Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Meat production traits of a new sheep breed called Bafra in Turkey 1. Fattening, slaughter, and carcass characteristics of lambs

Fattening performance, slaughter, and carcass traits of Bafra ram lambs slaughtered at different weights were evaluated. A total of 40 lambs were fattened and 24 of them were slaughtered at four slaughter weights of 30, 35, 40, and 45 kg. The lambs showed decreasing fattening performance with increasing live weight. Dressing percentages and carcass compactness indices, as well as fat depots and back fat depth, were increased with greater slaughter weights. The proportions of individual cuts varied with slaughter weight; leg (P < 0.05), foreleg (P < 0.001), and loin (P < 0.05) percentages decreased while neck (P < 0.05) percentage increased. The percentages of carcass bone dropped (P < 0.05), but fat percentages rose (P < 0.001) as slaughter weight increased. The effect of slaughter weight on the lean/fat ratio was significant (P < 0.001), but the effect on the lean/bone ratio was non-significant. It was observed that the leg had the highest lean percentages, while the greatest fat ratio was ascertained in the breast + flank and back in all slaughter weight groups

Multivariate analysis of morphometry effect on race performance in Thoroughbred horses

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of morphometric measurements on race performance (m/sec) of Thoroughbred horses. Data of morphometric measurements (withers height, rump height, chest girth, chest width, front chest width, chest depth, neck length, shoulder length, length of withers to rump, rump length, body length, head width, head length, and cannon circumference) were taken from 244 Thoroughbred horses chosen at random. A total of 2888 racing records were considered for race performance. The effects of environmental factors on morphometric measurements (stallion, gender, age, and mother age) and race performance (gender, age, mother age, year, hippodrome, race distance, racetrack, and race type) were analyzed using the least squares method. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed for morphometric measurements, and then the factor loadings were rotated by Varimax method. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied for the significance of the obtained factors on race performance. Significant effects for stallion on all morphometric measurements, except head length and width, and for gender on withers height, cannon circumference, and head width were determined. Race performance was significantly influenced by stallion, gender, age, year, hippodrome, race distance, racetrack, and race type. After PCA, four factors with eigenvalues >1 were attained. The effects of factors on race performance were not significant, according to the results of multiple linear regression analysis. Therefore, the effects of the morphometric measurements examined on the race performance were not significant in Thoroughbred horse

Comparison of the efficacy of intravaginal electrical stimulation in women with idiopathic overactive bladder naive and refractory to pharmacological agents

Introduction and hypothesis This study aims to compare the effectiveness of intravaginal electrical stimulation (IVES) with regard to quality of life (QoL) and clinical parameters related to incontinence in women with idiopathic overactive bladder (iOAB) naive or refractory to treatment with pharmacological agents (PhA).Methods In this prospective trial, PhA-naive women were included in Group 1 (n = 24) and women with PhA-resistant iOAB were included in Group 2 (n = 24). IVES was performed 3 days a week, with a total of 24 sessions for 8 weeks. Every session lasted 20 minutes. Women were evaluated for the severity of incontinence (24-hour pad test), pelvic floor muscle (PFM) strength (perineometer), 3-day voiding diary (frequency of voiding, nocturia, incontinence episodes, and the number of pads), symptom severity (OAB-V8), quality of life (IIQ-7), treatment success (positive response rate), cure/improvement rate, and treatment satisfaction.Results A statistically significant improvement was found in all parameters for each group at the 8th week compared to the baseline values (p 0.05). At the 8th week, there were no statistically significant differences in the severity of incontinence, PFM strength, incontinence episodes, nocturia, number of pads, QoL, treatment satisfaction, cure-improvement, or positive response rates between the two groups (p > 0.05). It was found that the frequency of voiding and symptom severity parameters were significantly more improved in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p 0.05).Conclusions Although IVES was more effective in PhA-naive women with iOAB, it also appears to be an effective treatment in the management of women with PhA-resistant iOAB

