Synthesizing SystemC Code from Delay Hybrid CSP

Delay is omnipresent in modern control systems, which can prompt oscillations and may cause deterioration of control performance, invalidate both stability and safety properties. This implies that safety or stability certificates obtained on idealized, delay-free models of systems prone to delayed coupling may be erratic, and further the incorrectness of the executable code generated from these models. However, automated methods for system verification and code generation that ought to address models of system dynamics reflecting delays have not been paid enough attention yet in the computer science community. In our previous work, on one hand, we investigated the verification of delay dynamical and hybrid systems; on the other hand, we also addressed how to synthesize SystemC code from a verified hybrid system modelled by Hybrid CSP (HCSP) without delay. In this paper, we give a first attempt to synthesize SystemC code from a verified delay hybrid system modelled by Delay HCSP (dHCSP), which is an extension of HCSP by replacing ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with delay differential equations (DDEs). We implement a tool to support the automatic translation from dHCSP to SystemC

Editorial: Anticoagulation in cardiovascular diseases: evolving role, unmet needs, and grey areas

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Automated Testing of Infotainment System

Infotainment system is one of the most complex Electronic Control Unit (ECU) which is integrated with number of ECU?s in the car. Infotainment system is getting more features in recent years because of which the testing of these systems has become very complex. Testing of these systems with very high accuracy is a difficult task. This paper presents a method of testing the various features of Infotainment System with very high Accuracy and less Human Effort

Mossbauer and magnetization studies of amorphous NdFeB compositionally modulated thin films

Several NdFeB compositionally modulated thin films are studied by using both conversion electron Mossbauer spectra and SQUID (superconducting quantum-interference-device) magnetometry. Both the hyperfine fields and the easy magnetization magnitude are not correlated with the modulation characteristic length (lambda) while the magnetization perpendicular to the thin-film plane decreases as lambda increases. The spectra were recorded at room temperature being the gamma rays perpendicular to the substrate plane. The magnetization measurements were recorded by using a SHE SQUID magnetometer in applied magnetic fields up to 5.5 T and in the temperature range between 1.8 and 30 K

Anestésicos locales en odontoestomatología

El motivo del presente trabajo es hacer una revisión bibliográfica sobre los anestésicos locales (AL) que son las drogas de más uso en Odontoestomatología y que, merced a su perfeccionamiento, en los últimos años han significado un enorme avance, tanto en los tratamientos odontológicos, para mejorar de forma determinante la operatoria dental, como el confort del paciente en estos procederes. Además al haber añadido a estos anestésicos locales un vasoconstrictor se ha conseguido que se puedan usar dosis menores de anestésico y a la vez que con menos dosis se puede actuar más tiempo y en buenas condiciones para el paciente y el dentista. Se realiza al mismo tiempo un estudio de las posibles interacciones medicamentosas, contraindicaciones, etc. de los distintos componentes de la solución anestésica, así como las posibles reacciones de alergia o de hipersensibilidad a la que puedan dar lugar y que se han de tener muy en cuenta a la hora de su utilización en la cavidad oral.The purpose of the present paper is to carry out a review of the literature on local anesthetics (LAs), which are the most commonly used drugs in dentistry. Thanks to their improvement over the last few years, they have constituted an enormous advance in both odontological treatment - improving the dental operation in a determinant manner, and the comfort of the patient during these procedures. Furthermore, the addition of a blood vessel constrictor to these local anesthetics has meant that a lower dose of anesthetic can be used, which at the same time acts for longer, providing better conditions for both the patient and dentist. In addition, a study is made of the possible drug interactions, contraindications etc. of the different components in the anesthetic solution, and likewise the possible allergic hypersensitive reactions which can take place and which must be taken closely into consideration when used in the oral cavity

Efficient bone formation by gene transfer of human LIM mineralization protein-3

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Solid state microdosimetry of a 148 MeV proton spread-out Bragg peak with a pixelated silicon telescope

