Econometric reduction theory and philosophy

Econometric reduction theory provides a comprehensive probabilistic framework for the analysis and classification of the reductions (simplifications) associated with empirical econometric models. However, the available approaches to econometric reduction theory are unable to satisfactory accommodate a commonplace theory of social reality, namely that the course of history is indeterministic, that history does not repeat itself and that the future depends on the past. Using concepts from philosophy this paper proposes a solution to these shortcomings, which in addition permits new reductions, interpretations and definitions

Econometric reduction theory and philosophy

Econometric reduction theory provides a comprehensive probabilistic framework for the analysis and classification of the reductions (simplifications) associated with empirical econometric models. However, the available approaches to econometric reduction theory are unable to satisfactory accommodate a commonplace theory of social reality, namely that the course of history is indeterministic, that history does not repeat itself and that the future depends on the past. Using concepts from philosophy this paper proposes a solution to these shortcomings, which in addition permits new reductions, interpretations and definitions.Theory of reduction, DGP, Possible worlds, Econometrics and philosophy

Kant\u27s Political Theory and Philosophy of History

Kant combined two traditional approaches in his political theory, reference to a utopian and ideal universal moral order in common with Plato, Thomas More, and Jean Jacques Rousseau and an analysis of the pursuit of individual self-interest leading to the establishment of laws that enable citizens to satisfy their interests, like Thomas Hobbes, Niccolò Machiavelli, and Adam Smith. Kant focused on the international level, arguing that following the categorical imperative would arrange a society equitably while national commercial self-interest would lead to a league of nations to adjudicate international disputes. Kant was unique in providing both a theory of an ideal society and a method to achieve it

Hegel\u27s Political Theory and Philosophy of History

Hegel\u27s historical and political thought can best be understood if we understand its relationship to Rousseau\u27s political theory and Kant\u27s philosophy of history. Hegel\u27s conception of the modem state closely resembles Rousseau\u27s ideal community which was based upon rational freedom realized through a general will and reinforced by custom and tradition which shaped the character and interests of the citizens. However, Rousseau\u27s community was utopian-it could not be realized in the modem world. It was incompatible with commerce and trade which promote particular interest and thus corrupt custom and erode the general will. These matters will be discussed in Section III. To explain the possibility of the ideal state in the modern worid, Hegel turns to Kant\u27s philosophy of history where commerce, trade, and confliccing particular interests themselves lead to what morality the categorical imperative or the general will-would demand. Kant\u27s ideal state, however, completely lacks custom, tradition, and community-what Hegel calls Sittlichkeit. These matters will be discussed in Section II

Attitudes, Ideological Associations and the Left–Right Divide in Latin America

Do Latin American citizens share a common conception of the ideological left–right distinction? And if so, is this conception linked to individuals’ ideological self-placement? Selecting questions from the 2006 Latinobarómetro survey based on a core definition of the left–right divide rooted in political theory and philosophy, this paper addresses these questions. We apply joint correspondence analysis to explore whether citizens who relate to the same ideological identification also share similar and coherent convictions and beliefs that reflect the ideological content of the left–right distinction. Our analysis indicates that theoretical conceptions about the roots of, and responsibility for, inequality in society, together with the translation of these beliefs into attitudes regarding the state versus market divide, distinguish those who self-identify with the left and those who selfidentify with the right

"Theories are made only to die in the war of time": Guy Debord & the Situationist International as Strategic Thinkers

The Situationist International has been one of the main reference points during the past forty more years within social movement organizing, cultural studies, social theory, and philosophy concerned with the development of the city. While the SI have been understood in many ways, as inheritors as elaborators of a unorthodox Marxist politics drawing heavily from the history of the avant-garde, relatively little attention has been paid to the specifically strategic dimension of their thought and practice. This is surprising, particular in Debord?s case, given how much his work also draws from the history of military strategy. This paper particular will examine the strategic aspects of Debord and the SI?s thought and politics and how they rethinking the nature of strategy through collective forms of aesthetic-political practice

Theory and philosophy of AI (Minds and Machines, 22/2 - Special volume)

Invited papers from PT-AI 2011. - Vincent C. Müller: Introduction: Theory and Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence - Nick Bostrom: The Superintelligent Will: Motivation and Instrumental Rationality in Advanced Artificial Agents - Hubert L. Dreyfus: A History of First Step Fallacies - Antoni Gomila, David Travieso and Lorena Lobo: Wherein is Human Cognition Systematic - J. Kevin O'Regan: How to Build a Robot that Is Conscious and Feels - Oron Shagrir: Computation, Implementation, Cognition

Auslegung: A journal of philosophy, volume 18, number 1 (winter, 1992) book reviews

Review of Robert Cummins's "Meaning and Mental Representation"; Richard Wolin's "The Politics of Being: The Political Thought of Martin Iledegger"; David Ingram's "Critical Theory and Philosophy"; Trudy Govier's "God, The Devil And The Perfect Pizza"; Gilles Deleuze's "Bergsonism"; Merold Westphal's "Kierkgaard's Critique of Reason and Society

戦国文化にみる"生涯学習と学習観"

About 40 years has passed since Lifelong Learning Studies was first proposed at UNESCO by matured education committee of UNESCO. However in Japan, Lifelong Learning Studies has faced difficulty particularly due to the recent economic problems. It has often been said that the basic activity of Lifelong Learning Studies in Japan is theoretically and philosophically weak. To overcome the present difficult situation, we must make effort to produce a rich theory and philosophy for Lifelong Learning Studies which recognizes the culture and tradition of Japan. For this purpose, I tried to investigate the tradition of the Sengoku Era(The Warring States period)which had introduced the roots of present Japanese culture. I discovered energetic wills of "lifelong Learning" among people, particularly superior Samurai. Tea ceremony culture which contains modest spirit and manner of study was born in this period. From studying tradition of the Sengoku Era, I propose various values which may help to form a new theory and philosophy of Lifelong Learning Studies for our future