The Adaption of Technology Integration Self-Efficacy Scale into Turkish

anemonThe purpose of this study is to adapt theTechnology Integration Self-Efficacy Scale which was developed by Wang Ertmerand Newby (2004) into Turkish. Validity and reliability studies were carriedout on 748 pre-service teachers studying in Afyon Kocatepe University Facultyof Education. For construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factoranalyses were applied and it was found similar to the original scale. Forreliability analysis, Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient was calculated as.936. Item-total correlations coefficients of the scale ranged from .60 to.707. To measure the criterion referenced validity of the scale TechnologicalPedagogical Content Knowledge Scale which was developed by Kabakçı-Yurdakul, Odabaşı, Kılıçer, Çoklar, Birinci and Kurt (2012) was employed and correlationcoefficient was calculated as .74. Overall findings demonstrated that this scaleis valid and reliable instrument.   Buaraştırmanın amacı, Wang, Ertmer ve Newby (2004) tarafından geliştirilenTeknoloji Entegrasyonuna Yönelik Öz-Yeterlik Algısı Ölçeği’ni Türkçe’yeuyarlamaktır. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerini yapmak için AfyonKocatepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören 748 öğretmen adayındanveri toplanmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği için açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktöranalizleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve benzer yapı elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin güvenirlikanalizinde Cronbach Alfa İç Tutarlık katsayısı hesaplanmış ve 0.936 olarakbulunmuştur. Ölçeğin madde-toplam korelasyonları ise 0.60 ile 0.707 arasındadeğişmektedir. Ölçeğin ölçüt geçerliğinde Kabakçı-Yurdakul, Odabaşı, Kılıçer, Çoklar, Birinci ve Kurt (2012) tarafından hazırlanan Teknopedagojik EğitimYeterlikleri Ölçeği ile arasındaki korelasyon katsayısı 0.74 olarakbulunmuştur. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Teknoloji Entegrasyonuna YönelikÖz-Yeterlik Algı Ölçeği’nin Türk kültüründe geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçmearacı olduğuna karar verilmiştir.40049

Teknoloji Entegrasyonuna Yönelik Öz-Yeterlik Algısı Ölçeği’nin Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması

anemonThe purpose of this study is to adapt theTechnology Integration Self-Efficacy Scale which was developed by Wang Ertmerand Newby (2004) into Turkish. Validity and reliability studies were carriedout on 748 pre-service teachers studying in Afyon Kocatepe University Facultyof Education. For construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factoranalyses were applied and it was found similar to the original scale. Forreliability analysis, Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient was calculated as.936. Item-total correlations coefficients of the scale ranged from .60 to.707. To measure the criterion referenced validity of the scale TechnologicalPedagogical Content Knowledge Scale which was developed by Kabakçı-Yurdakul, Odabaşı, Kılıçer, Çoklar, Birinci and Kurt (2012) was employed and correlationcoefficient was calculated as .74. Overall findings demonstrated that this scaleis valid and reliable instrument.   Buaraştırmanın amacı, Wang, Ertmer ve Newby (2004) tarafından geliştirilenTeknoloji Entegrasyonuna Yönelik Öz-Yeterlik Algısı Ölçeği’ni Türkçe’yeuyarlamaktır. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerini yapmak için AfyonKocatepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören 748 öğretmen adayındanveri toplanmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği için açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktöranalizleri gerçekleştirilmiş ve benzer yapı elde edilmiştir. Ölçeğin güvenirlikanalizinde Cronbach Alfa İç Tutarlık katsayısı hesaplanmış ve 0.936 olarakbulunmuştur. Ölçeğin madde-toplam korelasyonları ise 0.60 ile 0.707 arasındadeğişmektedir. Ölçeğin ölçüt geçerliğinde Kabakçı-Yurdakul, Odabaşı, Kılıçer, Çoklar, Birinci ve Kurt (2012) tarafından hazırlanan Teknopedagojik EğitimYeterlikleri Ölçeği ile arasındaki korelasyon katsayısı 0.74 olarakbulunmuştur. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Teknoloji Entegrasyonuna YönelikÖz-Yeterlik Algı Ölçeği’nin Türk kültüründe geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçmearacı olduğuna karar verilmiştir.40049

The comparision of some traits in organic and conventional dairy cattle breeding enterprises

