Production and evaluation of albino mutants of Sporothrix schenckii

Melanin is an important factor intrinsically related to the virulence of the Sporothrix schenckii. Mutant albino conidia are usually used as inoculants for the evaluation of the properties of melanin in experimental models for the study of sporotrichosis. The goals of this study were to analyze the presence of melanin in S. schenckii conidia, and to produce and evaluate mutant albino forms of S. Schenckii conidia. Four distinct isolates were cultured in PDA, supplemented or not with triciclazole, and in YEPD. A portion of the samples was exposed to 300 ergs/mm2 of UV radiation to generate mutants albino forms. Following the incubation, cultures were analyzed, CFU were determined, and fragments were removed for the ultrastructural analysis, to be cultured once more in YEPD e BHI. Albino colonies were exposed to visible light; all S. schenckii isolates produced melanin, and survival and viability were 66% and 96% for albino conidia. Melanin granules were visible in the cell wall of pigmented conidia, but not in albino conidia. All conidia reverted to both the pigmented and the yeast forms, and albino colonies photoreactivated. All isolates analyzed in this study generated DHN melanin. Moreover, despite the exposure to UV radiation (300 ergs/mm2) being lethal to a significant portion of the colonies, the viability and conversions to the pigmented and yeast forms in surviving colonies did not appear to be affected. Also, albino colonies photoreactivated upon exposure to visible light

Virginia Woolf, neuroprogression, and bipolar disorder

Family history and traumatic experiences are factors linked to bipolar disorder. It is known that the lifetime risk of bipolar disorder in relatives of a bipolar proband are 5-10% for first degree relatives and 40-70% for monozygotic co-twins. It is also known that patients with early childhood trauma present earlier onset of bipolar disorder, increased number of manic episodes, and more suicide attempts. We have recently reported that childhood trauma partly mediates the effect of family history on bipolar disorder diagnosis. In light of these findings from the scientific literature, we reviewed the work of British writer Virginia Woolf, who allegedly suffered from bipolar disorder. Her disorder was strongly related to her family background. Moreover, Virginia Woolf was sexually molested by her half siblings for nine years. Her bipolar disorder symptoms presented a pernicious course, associated with hospitalizations, suicidal behavioral, and functional impairment. The concept of neuroprogression has been used to explain the clinical deterioration that takes places in a subgroup of bipolar disorder patients. The examination of Virgina Woolf’s biography and art can provide clinicians with important insights about the course of bipolar disorder

Considerações sobre reimplantes dentários: condutas clínicas e ortodônticas frente a estas situações

Based on a literature review, the objective of this study is to establish the degree of dental analysis or root resorption that allows replanted teeth to be moved using orthodontic appliance. Some aspects of avulsion and replanted teeth such as etiology, clinical approach and prognosis are considered. It is also presented a literature review of orthodontic tooth movement. According to most authors, the replant is frequently followed by analysis that doesn't allow orthodontic movement. Nevertheless, the lack of resorption signs during a minimum period of one year allows orthodontic treatment when necessary.O objetivo deste trabalho é, usando uma revisão de literatura, estabelecer que grau de anquilose dentária ou reabsorção radicular permite que dentes reimplantados sejam movimentados com a utilização de aparelhos ortodônticos. São abordados aspectos referentes a avulsão e ao reimplante dental, tais como etiologia, condutas clínicas e prognóstico. Uma revisão de literatura sobre movimento dentário ortodôntico também é apresentada. De acordo com a maioria dos autores, a anquilose, sequela frequente após reimplante, inviabiliza o movimento ortodôntico. Entretanto, a ausência de sinais de reabsorção em um período mínimo de um ano, viabiliza o tratamento ortodôntico quando necessário

Percepção da equipe multiprofissional quanto à segurança do paciente pediátrico em áreas críticas

Objective: to know the perception of the multi-professional team regarding the strategies for the safety of pediatric patients in critical areas. Method: a qualitative and exploratory-descriptive study carried out in pediatric intensive care and emergency units of three hospitals in the city of Porto Alegre, between November 2018 and March 2019, linked to the matrix project entitled “Patient safety in hospital care services for children and adolescents in the city of Porto Alegre”. A total of 20 practitioners who worked in these areas and who had experience in pediatrics for at least one year were included. Five collective interviews were conducted, which were audio-recorded and later transcribed for content analysis. Results: three categories arose: Maintenance of adherence to the protocols/goals of pediatric patient safety, Teaching/education in patient safety, and Involvement of companions for the promotion of patient safety. Conclusion: the practitioners acknowledge that the strategies described demonstrate minimal conditions to reach care quality and incident prevention, essential for patient safety.Objetivo: conhecer a percepção da equipe multiprofissional sobre as estratégias de segurança do paciente pediátrico em áreas críticas. Método: estudo qualitativo exploratório-descritivo realizado em unidades de terapia intensiva e emergências pediátricas de três hospitais da cidade de Porto Alegre, entre novembro/2018 a março/2019, vinculado ao projeto matriz “Segurança do paciente nos serviços de atenção hospitalar às crianças e adolescentes na cidade de Porto Alegre”. Incluídos 20 profissionais que atuam nessas áreas e possuem experiência na pediatria de pelo menos um ano. Realizou-se cinco entrevistas coletivas, gravadas em áudio e após transcritas para análise de conteúdo. Resultados: surgiram três categorias, Manutenção da adesão aos protocolos/metas de segurança do paciente pediátrico, Ensino/educação em segurança do paciente e Envolvimento dos acompanhantes para promoção da segurança do paciente. Conclusão: os profissionais percebem que as estratégias descritas demonstram condições mínimas para alcançar a qualidade da assistência e prevenção de incidentes, essencial para segurança do paciente

