Partially responsive celiac disease resulting from small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and lactose intolerance

BACKGROUND: Celiac disease is a common cause of chronic diarrhea and malabsorption syndrome all over the world. Though it was considered uncommon in India in past, it is being described frequently recently. Some patients with celiac disease do not improve despite gluten free diet (GFD). A study described 15 cases of celiac disease unresponsive to GFD in whom small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) or lactose intolerance was the cause for unresponsiveness. CASE PRESENTATION: During a three-year period, 12 adult patients with celiac disease were seen in the Luminal Gastroenterology Clinic in a tertiary referral center in northern India. Two of these 12 patients (16.6%), who did not fully respond to GFD initially, are presented here. Unresponsiveness resulted from SIBO in one and lactose intolerance in the other. The former patient responded to antibiotics and the latter to lactose withdrawal in addition to standard GFD. CONCLUSION: In patients with celiac disease partially responsive or unresponsive to GFD, SIBO and lactose intolerance should be suspected; appropriate investigations and treatment for these may result in complete recovery

Effects of IL-8 up-regulation on cell survival and osteoclastogenesis in multiple myeloma

[EN]IL-8 promotes cancer cell growth, survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis in several tumors. Herein, we investigated the sources of IL-8 production in multiple myeloma (MM) and its potential roles in MM pathogenesis. We found that bone marrow cells from patients with MM secreted higher amounts of IL-8 than healthy donors. IL-8 production was detected in cultures of CD138+ plasma cells and CD138(-) cells isolated from bone marrows of MM patients, and in three of seven human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) analyzed. Interactions between MM and stromal cells increased IL-8 secretion by stromal cells through cell-cell adhesion and soluble factors. Interestingly, 1L8 expression also increased in HMCLs, stromal cells, and osteoclasts after treatment with the antimyeloma drugs melphalan and bortezomib. In fact, the effect of bortezomib on IL-8 production was higher than that exerted by stromal-MM cell interactions. Addition of exogenous IL-8 did not affect growth of HMCLs, although it protected cells from death induced by serum starvation through a caspase-independent mechanism. Furthermore, IL-8 induced by stromal-MM cell interactions strongly contributed to osteoclast formation in vitro, because osteoclastogenesis was markedly reduced by IL-8 specific neutralizing antibodies. In conclusion, our results implicate IL-8 in myeloma bone disease and point to the potential utility of an anti IL-8 therapy to prevent unwanted effects of IL-8 up-regulation on survival, angiogenesis, and osteolysis in MM.Spanish RTICC, Spanish Association against Cancer (AECC), the INNOCAMPUS Program , Spanish ISCIII-FIS (PI12/02591) and FEDER, Regional Council from Castilla y León (Consejería de Educación) and the Network of Centers for Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapy from Castilla y León

Performance of Credit Risk Management in Indian Commercial Banks

ABSTRACT: For banks and financial institutions, credit risk had been an essential factor that needed to be managed well. Credit risk was the possibility that a borrower of counter party would fail to meet its obligations in accordance with agreed terms. Credit risk; therefore arise from the bank's dealings with or lending to corporate, individuals, and other banks or financial institutions. Credit risk had been the oldest and biggest risk that bank, by virtue of its very nature of business, inherited.Currently in India there were many banks in operation. From these some public sector banks are namely State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Oriental Bank of Commerce, Bank of India, Indian Bank, Indian Overseas Bank, Syndicate Bank, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank, Allahabad Bank, UCO Bank, Vijaya Bank and private sector banks are Axis Bank, ICICI Bank, IndusInd Bank, ING Vysya Bank, Dhanlaxmi Bank, HDFC Bank, YES Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, Karnataka Bank, ABN Amro Bank, Federal Bank, Laxmi Vilas Bank were selected to examine the impact level of credit risk management towards the profitability of Indian commercial banks. To examine its impact level the researcher had used multiple regression models by taking 11 years return on asset (ROA), non performing asset (NPA) and capital adequacy ratio (CAR) from each bank. The researcher had collected data from RBI annual report since 2003 to 2013 for regression purpose

REVIEW ON VARIOUS METHOD TO INCREASE HEAT DISSIPATION IN HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

Hydraulic Power pack units are main driving components of driving system. Consisting mainly a motor, a reservoir and a hydraulic pump these units can generate a tremendous amount of power to drive any kind of hydraulic ram. Hydraulic power units are based on Pascal's law of physics drawing their power from ratios of area and pressure. Heating of hydraulic oil in operation is caused by inefficiencies. Inefficiencies result in losses of input power, which are converted to heat. In this work an attempt is made to suggest the best method for cooling of hydraulic system, by studying various methods for increasing heat dissipation in hydraulic system (power pack)