A constant value of the Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE), equal to 1.1, to weight the physical dose of proton therapy treatment planning collides with the experimental evidence of an increase of effectiveness along the depth dose profile, especially at the end of the particle range. In this context, it is desirable to develop new optimized treatment planning systems that account for a variable RBE when weighting the physical dose. In particular, due to the increasing interest on microdosimetry as a possible methodology for measuring physical quantities correlated with the biological effectiveness of the therapeutic beam, the development of new Tissue-Equivalent Proportional Counters (TEPCs) specifically designed for the clinical environment are in progress. In this framework, the silicon technology allows to produce solid state detectors of real micrometric dimensions. This is a valid alternative to the TEPC from a practical point of view, being simple, easy-of-use and more versatile. The feasibility of a solid state microdosimeter based on a monolithic double stage silicon telescope has been previously proposed and deeply investigated by comparing its response to the one obtained by reference TEPCs in various radiation fields. The device is constituted by a matrix of cylindrical elements, 2 μm in thickness and 9 μm in diameter, coupled to a single E stage, 500 μm in thickness. Each segmented ΔE stage acts as a solid state microdosimeter, while the E stage gives information on the energy of the impinging proton up to about 8 MeV. This work is dedicated to the description of the microdosimetric characterization of the 148 MeV energy-modulated proton beam at the radiobiological research line of the Trento Proton Therapy Centre by means of a pixelated silicon microdosimeter. All measurements were carried out at different positions across the spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) and the corresponding microdosimetric distributions were derived by applying a novel extrapolation algorithm. Finally, microdosimetric assessment of Relative Biological Effectiveness was carried out by weighting the dose distribution of the lineal energy with the Loncol's biological weighting function. Benefits and possible limitations of this approach are discussed

A telescope detection system for direct and high resolution spectrometry of intense neutron fields

A high energy- and spatial-resolution telescope detector was designed and constructed for neutron spectrometry of intense neutron fields. The detector is constituted by a plastic scintillator coupled to a monolithic silicon telescope (MST), in turn consisting of a DE and an E stage. The scintillator behaves as an “active” recoil-proton converter, since it measures the deposited energy of the recoil-protons generated across. The MST measures the residual energy of recoil-protons downstream of the converter and also discriminates recoil-protons from photons associated to the neutron field. The lay-out of the scintillator/MST system was optimized through an analytical model for selecting the angular range of the scattered protons. The use of unfolding techniques for reconstructing the neutron energy distribution was thus avoided with reasonable uncertainty (about 1.6% in neutron energy) and efficiency (of the order of 106 counts per unit neutron fluence). A semi-empirical procedure was also developed for correcting the non-linearity in light emission from the organic scintillator. The spectrometer was characterized with quasi-monoenergetic and continuous fields of neutrons generated at the CN Van De Graaff accelerator of the INFN-Legnaro National Laboratory, Italy, showing satisfactory agreement with literature data

Venous thromboembolism in COVID-19 patients

We read with interest the study published by Tang and coll.1 in a recent issue of the Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. In this retrospective analysis, conducted at the Tongji Hospital of Wuhan, China, it is reported that heparin treatment reduces mortality in subjects affected by severe COVID-19 who have \u201csepsis-induced coagulopathy\u201d. The definition of severe COVID-19 was the presence of at least one of following: respiratory rate 6530 breaths /min; arterial oxygen saturation 6493% at rest; PaO2/FiO2 64300 mmHg. The Authors of this study also reported that, among subjects not treated with heparin, mortality raised according with D-dimer levels. Of note, patients that received heparin in this study were mostly treated with enoxaparin, at the thromboprophylactic dose of 40-60 mg/day, for at least 7 days

New Insights into the Photophysics of DNA Nucleobases

We report the results of an extended time-resolved study of DNA nucleobases in aqueous solutions conducted in the deep UV using broad-band femtosecond transient absorption and electronic two-dimensional spectroscopies. We found that the photodeactivation in all DNA nucleobases occurs in two steps: fast relaxation (500-700 fs) from the excited state ππ* to a "dark" state and its depopulation to the ground state within 1-2 ps. Our experimental observations and performed theoretical modeling allow us to conclude that this dark state can be associated with the nπ* electronic state, which is connected to the excited and ground states via conical intersections