A educação ambiental no ensino médio: A importância da prática testemunhal docente / Environmental education in high school: The importance of teacher witness practice

O presente trabalho se constitui em um recorte de uma dissertação, apresentado como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Mestra em Educação, no Programa de Pós-Graduação (PPGEdu) da Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), campus Jaguarão. Os dados aqui são coletados no decorrer de uma proposta interventiva de mediação entre teoria e em Educação prática Ambiental (EA), que aconteceu na Escola Estadual de Ensino Médio Nossa Senhora do Patrocínio, na cidade de Dom Pedrito / RS, com os 2ºs Anos, no decorrer de 2016, tratando do tema “atos ambientais”. As atividades diversificadas foram planejadas com o objetivo de melhorar o entendimento dos estudantes sobre o tema e, consequentemente, os índices de aprovação ao final do ano letivo.Os resultados aqui relevantes emergiram durante debates mediados e são fruto de uma reflexão dos estudantes frente à necessidade da corporificação do exemplo pelo docente, especialmente quando se trata de EA. Os dados servem como base para uma reflexão da práxis docente, não apenas dentro da sala de aula, mas em todo o espaço educacional

Development of experimental sporothrichosis in a murine model with yeast and mycelial forms of Sporothrix schenkii

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous disease that affects both men and a variety of animals caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii. The aims of this study were to observe differences in virulence between inocula containing the yeast (Y) or mycelial (M) forms, to compare the reactions induced by the two inocula injected in different anatomical sites, and to verify the possibility of horizontal transmission of the disease by contact between infected and healthy animals. All animals were observed during a period of nine weeks. Mice were inoculated subcutaneously in the paw pads and in the regions of the hip and shoulder joints. Another group of non-inoculated healthy mice was kept in direct contact with mice developing the subcutaneous lesions. Animals of groups Y and M developed lesions due to infections and clinical symptoms very characteristic of sporothrichosis. Lesions were more prominent and with longer duration when occurring in the pads than in any other site of inoculation. Non-inoculated mice remained healthy as it occurred to animals in the control group. The development of typical clinical symptoms for sporothrichosis in all inoculated groups suggests that no difference exists in virulence between the yeast and mycelial forms of the same isolated of S. schenckii. Moreover, the paw pads appear to be the site of choice for the inoculation for experimental sporotrichosis in the murine model. In addition, this study also showed that the contact with sick animals and contaminated materials is insufficient to transmit the infection to immune competent animals with intact skin

First report of an Onchocercidae worm infecting Psychodopygus carrerai carrerai sandfly, a putative vector of Leishmania braziliensis in the Amazon

Sandflies are insects of public health interest due to their role as vectors of parasites of the genus Leishmania, as well as other pathogens. Psychodopygus carrerai carrerai is considered an important sylvatic vector of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in Amazonia. In this study, sandflies were collected in a forested area in the Xapuri municipality, in the State of Acre (Northern Brazil). Two Ps. carrerai carrerai females were found parasitized with a larval form of a filarial worm, one in the labium of the proboscis, the other after the head was squashed, suggesting they were infective larvae. Sandflies were identified through morphological characters as well as amplification and sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase gene (COI). This was the first sequence obtained for Ps. carrerai carrerai for this marker. The obtained nematodes were also characterized through direct sequencing of a fragment of COI and 12S genes, both mitochondrial, and ITS1, a nuclear marker. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the filarial nematodes belong to a species without sequences for these markers in the database, part of family Onchocercidade and closely related to genus Onchocerca (12S tree). Although sandfly infection with nematodes including members of the Onchocercidae has been reported in the Old World, this is the first report of sandfly infection by a member of the Onchocercidae family in the New World, to the best of our knowledge. Considering that the phylogenetic relationships and location in the insect, it can be expected that this is a parasite of mammals and the transmission cycle should be clarified.publishersversionpublishe

Applicability of body adiposity index in estimating body fat of young brazilian women

introduction: the estimation of body composition is an important study field in the prognosis and diagnosis of degenerative diseases. objective: to analyze the applicability of the body Adiposity index (bAi) and the skinfold thickness method. methods: the sample consisted of 19 young adult women with a mean age 24.53 ± 2.65 years, who underwent anthropometric measurements (circumferences and skinfold thickness) and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (dexA). the estimated values were compared to the reference value by using the paired t test and by analysis of the level of association between the methods through the pearson correlation. the level of significance was p0.05) with a strong association level (r = 0.879). conclusion: Although the bAi does not show difference to the estimated values, it is clear that further studies on the applicability of the method in the brazilian population are necessary.Introdução: A estimativa da composição corporal é um campo de estudo importante no prognóstico e diagnóstico de enfermidades degenerativas. Objetivo: Analisar a aplicabilidade do Índice de adiposidade corporal (IAC) e o método de dobras cutâneas. Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por 19 adultas jovens com média de idade 24,53 ± 2,65 anos, submetidas à avaliação antropométrica (circunferências e dobras cutâneas) e absorsiometria por dupla emissão de raio X (DXA). Os valores estimados foram comparados ao valor de referência por meio do teste t pareado e pela análise do nível de associação entre os métodos pela correlação de Pearson; o nível de significância foi p 0,05) com nível de associação forte (r = 0,879). Conclusão: Embora o IAC não apresente diferença para os valores estimados, fica evidente a necessidade de mais estudos sobre a aplicabilidade do método na população brasileira