Bu araştırmada, organik ve konvansiyonel koşullarda yetiştirilen Holştayn ineklerde döl verimi, süt verimi ve kalitesi ilesağlık durumu incelenmiştir. Araştırma, Aydın il merkezinde bulunan organik ve konvansiyonel koşullara sahip iki özel işletmedeyürütülmüştür. Veriler işletme kayıtları ve onbeş günlük ziyaretlerle alınmıştır. Sütte kalite onbeş günde bir, ağır metaller ve aflatoksinM1 analizi ayda bir tank sütünden yapılmıştır. Organik ve konvansiyonel sürülerde ortalama değerler ilk tohumlama yaşı içinsırasıyla 608.44.25 ve 584.07.56 gün (p0.01), servis periyodu için 104.10.37 ve 111.10.46 gün (p0.001), buzağılama aralığıiçin 381.30.49 ve 386.90.55 gün (p0.001), düzeltilmiş süt verimi için 5711.410.50 ve 6382.815.32 kg (p0.001) bulunmuştur.Organik ve konvansiyonel sürülerden elde edilen sütlerde kuru madde oranı, yağ oranı ve somatik hücre sayısı sırasıyla %12.380.07ve 12.520.07, %3.280.08 ve 3.310.08, 35238247888 ve 31641347679 hücre/ml (p0.05) tespit edilmiştir. Organik ve konvansiyonelsürülerden elde edilen sütlerde kurşuna rastlanmazken aflatoksin M1 0.04250.009 ve 0.13750.094 ppb (p0.05) düzeylerindebulunmuştur. Organik ve konvansiyonel sürülerdeki ineklerde mastitis, pnömoni ve kronik metritis insidansı sırasıyla %5.49 ve16.6 (p0.01), 1.09 ve 29.1 (p0.001) ve 6.59 ve 23.6 (p0.001) olmuştur. Sonuç olarak organik sürüde konvansiyonel sürüye göreilk tohumlama yaşı daha uzun, servis periyodu ve buzağılama aralığı daha kısa, süt verimi daha düşük olmuş, sütte kalite özellikleriile bazı metaller ve aflatoksin M1 düzeyi genel olarak benzer bulunmuştur. Ayrıca organik sürüde bazı hastalıkların insidansının dahaaz olduğu görülmüştür.Fertility, milk yield and quality and health status of Holstein cattle reared at organic and conventional conditionswere investigated. The research was conducted in two private farms, organic and conventional, in Aydın province whereMediterranean climate prevails. Data were collected from farm records and visiting fortnightly. The milk samples from bulk tankwere used for milk quality a fortnightly basis, and for metals and aflatoxin M1 a monthly basis. The means in organic andconventional herds were 608.44.25 and 584.07.56 days (p0.01) for first conception age; 104.10.37 and 111.10.46 days(p0.001) for service period; 381.30.49 and 386.90.55 days (p0.001) for calving interval; 5711.410.50 and 6382.815.32 kg(p0.001) for corrected milk yield, respectively. The means in milk samples from organic and conventional herds were 12.380.07and 12.520.07% for dry matter; 3.280.08 and 3.310.08% for fat; 35238247888 and 31641347679 cell/ml for somatic cellcount; 0.04250.009 and 0.13750.094 ppb for aflatoxin M1 (p0.05), respectively. Pb was not determined in both herd samples.The mean incidences in organic and conventional herds were 5.49 and 16.6% (p0.01) for mastitis; 1.09 and 29.1% (p0.001) forpneumonia; 6.59 and 23.6% (p0.001) for chronic metritis, respectively. The results indicated that organic Holstein herd had longerage for first conception, but shorter service period and calving interval and lower milk yield than conventional Holstein herd. Inaddition, quality properties and levels of some metals and aflatoxin M1 of milk were similar in both herds. Besides, organic herd hadlower incidences in terms of some diseases

