Screening of High Lipid-Producing Fungus from Marine Environment and Studies on the Optimization of Fermentation Conditions

微生物油脂(microbialoils)又称单细胞油脂(singlecelloil，SCO)，即微生物以碳水化合物、碳氢化合物和普通油脂为碳源、氮源、辅以无机盐生产的油脂和另一些有商业价值的脂质。随着人口的增长、社会的进步使油脂需求量与自然资源短缺的矛盾日益加剧，环境污染日趋严重，开发新型油脂资源及清洁能源是当务之急。微生物生产油脂具有原料来源丰富、可再生、成本低、周期短、环境友好等优点，已引起人们的高度关注。开展微生物油脂的研究对解决人类面临的资源短缺、环境恶化等现实问题具有重要意义。 本论文从产油脂菌株的筛选开始，对高产菌株进行理化诱变以获得高产突变株，对菌株产油脂发酵工艺条件进行了系统...Microbial oils, referring to oils produced by microorganisms with carbohydrate source(carbohydrates, hydrocarbons and ordinary fats), nitrogen sources and inorganic chemicals, were called single cell oil as well. With the population growth and social progress, the contradiction between demand of oil and shortage of natural resources is increasingly intensifying. On the other hand, the environmenta...学位：工学硕士院系专业：化学化工学院化学工程与生物工程系_生物化工学号：2062009115129

类泛素蛋白及其中文命名

泛素家族包括泛素及类泛素蛋白,约20种成员蛋白.近年来,泛素家族领域取得了迅猛发展,并已与生物学及医学研究的各个领域相互交叉.泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬机制的发现分别于2004和2016年获得诺贝尔奖.但是,类泛素蛋白并没有统一规范的中文译名. 2018年4月9日在苏州召开的《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》专著的编委会上,部分作者讨论了类泛素蛋白的中文命名问题,并在随后的\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"(Ubiquitinfamily,autophagy anddiseases)苏州会议上提出了类泛素蛋白中文翻译草案,此草案在参加该会议的国内学者及海外华人学者间取得了高度共识.冷泉港亚洲\"泛素家族、自噬与疾病\"苏州会议是由美国冷泉港实验室主办、两年一度、面向全球的英文会议.该会议在海内外华人学者中具有广泛影响,因此,参会华人学者的意见具有一定的代表性.本文介绍了10个类别的类泛素蛋白的中文命名,系统总结了它们的结构特点,并比较了参与各种类泛素化修饰的酶和它们的生物学功能.文章由45名从事该领域研究的专家合作撰写,其中包括中国工程院院士1名,相关学者4名,长江学者3名,国家杰出青年科学基金获得者18名和美国知名高校华人教授4名.他们绝大多数是参加编写即将由科学出版社出版的专著《泛素家族介导的蛋白质降解和细胞自噬》的专家

Screening of High Lipid-producing Fungus and Analysis of Composition of the Lipid

通信作者:[email protected][中文文摘]以早期从海洋环境中分离得到的38株海洋真菌为材料,采用苏丹黑染色法初筛,摇瓶法复筛,得到1株油脂产率相对较高(27.96%)的菌株MD2,经鉴定,该菌株为粘红酵母(Rhodotorula glutinis).再以MD2为出发菌株,经紫外诱变、亚硝基胍诱变和紫外-亚硝基胍复合诱变,最终得到突变菌株MD2-1;采用酸热法提取粘红酵母MD2-1的菌体油脂,测定了其产脂能力,并采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)测定其脂肪酸组成.结果表明:MD2-1的产脂能力较强,油脂质量达菌体干质量的45.32%,较MD2提高17.36%;MD2-1菌体油脂中检测出9种脂肪酸,其脂肪酸组成与植物油近似,其中10-十八(碳)烯酸占脂肪酸总量的71.53%,为10-十八(碳)烯酸工业化生产提供菌种资源,为其规模化生产奠定基础.[英文文摘]Thirty-eight marine fungi strains were isolated from marine environment and subjected to preliminary screening with Sudan Black dye and further screening by shake-flask culture.As a result,strain MD2 was found to have the highest lipid content of 27.96% and identified as Rhodotorula glutinis.The strain was mutagenized respectively with UV light,nitrosoguanidine(NTG) and their combination,obtaining the mutant MD2-1.The lipid was extracted from the strain Rhodotorula glutinis MD2-1 by acid-heat extracting methods,and its fatty acids was analyzed by GC-MS.The results showed that R.glutinis MD2-lexhbited strong ability to produce lipid,and the total amount of lipid represented an average of 45.32% of the dry strain weight..The fatty acid composition of the lipid from R.glutinis MD2-1 was similar to vegetable oil and fat,and the 10-octadecenoic acid accounted for 71.53% of the total fatty acids,so this research made a major significance:provided seed resources for industrial production of 10-octadecenoic acid and laid the foundation for its large-scale production.国家自然科学基金重点项目(40930847)、面上项目(31070442); 福建省自然科学基金项目(2012J01150

VOD过程中超音速射流冲击熔池气·液界面的测定和数学模型

本文通过微机控制的自动气液界面测试系统对 VOD 过程中的气—液界面进行了研究。通过修正自由射流的轴向、径向衰减系数 K,β,建立了冲击射流、熔池气—液边界的数学模型。试验结果表明;这个自动测试系统可进行探针的自动扫描,多通道的数据采集及在线处理,具有采样速度快、精度高等特点。不仅适用于各种气—液界面的测定,更换探头后可测定反应器内的温度分布,速度分布、含气率分布

120吨复吹转炉双流道氧枪(半模)实验研究

用微机控制的多点压力快速扫描阀测量系统对攀钢120t 复吹转炉双流道氧枪喷头进行了半模实验研究,从获得的复射流速度、压力分布及等速度剖面等方面讨论了对冶金过程的影响,为双流道氧枪的设计和操作提供了理论依据

Electroless-deposition Synthesis of Highly Active PtRu/C and PtRuSn/C as Anode Catalysts for DEFC

应用化学镀方法,以活化-敏化处理的活性炭作载体,制备高分散催化剂PtRu/C和PtRuSn/C.XRD、TEM及电化学测试表明,该催化剂Pt、Ru、Sn形成合金.金属颗粒的平均粒径约为3 nm.PtRu/C和PtRuSn/C二者对乙醇的阳极氧化都具有良好的催化活性和稳定性.In this paper,the preparation,characterization,and ethanol electrocatalytic oxidation of Pt0.5Ru0.5/C and Pt0.5Ru0.15Sn0.35/C electrocatalysts were reported.The electroless-deposition with sensitization-activation pretreatment was applied to prepare Pt0.5Ru0.5/C and Pt0.5Ru0.15Sn0.35/C electrocatalysts. The XRD and TEM analyses showed that the as-prepared catalysts were composed of well-dispersed PtRu or PtRuSn nanoparticles with an average particle size of about 3 nm.The electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the as-prepared Pt0.5Ru0.5/C and Pt0.5Ru0.15Sn0.35/C catalysts exhibited much enhanced peak current density for ethanol electrooxidation as compared to that synthesized without pretreatment.This result revealed that the pretreatment is favorable to the dispersion,size distribution and alloy degree of the nanocatalysts on the carbon support.In particular,the peak current density of ethanol oxidation on Pt0.5Ru0.15Sn0.35/C was nearly twice larger than that of Pt0.5Ru0.5/C,indicating their potential application in DEFC with a synergic effect of Ru and Sn.作者联系地址：南开大学化学学院新能源材料化学研究所和能源材料化学天津市重点实验室,南开大学化学学院新能源材料化学研究所和能源材料化学天津市重点实验室,南开大学化学学院新能源材料化学研究所和能源材料化学天津市重点实验室,南开大学化学学院新能源材料化学研究所和能源材料化学天津市重点实验室,南开大学化学学院新能源材料化学研究所和能源材料化学天津市重点实验室,南开大学化学学院新能源材料化学研究所和能源材料化学天津市重点实验室,南开大学化学学院新能源材料化学研究所和能源材料化学天津市重点实验室 天津300071,天津300071,天津300071,天津300071,天津300071,天津300071,天津300071Author's Address: Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Energy Meterial Chemistry, Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,Chin

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel