基于词向量空间的大规模中文语义网络构建与复杂性分析

当前对于汉语语义层次的语言网络研究方法仅限于静态词典生成以及人工手动生成两种方法,具有很大的局限性。对此,该文从大规模语料库生成的语义空间出发,结合语义空间丰富的语义信息和义类词典资源,提出一种新颖的基于分布语义的语义网络构建策略,并在此基础上探究了由不同性质的语义空间所构建的语义网络的统计特性。相比前人的方法,该文提出的方法优势在于无需依赖人工标注,支持大规模动态语料的网络自动构建。实验结果表明,语义网络具有复杂网络两个典型的特性:小世界效应和无标度特性。此外,由于语义网络描述的是词之间最为本质的语义关系,与不同文体中的措辞、使用习惯、风格等不存在直接的关系,因此当语义网络节点到达一定规模时,语义网络的某些统计特性可能会趋于一致

CdS量子点表面巯基酸分子排列方式的宽带和频光谱研究

巯基酸是一种常用的量子点表面配体，对量子点的光电属性和催化活性具有重要影响。用宽带和频光谱（BB-SFG）研究巯基酸分子(HS-(CH2)n-COOH，n = 2，5，10)在金膜和硫化镉（CdS）量子点表面的排列方式。结果表明：在金表面上3种自组装巯基酸单分子膜，都可以检测到与巯基和羧基相连的两个亚甲基的C-H振动和频谱峰。而在CdS量子点表面，短链的HS-(CH2)2-COOH和HS-(CH2)5-COOH处于较无序的混乱包覆状态，检测不到C-H振动和频谱峰；但长链的HS-(CH2)10-COOH在CdS量子点表面是较有序的类似反胶束状的排列，可以检测到与羧基相连的亚甲基的C-H振动谱峰。国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0206500,2016YFA0200702)国家自然科学基金(21327901)

Ge/GeO/多层石墨纳米复合物锂离子电池负极材料性能研究

由于其高容量、快速锂离子扩散速率和高电导性的优点,锗被认为是一种非常有前景的锂离子电池负极材料.本研究利用GeO2和石墨作为前驱体,通过水热法制备Ge/GeO/多层石墨复合物并将其应用于锂离子电池负极材料进行电化学性能研究.实验结果表明,Ge/GeO2纳米粒子的粒径约为40 nm.该复合物电极的第一次充放电容量分别是2045和1146 mA h g.1,库仑效率为56.0%.50圈充放电循环后,当电压范围为0.01.50 V时,容量保持在1008 mAhg.倍率实验表明,该电极在1C(1C=1000mAg)和2 C倍率大电流下,虽然容量略有衰减,但仍保持790和710 mAhg的高容量.教育部新世纪优秀人才计划(编号:NCET-13-0879)；福建省闽江学者特聘教授计划；泉州市桐江学者特聘教授计划；福建省自然科学基金(编号:2016J01069)资助项目

Study on Schottky barrier of 4H-SiC at different anealing temperature

采用磁控溅射的方法在4H-SiC样品上分别沉积四种金属薄膜(Ag,Cu,Ni,Cr)形成Schottky 接触,研究了不同温度退火对Schottky势垒高度的影响。通过对样品的I-V测试结果的拟合,得到各金属/4H-SiC Schottky接触的势垒高度以及理想因子。在反向偏压100V下,样品的反向漏电流小于10-10A,说明样品的反向特性良好。样品经过不同温度的退火后,发现Cu、Ni与4H-SiC的势垒高度(SBH)随退火温度的升高而提高,超过某一温度,其整流特性变差; Ag、Cr的SBH在退火后降低。SBH与金属功函数呈线性关系(Cr金属除外),斜率为0.11。Schottky barriers were formed by sputtering the metals on the front side of 4H-SiC(Si face) by magnetron sputtering to study the rectifying characteristics of the contacts between the metals and 4H-SiC. The infections of the annealing under different temperature were also studied. Schottky barrier height (SBH) of metal/4H-SiC was evaluated from I-V measurements. Under a reverse voltage about 100 V, the reverse leaky current is below 0.1 nA. After annealed, the SBH of Cu/, Ni/4H-SiC was increased, but the SBH of Cr/, Ag/4H-SiC contact was decreased. The relationship between the work function of metals and the SBH was presented. The barrier height depends on the metal work function with slopes of 0.1 to 0.2 (except metal Cr).福建省厦门市科技项目(3502Z20031076

Spectral Study of InGaAs/GaAs Strained Quantum Wells

【中文摘要】 分别用光致发光谱(PL)、光伏谱(PV)及时间分辨谱(TRPL)的方法,测量了应变InGaAs/GaAs单量子阱和多量子阱在不同温度下的光谱,发现单量子阱与多量子阱有不同的光学性质。多量子阱PL谱发光峰和PV谱激子峰的强度与半高宽都比单量子阱的大,但单量子阱的半高宽随着温度的升高增大很快,这是由激子 声子耦合引起的。通过时间分辨谱研究发现了量子阱子能级之间的跃迁,多量子阱的发光寿命明显比单量子阱的长。我们利用形变势模型对量子阱的能带进行了计算,很好地解释了实验结果。 【英文摘要】 Methods of photoluminescence(PL) photovoltage(PV), and timeresolved spectrum(TRS) are applied to study InGaAs/GaAs strained quantum well. We discover singlequantum well(SQW) and multiquantum well(MQW) have different spectral properties; and spectral intensity of MQW is much higher and spectral full width at half maximum (FWHM) is larger than those of SQW, but spectral FWHM of SQW increases more quickly than that of MQW, which is caused by excitonLO phonon coupling. The peaking energy of 11H obtained fro...福建省自然科学基金重点资助项目(A992001

Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials