Effect of aminoguanidine and albendazole on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity in T. spiralis-infected mice muscles

The aim of this study was to provide evidence for the expression of iNOS in the cells of inflammatory infiltrates around larvae in skeletal muscles of T. spiralis infected mice. The BALB/c mice (n=8) divided into subgroups, received either aminoguanidine (AMG) - a specific iNOS inhibitor or albendazole (ALB) - an antiparasitic drug of choice in trichinellosis treatment. Control animals (n=2 in each subgroup) were either uninfected and treated or uninfected and untreated. Frozen sections of hind leg muscles from mice sacrificed at various time intervals after infection were cut and subjected to immunohistochemistry, using monoclonal anti-iNOS antibody. The ALB-treated mice revealed stronger iNOS staining in the infiltrating cells around larvae than the infected and untreated animals. On the contrary, in the AMG-treated animals, the infiltrating cells did not show any specific iNOS reaction. These data confirm the specificity of iNOS staining in the cellular infiltrates around T. spiralis larvae and shed some light on the role of nitric oxide during ALB treatment in experimental trichinellosis

Prevalence of CD56 /NCAM molecule in nervous system immune system and endocrine glands - accidental coincidence?

W pracy przedstawiono postęp badań nad izoformą nerwowej cząsteczki adhezyjnej CD56/NCAM, molekuły, która w ostatnim czasie nabiera coraz większego znaczenia nie tylko w biologii, ale także w medycynie klinicznej. Omówiono aspekty molekularne syntezy CD56 podkreślono uniwersalny charakter tego białka pełniącego ważne funkcje w homeostazie ustroju, a zwłaszcza w interakcjach między układami: nerwowy/odpornościowy i gruczołów wydzielania wewnętrznego. W odniesieniu do układu odpornościowego, istnieją dane sugerujące ważną rolę miejscowych mechanizmów obronnych i regulacyjnych w wątrobie związanych z obecnością antygenu CD56 na komórkach NKT. Wskazano główne miejsca występowania CD56/NCAM, zarówno w warunkach fizjologicznych jak i patologii ludzkiej, związanego przede wszystkim z obecnością nowotworów złośliwych. Wśród tych ostatnich, oprócz guzów pochodzenia neuroektodermalnego i gruczołów dokrewnych, CD56/NCAM może występować także na komórkach licznych nowotworów układu krwiotwórczego, wywodzących się z linii limfoidalnej jak i mieloidalnej. Ponadto zwrócono uwagę na obecność CD56/NCAM o nietypowej lokalizacji, jak np. jej ekspresja na komórkach nabłonka przewodów żółciowych u dzieci z wrodzoną atrezją pozawątrobowych dróg żółciowych, a także na nabłonkach zewnątrzwydzielniczych przewodów trzustki w przebiegu jej przewlekłego zapalenia.The authors presented advances in the research on isoform of neural cell adhesion molecule CD56/NCAM, which appears to raise interest not only in biology, but also in clinical medicine. Molecular aspects of its synthesis have been presented and universal features of this protein have been underlined. It appears to play an important role in body homeostasis and especially in the interactions between neural, immune and endocrine systems. In relation to the immune system there are data suggesting significance of local protective and regulatory mechanisms in the liver linked to so called NKT (CD56+) cells. Main sites of prevalence of CD56/NCAM have been indicated both in physiology and pathology, especially in malignancy. CD56/NCAM incidence is common in tumors of neuroectodermal and endocrine origin. Besides it may be expressed on cells of several hemopoetic neoplasms originated both, from lymphoid and myeloid lineage. Moreover, the attention was paid to CD56/NCAM expression in atypical sites as for example on epithelia of bile ducts in children with extrahepatic biliary atresia and on cells of pancreatic ducts in the course of chronic pancreatitis

Expression of pattern recognition receptors in liver biopsy specimens of children chronically infected with HBV and HCV

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) constitute a pivotal arm of innate immunity. Their distribution is widespread and not limited to cells of the immune system. Following our previous findings concerning the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2, 3 and 4 in chronic viral hepatitis C of children, we wished to search for other PRRs, including other TLRs, NOD-like receptors (NLRs) and RIG-1-like helicase receptors (RLR) in infected hepatocytes. Liver biopsy fragments from ten children with chronic hepatitis B and C were used and two others in which hepatotropic virus infection was excluded. Frozen sections of liver samples were subjected to ABC immunohistochemistry (IHC) following incubation with a set of antibodies. Results of IHC findings were screened for correlation with clinical/laboratory data of patients. It was found that several PRRs could be shown in affected hepatocytes, but the incidence was higher in hepatitis C than in B. In hepatitis C, TLR1, 2, 4, NALP and RIG-1 helicase showed the most marked expression. In hepatitis B, TLR1, 3, 9, NOD1 and NALP expression were the most conspicuous. Expression PRRs in liver from hepatitis of unknown origin was much lower. It was also the case in cytospins from human hepatoma cell line. Several correlations between PRRs expression and clinical findings in patients could be shown by statistical exploration. In conclusion, this data suggests some role for PRRs in the pathogenesis of chronic viral hepatitis. (Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2011; Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 410–416

Employment experiences of Polish migrant workers in the UK hospitality sector.

2010-2011 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journa

Na probostwie w Wyszkowie

8 s.

Nullo

45, [2] s. : il. ; 19 cm