PERBEDAAN PEMBERIAN JENIS MAKANAN PENDAMPING ASI (MP-ASI) DENGAN STATUS GIZI ANAK USIA 9 - 24 BULAN DI PUSKESMAS NGORESAN

ABSTRACT Intan Fadlilah R1115048, Difference of Effect Between Breast Milk Supplementary Food Types on Nutritional Status of Toddlers Aged 9-24 Months At Community Health Center of Ngoresan Surakarta. The Study Program of Diploma IV in Midwife Educator, the Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta 2016. Background: Breast milk supplementary food plays an important role in the growth and development of toddlers aged 9-24 months to help them to get an optimal growth. Ideal food taken shall contain energy and other essential nutritional substances. The objectives of this research are to investigate whether or not there is a difference of effect between the breast milk supplementary food types on the nutritional status of toddlers aged 9-24 months and how large the effect of the breast milk supplementary food types on the nutritional status of toddlers aged 9-24 months is. Method: This research used the observational analytical research method with the case control approach. Its samples were determined through the total sampling technique and consisted of 23 toddlers as the experimental group with abnormal nutritional status, and 23 toddlers as the control group which was determined through matching criteria of gender and age. The data of research were collected through body weight and height measurements and in-depth interview method of recall food for 24 hours. They were analyzed by using the Chi-square’s test. Result: There was a significant difference of effect between the breast milk supplementary food types administered to the toddlers aged 9-24 months as indicated by the value of p= 0.003. The toddlers exposed to the home made breast milk supplementary food had the risk of 6 times larger to have an abnormal nutritional status than those exposed to the fabric made breast milk supplementary food as shown by the value of OR=6.750. Conclusion: There was a significant difference of effect between the breast milk supplementary food types on the nutritional status of toddlers aged 9-24 months. Keywords: Breast milk supplementary food, nutritional status, toddle

Acute: high-level programming language design for distributed computation

Existing languages provide good support for typeful programming of standalone programs. In a distributed system, however, there may be interaction between multiple instances of many distinct programs, sharing some (but not necessarily all) of their module structure, and with some instances rebuilt with new versions of certain modules as time goes on. In this paper we discuss programming language support for such systems, focussing on their typing and naming issues. We describe an experimental language, Acute, which extends an ML core to support distributed development, deployment, and execution, allowing type-safe interaction between separately-built programs. The main features are: (1) type-safe marshalling of arbitrary values; (2) type names that are generated (freshly and by hashing) to ensure that type equality tests suffice to protect the invariants of abstract types, across the entire distributed system; (3) expression-level names generated to ensure that name equality tests suffice for type-safety of associated values, e.g. values carried on named channels; (4) controlled dynamic rebinding of marshalled values to local resources; and (5) thunkification of threads and mutexes to support computation mobility. These features are a large part of what is needed for typeful distributed programming. They are a relatively lightweight extension of ML, should be efficiently implementable, and are expressive enough to enable a wide variety of distributed infrastructure layers to be written as simple library code above the byte-string network and persistent store APIs. This disentangles the language runtime from communication intricacies. This paper highlights the main design choices in Acute. It is supported by a full language definition (of typing, compilation, and operational semantics), by a prototype implementation, and by example distribution libraries

Publications of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, July 1961 through June 1962

Jpl bibliography on space science, 1961-196

Common Subexpression Elimination in a Lazy Functional Language

Common subexpression elimination is a well-known compiler optimisation that saves time by avoiding the repetition of the same computation. To our knowledge it has not yet been applied to lazy functional programming languages, although there are several advantages. First, the referential transparency of these languages makes the identification of common subexpressions very simple. Second, more common subexpressions can be recognised because they can be of arbitrary type whereas standard common subexpression elimination only shares primitive values. However, because lazy functional languages decouple program structure from data space allocation and control flow, analysing its effects and deciding under which conditions the elimination of a common subexpression is beneficial proves to be quite difficult. We developed and implemented the transformation for the language Haskell by extending the Glasgow Haskell compiler and measured its effectiveness on real-world programs

A heuristic-based approach to code-smell detection

Encapsulation and data hiding are central tenets of the object oriented paradigm. Deciding what data and behaviour to form into a class and where to draw the line between its public and private details can make the difference between a class that is an understandable, flexible and reusable abstraction and one which is not. This decision is a difficult one and may easily result in poor encapsulation which can then have serious implications for a number of system qualities. It is often hard to identify such encapsulation problems within large software systems until they cause a maintenance problem (which is usually too late) and attempting to perform such analysis manually can also be tedious and error prone. Two of the common encapsulation problems that can arise as a consequence of this decomposition process are data classes and god classes. Typically, these two problems occur together – data classes are lacking in functionality that has typically been sucked into an over-complicated and domineering god class. This paper describes the architecture of a tool which automatically detects data and god classes that has been developed as a plug-in for the Eclipse IDE. The technique has been evaluated in a controlled study on two large open source systems which compare the tool results to similar work by Marinescu, who employs a metrics-based approach to detecting such features. The study provides some valuable insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the two approache

Dynamically typed languages

Dynamically typed languages such as Python and Ruby have experienced a rapid grown in popularity in recent times. However, there is much confusion as to what makes these languages interesting relative to statically typed languages, and little knowledge of their rich history. In this chapter I explore the general topic of dynamically typed languages, how they differ from statically typed languages, their history, and their defining features

Preliminary Studies on the fluctuation of the biomass of sizefractionated zooplankton in sea grass bed of Pulau Tinggi, Malaysia

Zooplanktons biomass was extensively studied in the sea grass bed of Pulau Tinggi, Malaysia for six months. In 2015, sampling months were April, June, October, whereas in 2016, April, June, August were the sampling months. A cone shaped plankton net was used with 0.30 m mouth, 1.00 m length and 100 μm mesh size. The fractionation of zooplankton size was carried out in to >2000 μm (large), 501-2000 μm (medium) and <500 μm (small). Zooplankton was classified as copepods, larvaceans, chaetognaths, cnidarians, ctenophores, decapods and polychaetes. Copepods were categorized as Calanoida, Poecilostomatoida, Cyclopoida and Harpacticoida but identified as a total of 54 species, 26 genera and 19 families. We conclude that among the biomass of 3 size fractions; medium (36%) was dominant followed by large and small (32% each) throughout the study period