Determination of long-term effects of consecutive effective fresh chicken manure with solarization and verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahlia Klebb) on weed and its control in egg plant

The aim of the study was to determine the weed density and the most economical way of weed control in eggplant (Solanum melongena) fields contaminated with Verticillium dahliae (Kleb) after the application of fresh chicken manure and solarization in the second year as the same crop was grown. The effect of solarization on weed and the labor need in weed control continued in a diminishing way in the consecutive observations. With fresh chicken manure (FCM), number of weeds (number m-2) decreased but their green and dry biomass (weights g m-2) increased. The labor need (d ha-1) to control the weeds decreased. Similar results were also recorded for V. dahliae inoculation. As a result of the study, 50% of labor saving was achieved in the plots of solarization and either FCM rate combinations [sol x FCM (12 kg.m-2); sol x FCM (6 kg.m-2)] compared to the control plots. Achieved savings in labor can afford to cover the costs of solarization and FCM.Key words: Soil solarization, fresh chicken manure, Verticillium dahliae, eggplant, weed, weed control

EPIdemiology of Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) : Study protocol for a multicentre, observational trial

More than 300 million surgical procedures are performed each year. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after major surgery and is associated with adverse short-term and long-term outcomes. However, there is a large variation in the incidence of reported AKI rates. The establishment of an accurate epidemiology of surgery-associated AKI is important for healthcare policy, quality initiatives, clinical trials, as well as for improving guidelines. The objective of the Epidemiology of Surgery-associated Acute Kidney Injury (EPIS-AKI) trial is to prospectively evaluate the epidemiology of AKI after major surgery using the latest Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) consensus definition of AKI. EPIS-AKI is an international prospective, observational, multicentre cohort study including 10 000 patients undergoing major surgery who are subsequently admitted to the ICU or a similar high dependency unit. The primary endpoint is the incidence of AKI within 72 hours after surgery according to the KDIGO criteria. Secondary endpoints include use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), mortality during ICU and hospital stay, length of ICU and hospital stay and major adverse kidney events (combined endpoint consisting of persistent renal dysfunction, RRT and mortality) at day 90. Further, we will evaluate preoperative and intraoperative risk factors affecting the incidence of postoperative AKI. In an add-on analysis, we will assess urinary biomarkers for early detection of AKI. EPIS-AKI has been approved by the leading Ethics Committee of the Medical Council North Rhine-Westphalia, of the Westphalian Wilhelms-University Münster and the corresponding Ethics Committee at each participating site. Results will be disseminated widely and published in peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences and used to design further AKI-related trials. Trial registration number NCT04165369

Response of seeds and pollen of Onobrychis viciifolia and Onobrychis oxyodonta var. armena to NaCl stress

Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) is an important forage legume crop with 52 species adapted to dry and poor soils in Turkey, but little is known about the effects of salinity on germination and seedling growth in arid and semiarid regions suffering from salinity problem. The seeds and pollen of two species of sainfoin O. viciifolia and O. oxyodonta var. armena (Syn: O. armena) were exposed to 0, 5, 10, 20 and 30 dS m-1 of NaCl under in vivo and in vitro conditions and evaluated for germination under salt stress by comparing germination percentage, mean germination time, root and shoot length, fresh and dry seedling weight and dry matter. Increased salinity levels generally resulted in decrease in all traits except time to germination, dry seedling weight and dry matter, which increased at high salinity levels. O. viciifolia seeds germinated and grew more rapidly compared to O. armena seeds under NaCl stress. No decrease in germination and seedling growth up to 10 dS m-1 was recorded. On the other hand, there was a clear difference for germination and seedling growth between in vivo and in vitro conditions. Lower values were obtained from in vitro experiments; suggesting that mineral salts, sucrose and agar may have resulted in higher osmotic potential inhibiting germination and seedling growth of species compared in vivo conditions. Decrease in pollen germination with increasing salinities was very sharp, indicating that pollen germination had higher sensitive to salinity. But, pollen grains of O. armena germinated rapidly compared to O. viciifolia. The results emphasize that in vivo experiments could be used for screening of NaCl tolerance in sainfoin cultivars without expensive chemicals and sophisticated equipments, but pollen germination is more appropriate for its wild relatives

