. This research presents an integration of past research and theory that models the relationship of antecedents of job stress and coping methods among managers. The scope of this case study is limited to managerial positions in electronics firms in Malaysia. A set of demographic factors like gender, marital status and educational background, are also studied as influencing factors to job stress. The final framework in this study includes the coping variables, in which will determine the best and most suitable coping methods for managers under job stress. A proportional sampling plan will be done to cover the surveys to be covering all major locations of electronics firms in Malaysia. Theoretical and managerial implications of the study will be discussed in details. The implication of the study would be extremely beneficial for electronics organizations in not only identifying the organizational sources of job stress, but also to understand the personality behaviors of their management staffs. More importantly, this study will recommend the best coping methods for managers that would enable the leadership team in the electronics organizations to be able to handle job stress more efficiently

Обґрунтування допоміжних речовин у складі таблеток з сухим екстрактом імбиру лікарського

Topicality. Due to its rich chemical composition and pharmacological activity, Zingiber officinale is a promising raw material for creating various drugs, including ones for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.Aim. To obtain tablets with dry ginger extract by direct pressing using polyfactorial dispersion analysis (taking into account the quality factors).Materials and methods. The objects of the study were dry ginger extract, filler – Galen IQ 721 and excipients of three technological groups: dry binders, moisture regulators and lubricants. The effect of auxiliary substances on such indicators as bulk density, tapped density and the Carr index of the tablet mass, as well as disintegration, mechanical strength and friability of the obtained tablets have been investigated.Results and discussion. Using the mathematical planning of the experiment by the 3 × 3 Latin square method, the influence of qualitative factors on the pharmacological indicators of tablets with a dry extract of ginger has been studied.Conclusions. According to the results of analysis of variance, the optimal excipients in the composition of tablets with ginger extract were chosen: from the group of binders – Kollidone k30, as a moisture regulator – Neusilin UFL 2 and lubricant – calcium stearate.Актуальность. Имбирь лекарственный благодаря богатому химическому составу и фармакологическойактивности является перспективным сырьем для создания разнообразных препаратов, в том числе и для лечения сахарного диабета 2 типа.Цель работы – выбор вспомогательных веществ (качественных факторов) для получения таблеток с сухим экстрактом имбиря лекарственного методом прямого прессования с использованием многофакторного дисперсионного анализа.Материалы и методы. Объектами исследования были сухой экстракт имбиря лекарственного, наполнитель – Galen IQ 721 и вспомогательные вещества трех технологических групп: сухие связующие вещества,влагорегуляторы и лубриканты. Исследовали влияние вспомогательных веществ на такие показатели, как насыпная плотность, плотность после усадки и индекс Карра таблеточной массы, а также распадаемость, устойчивость к раздавливанию и истираемость полученных таблеток.Результаты и их обсуждение. С помощью математического планирования эксперимента методом латинского квадрата 3 × 3 было изучено влияние качественных факторов на фармакотехнологические показатели таблеток с сухим экстрактом имбиря лекарственного.Выводы. По результатам дисперсионного анализа были выбраны оптимальные вспомогательные вещества в составе таблеток с экстрактом имбиря: из группы связующих веществ – Kollidone k30, в качестве влагорегулятора – Neusilin UFL 2 и лубрикант – кальция стеарат.Актуальність. Імбир лікарський завдяки багатому хімічному складу і фармакологічній активності є перспективною сировиною для створення різноманітних препаратів, у тому числі і для лікування цукрового діабету 2 типу.Мета роботи – вибір допоміжних речовин (якісних факторів) для отримання таблеток з сухим екстрактом імбиру лікарського методом прямого пресування з використанням багатофакторного дисперсійного аналізу.Матеріали та методи. Об’єктами дослідження були сухий екстракт імбиру лікарського, наповнювач – GalenIQ 721 і допоміжні речовини трьох технологічних груп: сухі зв’язуючі речовини, вологорегулятори і лубриканти.Досліджували вплив допоміжних речовин на такі показники, як насипну густину, густину після усадки та індекс Карра таблеткової маси, а також розпадання, стійкість до роздавлювання і стираність отриманих таблеток.Результати та їх обговорення. За допомогою математичного планування експерименту методом латинського квадрата 3 × 3 було вивчено вплив якісних факторів на фармакотехнологічні показники таблеток з сухим екстрактом імбиру лікарського.Висновки. За результатами дисперсійного аналізу були обрані оптимальні допоміжні речовини у складітаблеток з екстрактом імбиру: із групи зв’язуючих речовин – Kollidone k30, вологорегулятор – Neusilin UFL 2 і лубрикант – кальцію стеарат

Proximity effect in ferromagnet/superconductor hybrids: from diffusive to ballistic motion

We present an analytical study of the proximity effect in ferromagnet/superconductor (F/S) heterostructures, allowing for an arbitrary magnetic exchange energy as well as arbitrary impurity and spin-flip scattering rates within a quasiclassical approach. While previous studies mainly have focused on the clean or dirty limits, our results grant access to the regime of intermediate impurity concentrations, thus allowing us to probe the crossover from the clean to dirty limit. We find that in the crossover regime, all possible symmetry correlations of the proximity-induced anomalous Green's function are induced in the ferromagnet. We also point out that the local density of states oscillates spatially, not only for an F/S bilayer, but also for a normal/superconductor (N/S) bilayer in the diffusive limit, a fact which appears to have gone unnoticed in the literature. Within the weak-proximity effect regime, we present compact analytical expressions valid for arbitrary exchange fields and impurity scattering rates for \textit{i)} the local density of states in an F/S bilayer, \textit{ii)} the Josephson current in an S/F/S junction, and \textit{iii)} the critical temperature in an F/S/F multilayer. For all cases, we study in particular the crossover regime between diffusive and ballistic motion. Our results may be useful for analyzing experimental data in cases when the dirty limit is not fully reached, thus invalidating the use of the Usadel equation.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Incremental expansions for Hubbard-Peierls systems

The ground state energies of infinite half-filled Hubbard-Peierls chains are investigated combining incremental expansion with exact diagonalization of finite chain segments. The ground state energy of equidistant infinite Hubbard (Heisenberg) chains is calculated with a relative error of less than $3 \cdot 10^{-3}$ for all values of $U$ using diagonalizations of 12-site (20-site) chain segm ents. For dimerized chains the dimerization order parameter $d$ as a function of the onsite repulsion interaction $U$ has a maximum at nonzero values of $U$, if the electron-phonon coupling $g$ is lower than a critical value $g_c$. The critical value $g_c$ is found with high accuracy to be $g_c=0.69$. For smaller values of $g$ the position of the maximum of $d(U)$ is approximately $3t$, and rapidly tends to zero as $g$ approaches $g_c$ from below. We show how our method can be applied to calculate breathers for the problem of phonon dynamics in Hubbard-Peierls systems.Comment: 4 Pages, 3 Figures, REVTE

A high gain pifa at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz using wireless power transfer techniques for pacemaker application

The design of a high gain Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) with two different frequencies for medical pacemaker is presented. Two PIFA designs have been optimized to be operated at ISM band of 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz respectively, under tolerable reflection coefficient of less than -10dB. Both of the proposed antennas are developed from copper plate with a simple structure of rectangular patch. All design and simulation has been carried out using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio Suite. The simulated and measured results of the fabricated antenna on reflection coefficient, bandwidth radiation pattern, and gain are presented to validate the usefulness of the presented design. The 2D Anechoic Chamber and Agilent Technologies Network Analyzer have been used for the measurement. Both 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz antennas have successfully manage to achieve high gain of 6dB and 8.2dB respectively with a directional beam pattern. The presented ISM PIFAs could be potential for point-to-point communication using wireless power transfer technique for medical pacemaker application

Morphology of supported polymer electrolyte ultra-thin films: a numerical study

Morphology of polymer electrolytes membranes (PEM), e.g., Nafion, inside PEM fuel cell catalyst layers has significant impact on the electrochemical activity and transport phenomena that determine cell performance. In those regions, Nafion can be found as an ultra-thin film, coating the catalyst and the catalyst support surfaces. The impact of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic character of these surfaces on the structural formation of the films has not been sufficiently explored yet. Here, we report about Molecular Dynamics simulation investigation of the substrate effects on the ionomer ultra-thin film morphology at different hydration levels. We use a mean-field-like model we introduced in previous publications for the interaction of the hydrated Nafion ionomer with a substrate, characterized by a tunable degree of hydrophilicity. We show that the affinity of the substrate with water plays a crucial role in the molecular rearrangement of the ionomer film, resulting in completely different morphologies. Detailed structural description in different regions of the film shows evidences of strongly heterogeneous behavior. A qualitative discussion of the implications of our observations on the PEMFC catalyst layer performance is finally proposed

Hydrodynamic fluctuations in the Kolmogorov flow: Linear regime

The Landau-Lifshitz fluctuating hydrodynamics is used to study the statistical properties of the linearized Kolmogorov flow. The relative simplicity of this flow allows a detailed analysis of the fluctuation spectrum from near equilibrium regime up to the vicinity of the first convective instability threshold. It is shown that in the long time limit the flow behaves as an incompressible fluid, regardless of the value of the Reynolds number. This is not the case for the short time behavior where the incompressibility assumption leads in general to a wrong form of the static correlation functions, except near the instability threshold. The theoretical predictions are confirmed by numerical simulations of the full nonlinear fluctuating hydrodynamic equations.Comment: 20 pages, 4 figure