cTag: Semantic Contextualisation of Social Tags

Also published online by CEUR Workshop Proceedings (CEUR-WS.org, ISSN 1613-0073) Proceedings of the Workshop on Semantic Adaptive Social Web 2011In this paper, we present an algorithmic framework to identify the semantic meanings and contexts of social tags within a particular folksonomy, and exploit them for building contextualised tag-based user and item profiles. We also present its implementation in a system called cTag, with which we preliminary analyse semantic meanings and contexts of tags belonging to Delicious and MovieLens folksonomies.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (TIN2008-06566-C04-02), and the Regional Government of Madrid (S2009TIC- 1542)

Semantic contextualisation of social tag-based profiles and item recommendations

Proceedigns of 12th International Conference, EC-Web 2011, Toulouse, France, August 30 - September 1, 2011.The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23014-1_9We present an approach that efficiently identifies the semantic meanings and contexts of social tags within a particular folksonomy, and exploits them to build contextualised tag-based user and item profiles. We apply our approach to a dataset obtained from Delicious social bookmarking system, and evaluate it through two experiments: a user study consisting of manual judgements of tag disambiguation and contextualisation cases, and an offline study measuring the performance of several tag-powered item recommendation algorithms by using contextualised profiles. The results obtained show that our approach is able to accurately determine the actual semantic meanings and contexts of tag annotations, and allow item recommenders to achieve better precision and recall on their predictions.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (TIN2008-06566-C04-02), and the Community of Madrid (CCG10- UAM/TIC-5877

Semantic disambiguation and contextualisation of social tags

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28509-7_18This manuscript is an extended version of the paper ‘cTag: Semantic Contextualisation of Social Tags’, presented at the 6th International Workshop on Semantic Adaptive Social Web (SASWeb 2011).We present an algorithmic framework to accurately and efficiently identify the semantic meanings and contexts of social tags within a particular folksonomy. The framework is used for building contextualised tag-based user and item profiles. We also present its implementation in a system called cTag, with which we preliminary analyse semantic meanings and contexts of tags belonging to Delicious and MovieLens folksonomies. The analysis includes a comparison between semantic similarities obtained for pairs of tags in Delicious folksonomy, and their semantic distances in the whole Web, according to co-occurrence based metrics computed with results of a Web search engine.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (TIN2008-06566-C04-02), and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CCG10-UAM/TIC-5877

Automatic metadata generation in an archaeological digital library: Semantic annotation of grey literature

. This paper discusses the automatic generation of rich metadata from excavation reports from the Archaeological Data Service library of grey literature (OASIS). The work is part of the STAR project, in collaboration with English Heritage. An extension of the CIDOC CRM ontology for the archaeological domain acts as a core ontology. Rich metadata is automatically extracted from grey literature, directed by the CRM, via a three phase process of semantic enrichment employing the GATE toolkit augmented with bespoke rules and knowledge resources. The paper demonstrates the potential of combining knowledge based resources (ontologies and thesauri) in information extraction, and techniques for delivering the automatically extracted metadata as XML annotations coupled with the grey literature reports and as RDF graphs decoupled from content. Examples from two consuming applications are discussed, the Andronikos web portal which serves the annotated XML files for visual inspection and the STAR project, research demonstrator which offers unified search across of archaeological excavation data and grey literature via the core ontology CRM-EH

Increasing information feed in the process of structural steel design

Research initiatives throughout history have shown how a designer typically makes associations and references to a vast amount of knowledge based on experiences to make decisions. With the increasing usage of information systems in our everyday lives, one might imagine an information system that provides designers access to the ‘architectural memories’ of other architectural designers during the design process, in addition to their own physical architectural memory. In this paper, we discuss how the increased adoption of semantic web technologies might advance this idea. We investigate to what extent information can be described with these technologies in the context of structural steel design. This investigation indicates significant possibilities regarding information reuse in the process of structural steel design and, by extent, in other design contexts as well. However, important obstacles and question remarks can still be outlined as well

Discovering the Impact of Knowledge in Recommender Systems: A Comparative Study

Recommender systems engage user profiles and appropriate filtering techniques to assist users in finding more relevant information over the large volume of information. User profiles play an important role in the success of recommendation process since they model and represent the actual user needs. However, a comprehensive literature review of recommender systems has demonstrated no concrete study on the role and impact of knowledge in user profiling and filtering approache. In this paper, we review the most prominent recommender systems in the literature and examine the impression of knowledge extracted from different sources. We then come up with this finding that semantic information from the user context has substantial impact on the performance of knowledge based recommender systems. Finally, some new clues for improvement the knowledge-based profiles have been proposed.Comment: 14 pages, 3 tables; International Journal of Computer Science & Engineering Survey (IJCSES) Vol.2, No.3, August 201

Newspaper headlines: a methodological framework for research into representations of children at risk

This paper aims to present some early results from an ongoing project named «Representations of Childhood - media discourses on children at risk». This multi-discipline research project, focused on children at risk, is conducted under the auspices of the Centre for Child Studies at the University of Minho, in Portugal, and funded by the Science and Technology Foundation (PTDC/CCI/64130/2006). It examines how this issue is portrayed on the media in terms of coverage and the kind of language used in relation to the issue, as a process of social construction (Searle, 1998). The methodology involves both quantitative and qualitative analysis of a variety media sources. Data here presented are based on the discourse analysis of the headlines of four Portuguese newspapers, during the first semester of 2008. Using the concept of interpretative repertoire, introduced by J. Potter and M. Wetherell (1987), we will explore the ways in which newspapers make use of linguistic devices (clusters of terms, descriptions and other rhetoric strategies) to construct their understanding of children at risk. The choice of headings is supported by theoretical as well as empirical reasons. Headlines belong to what Charaudeau has designed as “la titraille” (1997:223) or, according to Adam, the “peritext” (1977: 5); they can be viewed as brief narratives and evoke the argumentative dimension which is associated to them (Revaz, 1997). As Christine Develotte and Elizabeth Rechniewski (2003) stress, headlines are likely to have more impact rather than articles themselves, due to their formal and linguistic features. Besides, due to their cataphoric nature, headlines are powerful devices that direct the reader's interpretation of the “facts” they refer to. Finally, the ways headlines are constructed and understood involve cultural knowledge, a dimension particularly relevant for this study. We conclude with some remarks on the social implications of this topic

Report III on Knowledge-based Mining of Complex Event Patterns: Complex Event Extraction from Real-Time News Streams

In this report, we present our research results during the fourth half-year- phase of the project Corporate Smart Content under the working package ”Knowledge-based Mining of Complex Event Patterns”. We present here a novel approach for real-time extraction of news, based on user specifications and by using background knowledge from specific news domains. We create a powerful filtering service which limits the news data to the concrete and essential preferences of a user. In our approach, enrichment of real- time news with background knowledge is a preprocessing step. We use a Complex Event Processor to detect complex events from the enriched articles and match them to the user specified query. Each time a news article is matched, its result is notified to the user immediately. Our experimental evaluation shows that our approach is feasible for detecting news in real- time with high precision and recall

Drafting a composite indicator of validity for regulatory models and legal systems

The aim of this paper is to lay the groundwork for the creation of a composite indicator of the validity of regulatory systems. The composite nature of the indicator implies a) that its construction is embedded in the long-standing theoretical debate and framework of legal validity; b) that it formally contains other sub-indicators whose occurrence is essential to the determination of validity. The paper suggests, in other words, that validity is a second-degree property, i.e., one that occurs only once the justice, efficiency, effectiveness, and enforceability of the system have been checked