Some traits in organic versus conventional cattle and sheep production

Bu derlemede organik ve konvansiyonel sığır ve koyun yetiştiriciliği bazı özellikler bakımından karşılaştırılmıştır. Organik süt sığırcılığında ineklerde süt verimi konvansiyonel süt sığırcılığına göre genellikle daha düşüktür. Organik sürülerden üretilen sütte yaş oranı konvansiyonel sürülere benzer veya daha az olma eğilimindedir. Döl verimi kriterlerinin düzeyi genel olarak her iki sistemde benzer veya organik sürülerde daha düşük olarak bildirilmektedir. Organik süt sığırı sürülerinde hayvan sağlığının genel olarak konvansiyonel sürülere benzer veya daha iyi olduğu görülmektedir. Benzer durum somatik hücre sayısı için de söz konusudur. Diğer taraftan organik sığır sürülerinde konvansiyonel sürülerden farklı olarak en önemli sağlık sorunu paraziter hastalıklardır. Döl verimiyle ilgili sorunların görülme durumu bakımından da genel olarak organik ve konvansiyonel sürülerin benzer veya organik sürülerin daha iyi olduğu söylenebilir. Organik sığır besisinde canlı ağırlık artığı daha düşük olurken, karkasta yaş oranı bakımından farklı bildirimler mevcuttur. Organik koyun sütü ve kuzu eti üretimiyle ilgili çalışma sayısı çok az olduğu için genel bir değerlendirme yapılamamıştır. Ancak az sayıdaki çalışmaya göre organik süt koyunu sürülerinde süt verimi konvansiyonel sürülere göre daha az olduğu söylenebilir. Organik koyun sürülerinde de en önemli sağlık sorunu paraziter hastalıklardır.Comparison of organic and conventional cattle and sheep production in terms of some traits were reviewed. Milk production in organic dairy cattle herds is generally lower than that of in conventional herds. Fat percentage of milk produced from organic dairy cattle herds is tend to be lower, or similar to the that of milk obtained from conventional herds. It has been reported that reproductive performance was similar in both system, or lower in organic herds. It has been observed that health data of animal in organic dairy herds, as well as somatic cell count, is similar, or better than conventional herds. On the other hand, the parasites were considered to be the most important problem in animal health of organic cattle herds. Data reflecting fertility disorders in organic dairy herds are similar, or better than conventional herds. Daily weight gain in organic beef production is lower than that of conventional production, although fat percentage in carcass obtained from both production systems is contradictory. According to the few studies on dealing with comparison of both systems in sheep production, milk production in organic dairy sheep herds is generally lower than that of in conventional herds. As like organic cattle herds, the parasites were reported as the most important problem in animal health of organic sheep herds

An alternative approach for determination of meat quality in Bafra (chios x karayaka G1) lambs : principal components analysis

Bu araştırma, Bafra kuzularında et kalitesi özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla ölçülen bazı parametrelerinin Temel Bileşenler Analizi (Principal Component Analysis, PCA) ile başka değerlendirmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada kullanılan et kalitesi parametrelerine ait veriler, 2007 yılında Tarım İşletmeleri Genel Müdürlüğüne bağlı Gökhöyük Tarım İşletmesi’nden (Amasya) elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada 24 adet Bafra kuzusu kullanılmıştır. Bafra kuzularında et kalitesi özelliklerin arasındaki ilişki PCA ile değerlendirilmiştir (n =24). Et kalitesini değerlendirmede, M. longissimus dorsi’nin pH değeri, 24. saatteki su tutma kapasitesi, 24. saatteki pişirme kaybı, gevreklik değeri, nem, kuru madde oranı, kül oranı, protein oranı, yağ oranı ve renk değerleri (L*, a*, b*) kullanılmıştır. Temel bileşenler analizi ile et kalitesi parametreleri bağımsız bileşenlere ayrılmış, oniki değişken ayrıntılı olarak irdelenmiş ve ilk beş temel bileşenin et kalitesinin toplam varyansın % 79.68’lik bölümünü oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Toplam varyanstaki en yüksek payın, renk değerleri a*, b*, protein, gevrekten kaynaklandığı görülmüştür.In this study, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate some of the variables measured in order to describe meat quality characteristics of Bafra lambs. Data on meat quality parameters used in this study were provided in,G&ouml;kh&ouml;y&uuml;k Agricultural State Farm (in Amasya/ Turkey). Twenty four Bafra lambs were used in this study. The PCA was performed to study the relationship between different meat quality measures (n =24). The measurements used to evaluate the meat quality were pH, water holding capacity at 24th hour, cooking loss at 24th hour , shear force value, moisture, dry matter, crude ash, crude protein, crude fat and the colour (L*, a*, b*) on longissimus dorsi muscles. PCA applied to the various variables in order to describe meat quality to evaluate results visually and on more a wide angle. The PCA has shown meat quality traits are grouped in independent sets. Twelve variables which are responsible on meat quality, were examined the analysis showed that 79.68% of the meat quality was explained by the first five principal components. Colour data (a*, b*), crude protein and shear force values had the highest share in the total variation