Structural, electrical, and magnetic properties of the co-substituted bi-2212 system textured by laser floating zone technique

In this work, Bi2Sr2CaCu2-x Co x O y (x=0.0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.25) textured superconductors were prepared by a LFZ melting technique. In all cases, the powder X-ray diffraction patterns of samples show that the Bi-2212 phase is the major one. All samples have good oriented structure, which is a typical picture for superconductors prepared by the LFZ method. Magnetization hysteresis loops, made for all samples at two different temperatures, showed that the loops become narrower with increasing temperature and doping levels. In addition, the effect of Co doping on the critical current density, J c, of Bi 2Sr2CaCu2-x Co x O y has been estimated from hysteresis loop measurement by using Bean's model. The increase of the Co amount in the Bi2Sr2CaCu2-x Co x O y structure significantly decreases the critical current density, showing worse connectivity of the grains. All the results indicate that Co substitution for Cu produces the deterioration on the superconducting properties, compared with the undoped samples. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.This work is supported by Research Fund of Çukurova University, Adana,Turkey, under grant contracts nº FEF2012YL7. A. Sotelo and M.A. Madre wish to thank the Gobierno de Aragón (Research Group T12), for financial support. M.A. Madre also acknowledges the MINECO-FEDER (Project MAT2011-22719) for funding.Peer Reviewe

Perceived Risk and Mental Health Problems among Healthcare Professionals during COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring the Mediating Effects of Resilience and Coronavirus Fear

During coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, healthcare professionals were particularly at high-risk of developing symptoms of mental health problems due to being on the frontline in the battle against COVID-19. This study examined the mediating roles of resilience and coronavirus fear in the relationship between perceived risk and mental health problems among healthcare professionals including doctors and nurses who were actively treating patients confirmed with COVID-19. We recruited 204 healthcare professionals (50\% females) with a mean age of 32.92 years (SD = 7.01). Results showed that perceived risk and coronavirus fear positively predicted depression, anxiety, and stress while resilience negatively predicted those mental health problems. Coronavirus fear mediated the relationship between perceived risk and resilience, depression, anxiety, and stress. Additionally, resilience mitigated the effect of coronavirus fear on depression, anxiety, and stress. This study is among the first indicating the importance of resilience and fear as a critical mechanism that explains the relationship between perceived risk and mental health problems among health professionals directly caring for COVID-19 patients

Structural, electrical, and magnetic properties of the co-substituted bi-2212 system textured by laser floating zone technique

In this work, Bi2Sr2CaCu2-x Co x O y (x=0.0, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.25) textured superconductors were prepared by a LFZ melting technique. In all cases, the powder X-ray diffraction patterns of samples show that the Bi-2212 phase is the major one. All samples have good oriented structure, which is a typical picture for superconductors prepared by the LFZ method. Magnetization hysteresis loops, made for all samples at two different temperatures, showed that the loops become narrower with increasing temperature and doping levels. In addition, the effect of Co doping on the critical current density, J c, of Bi 2Sr2CaCu2-x Co x O y has been estimated from hysteresis loop measurement by using Bean's model. The increase of the Co amount in the Bi2Sr2CaCu2-x Co x O y structure significantly decreases the critical current density, showing worse connectivity of the grains. All the results indicate that Co substitution for Cu produces the deterioration on the superconducting properties, compared with the undoped samples. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.MAT2011-22719 Gobierno de Aragón FEF2012YL7Acknowledgements This work is supported by Research Fund of Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey, under grant contracts no: FEF2012YL7. A. Sotelo and M.A. Madre wish to thank the Gobierno de Aragón (Research Group T12), for financial support. M.A. Madre also acknowledges the MINECO-FEDER (Project MAT2011-22719) for funding